Abstract:
:For millennia, the smile has been recognised as a powerful communication device, offering benefits to both giver and receiver with few drawbacks. A sign of compassion, empathy and friendliness, smiling can benefit healthcare professionals and their patients, helping to build a relationship of trust. But beware the false smile, which is all too easily identified and may do more harm than good. In this review, we explore the literature surrounding smiling in healthcare and beyond, discussing the many reasons to be cheerful, from good health to a happy marriage, among aviators, table waiters, doctors, dentists and even dogs.
journal_name
Postgrad Med Jjournal_title
Postgraduate medical journalauthors
Beamish AJ,Foster JJ,Edwards H,Olbers Tdoi
10.1136/postgradmedj-2018-136286subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-01 00:00:00pages
91-95issue
1120eissn
0032-5473issn
1469-0756pii
postgradmedj-2018-136286journal_volume
95pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The introduction of spiral technology to computed tomography (CT) scanners in the late 1980s has revolutionised the field of CT. Spiral CT offers definite practical benefits over conventional scanners and has expanded the role of CT through the development of new scanning techniques. CT scanning now rivals magnetic re...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.74.868.96
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Two questions were addressed: (1) How much physical activity do patients with diabetes perform? (2) What are the perceived factors that prevent patients from doing more physical activity? RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Interview based questionnaires were distributed to consecutive patients attending the Diabetes ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2003.010553
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postherpetic neuralgia is defined as pain persisting, or recurring, at the site of shingles at least three months after the onset of the acute rash. Thus defined, at least half of shingles sufferers over the age of 65 years develop postherpetic neuralgia. In addition to increasing age, less important risk factors for ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.73.864.623
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphocyte adenosine deaminase (L-ADA) activity, a measure of lymphocyte activity, was estimated in 10 healthy controls and 30 patients with typhoid fever (20 uncomplicated and 10 complicated) at the time of admission, at onset of complications and weekly until recovery. Mean L-ADA activity in healthy controls was 20....
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.68.798.268
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer related deaths among women worldwide. The disease in women occurs at a younger age in Iran than in western communities. OBJECTIVE:To determine the practice of breast self examination (BSE) among 25-54-year-old women in Shiraz, southern Iran. METHODS:Using a ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2008.072678
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a form of chronic pancreatitis characterised clinically by frequent presentation with obstructive jaundice, histologically by a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with fibrosis, and therapeutically by a dramatic response to steroids. When so defined, AIP can be sub-classified into two subtyp...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2012-304224rep
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 77-year old woman with pituitary-driven Cushing's disease is described. The condition was completely controlled on long-term treatment with metyrapone. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.62.730.727
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the occurrence of primary hyperaldosteronism in two sisters. Although this is only the second published report of familial Conn's syndrome, it does have implications for the relatives of patients with Conn's syndrome and these are discussed. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.68.806.976
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The leukocyte count is frequently used to evaluate suspected bacterial infections but estimates of its test performance vary considerably. We evaluated its accuracy for the detection of serious bacterial infections in febrile children. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:Paediatric emergency department...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2013-304754rep
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Enabling healthcare staff to report concerns is critical for improving patient safety. Junior doctors are one of the groups least likely to engage in incident reporting. This matters both for the present and for the future, as many will eventually be in leadership positions. Little is known about junior doct...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2014-133045
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral administration of 1 g of acetazolamide to 8 normal subjects studied at sea level and in normoxia caused an acute increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF). During the subsequent prolonged oral treatment with 1 g of acetazolamide daily, CBF returned to normal within 2 days. The alveolar CO2 tension decreased gradually...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.63.737.185
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A well documented sporadic case of multiple endocrine adenomatosis (MEA) type I, with the pituitary tumour presenting as a prolactinoma, is described in a 28-year-old female. Primary amenorrhoea, resulting from hyperprolactinaemia, was the first symptom of the polyglandular neoplasia. A gastrinoma was removed from the...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.54.635.618
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence, predisposing factors, management and outcome of toxic megacolon (TM) has been reviewed in 65 cases of severe ulcerative colitis (UC) and compared in 2 successive 6-year periods before and after January, 1973. Nineteen episodes of TM occurred in 18 patients. Despite a conscious aim towards earlier surger...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.57.666.223
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fasting plasma and urinary calcium and urinary hydroxyproline are known to rise at the menopause, reflecting increased bone resorption. Oestradiol valerate and cyclic oestradiol valerate/DL-norgestrel are shown to reduce this evidence of increased bone loss. It is concluded that these preparations will be effective in...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of Meckel's diverticulum in a middle-aged man presenting acutely with haematemesis and melaena is reported. Such a presentation has not to our knowledge been previously reported in this age group. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.59.698.786
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Up to one fifth of patients who present to specialist clinics with seizures do not have epilepsy. The majority of such patients suffer from psychologically mediated episodes; dissociative seizures, often referred to as "non-epileptic seizures". This paper describes the diagnostic evaluation of seizure disorders, inclu...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.029785
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency and characteristics of chest pain and non-respiratory symptoms were investigated in patients admitted with acute asthma. One hundred patients with a mean admission peak flow rate of 38% normal or predicted were interviewed using a questionnaire. Chest pain occurred in 76% and was characteristically a dul...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.76.897.413
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a case of eosinophilic fasciitis, with the unusual features of pulmonary and pleural involvement. Similar cases which involve the lungs have been reported after exposure to L-tryptophan, but there is no relevant drug history in this case. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.76.891.36
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryoglobulinaemia may cause cutaneous vasculitis and glomerulonephritis, potentially leading to end stage renal failure. An important proportion of cryoglobulinaemias are secondary to hepatitis C virus infection. Emerging antiviral treatment options offer a chance for causal therapy of these cases of cryoglobulinaemia...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2006.046078
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 44 year old female presented with a subacute myelopathy in association with pelvic venous thrombosis. It is inferred from the temporal relationship of these events that the patient suffered a subacute spinal venous infarction. This is discussed along with the aetiology, anatomical distribution and management of the ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.63.742.669
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostate cancer is receiving ever more publicity with the result that more men are having their prostate specific antigen checked and a greater proportion of men are diagnosed with potentially curable localised disease. Advances in the therapeutic modalities including radical surgery, external beam radiotherapy, and b...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.936.575
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports a clinical study of 20 cases of gangrenous ulcers of the scrotum and/or of the penis (Fournier's gangrene) and a review of previous publications. Even though found mostly in elderly male patients, the disease spares no age group and can involve the external genitalia in neonates and women as well. T...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.70.826.568
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central venous catheterization is not without hazard. Inadvertent placement in the pleural space can occur without the development of a pneumothorax and pressure measurements may appear misleadingly normal. This case report illustrates an effective method of diagnosing and draining an iatrogenic hydrothorax which resu...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.66.778.672
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 59 year old woman presented with acute onset of fever, chills, diaphoresis, vague chest discomfort, and was found to be hypotensive and tachypnoeic. An electrocardiogram demonstrated sinoatrial block with a junctional rhythm between 50 and 80 beats/min. All cultures were negative and imaging studies unrevealing. Her...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.937.657
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Placebo, used here to mean an inert treatment given as if it was a real treatment, means lots of different things to different people. The structure of the article is that it begins by talking about the technical use of placebos in clinical trials, and the extent of the placebo response, then about the mechanism--"How...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.024737
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF THE STUDY:Genome-wide association studies have revealed an association of ADAMTS7 polymorphisms with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Nonetheless, the role of ADAMTS7 polymorphisms on myocardial infarction (MI) risk remains poorly understood. Here, we aim to evaluate the effect of ADAMTS7 tag single nucl...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2019-136459
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of acanthosis nigricans (AN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its correlation with various anthropometric measurements in Indians. METHODS:One hundred and fifty consecutive subjects with T2DM attending the diabetes clinic at a tertiary referral centre in North India were con...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.028308
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is a case report of a 67 year old man who presented with a fluctuating level of consciousness and myoclonic jerks caused in part by hypercalcaemia. The diagnosis of cerebral neoplastic angioendotheleosis was only made later on brain biopsy and is the first report of the occurrence of hypercalcaemia in neoplastic ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.67.788.571
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Increased serum amyloid A (SAA) levels have been investigated in various human malignancies, but a consistent perspective has not been established to date. This study systematically reviewed the association between SAA levels and cancers. METHODS:Cochrane Library, PubMed and Embase were carefully searched fo...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2018-136004
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presenting features of 250 consecutive patients who underwent a ventilation/perfusion lung scan for suspected pulmonary embolus (PE) were analysed. Ninety-six patients had lung scans highly suggestive of PE, with one or more unmatched segmental perfusion defects (scan positive), 86 had low probability scans (scan ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.66.774.285
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00