Abstract：
:Alcohol consumption as a potential risk factor for breast cancer was examined in a case-control study of 1,467 female breast cancer patients and 10,178 hospital controls. Lean females (Quetelet index less than 22) had elevated unadjusted odds ratios for breast cancer of 2.1, 1.7, and 1.4, associated with consuming less than 5, 5-15, and greater than 15 g of alcohol per day, respectively. However, this pattern is not consistent with a dose-response, and adjustment for a risk profile of confounding factors, including education and occupation (which are strong correlates of age at first pregnancy and parity), reduced these estimates to 1.4, 1.2, and 0.9; none of which differs significantly from 1.0. Among all subgroups, the odds ratios adjusted for pertinent confounders and interactions fluctuated randomly by about 0.9 and showed no consistent trend with increased alcohol consumption. In a second investigation, proportional breast cancer rates were estimated for female veterans diagnosed in Veterans Administration Hospitals during 1970-1982 using 1973-1977 rates for the general population as the standard of comparison. In the VA cohort of females, which had an approximate twofold higher prevalence of alcohol abuse and chronic cigarette smoking, the proportional rates of known alcohol and tobacco-related malignancies were significantly elevated but the rates of breast cancer were not. The standardized proportional morbidity rates of breast cancer for white, black, and all VA females were 0.92, 0.85, and 0.91, respectively. Although these results do not rule out weak associations between breast cancer and alcohol in certain subgroups, neither do they provide any compelling evidence that alcohol has a role in the genesis of this malignancy.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
Harris RE,Spritz N,Wynder ELdoi
10.1016/0091-7435(88)90084-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-11-01 00:00:00pages
676-82issue
6eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Long-term, low levels of antineoplastic drugs and ionizing radiation in the work environment may have genotoxic effects on chromosomes in personnel. The effects of ionizing radiation is acknowledged in occupational medicine and therefore various measures have been undertaken to prevent such effects. However, there are...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(92)90056-n
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:was to examine the reliability of the algorithm. METHODS:As part of a randomized controlled trial, 3,930 adolescents completed a paper version of the algorithm questions and a differently worded computerized version on the same day: a parallel form reliability assessment. In a separate assessment, another g...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2002.1179
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine the influence of neighborhood environment on childhood overweight and obesity in Shelby County Schools, Tennessee, and whether and to what extent that influence varies by age, gender, and the specific environment characteristics. 41,283 students were surveyed covering both individual-level covariates and se...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.12.021
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to determine whether attainment of clinical and lifestyle targets varied by race and sex among adults with diabetes onset in older adulthood. This study included 1420 black and white adults from the REGARDS study without diabetes at baseline (2003-07) but with diabetes onset at the foll...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106217
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study is to examine depressive symptom trajectories during adolescence as predictors of physical activity (PA) in young adulthood. METHODS:Adolescents residing in Montreal, Canada (n=860) reported their depressive symptoms every 3-4 months during high school in 20 data collections. Thre...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.11.013
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To estimate the prevalence of smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke among asthmatic Missourians and to describe associated predisposing factors. METHOD:The Missouri County-level Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, conducted among 15,059 non-institutionalized Missourians aged 18 years or older using random-dig...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.01.004
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) assessment as a primary screening test improves sensitivity but decreases specificity. Determining risk for cervical abnormalities and adapting policy accordingly may improve the balance between screening benefits and harms. Our aim is to assess the value of factors other than HP...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105927
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracurricular sport has been a valued educational investment to promote both physical and mental health in children and adolescents. Few longitudinal studies have tested whether extracurricular sport is associated with inattentive/hyperactive symptoms. Using a prospective-longitudinal birth cohort of 758 girls and 7...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106256
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several randomized trials have demonstrated that HPV-based cervical cancer screening is more effective than cytology-based screening. A pooled analysis of long-term follow-up data from these trials has shown reduced cervical cancer mortality in women screened with HPV compared to cytology. As a consequence, many healt...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.12.040
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study presents cancer risk prevalence and screening rates of patients attending general practitioners. Conditions addressed include smoking, skin cancer, Pap smears, clinical breast examinations, and mammography. METHODS:A cross-sectional study of 7,160 patients 18-75 years presenting to 230 general pr...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1994.1021
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To establish the efficacy of an internet based prevention program to reduce alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents. METHOD:A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted with 764 13-year olds from ten Australian secondary schools in 2007-2008. Half the schools were randomly allocated to the computerise...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.04.009
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Colorectal cancer is a major public health challenge worldwide. In Europe it is the first malignancy in terms of incidence and the second in terms of mortality in both genders. Despite evidence indicating that removal of premalignant and early-stage cancer lesion scan greatly reduce mortality, remarkable differences a...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.02.010
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Despite the burden of colorectal cancer and improved health care outcomes with early detection and treatment, screening rates among eligible adults are low. We previously developed through a series of studies an interactive electronic tool, Colorectal Web, to promote colorectal cancer screening. METHOD:From ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.07.003
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:: Little is known of the preventive effects of physical activity in leisure time on neck and upper limb symptoms. METHODS:: A cohort of 1742 employees was selected from a prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of 3 years. Independent variables were sporting activities and physically active commuti...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.11.006
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A prospective analysis was used to test whether respiratory impairment or the presence of respiratory symptoms predicts 5-year cigarette smoking cessation in a sample of 1,118 U.S. white, male, underground coal miners. Miners were examined in 1977 and re-examined in 1982 by NIOSH, and all miners with test abnormalitie...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(85)90033-7
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to investigate the effects of sex and deprivation on participation in a population-based faecal immunochemical test (FIT) colorectal cancer screening programme. The study population included 9785 individuals invited to participate in two rounds of a population-based biennial FIT-based screening progra...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.10.012
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:1) To determine the influenza vaccination coverage required to establish herd immunity, and 2) to assess whether the percentages of vaccination coverage proposed and those registered in the United States and Europe are sufficient to establish herd immunity. METHODS:The vaccination coverage required to establ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.02.015
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) forms an increasing health problem. Despite smoking cessation improving the prognosis of the disease, many patients persist smoking. The present study presents the results of a smoking cessation counseling protocol in general practice (Smoking Cessation in patient...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2005.08.003
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term prescription opioid use is associated both with new-onset and recurrence of depression. Whether chronic opioid use interferes with depression management has not been reported, therefore we determined whether patients' longer duration of opioid use and higher opioid dose are associated with new-onset treatmen...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.003
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe recent trends in the prevalence and risk factors of obstetric anal sphincter ruptures during between 1997 and 2007 in Finland. METHOD:We analyzed a population-based register of 514,741 women with singleton vaginal deliveries recorded in the Finnish Medical Birth Register. Primiparous (n=2315) and...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.10.005
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Rhode Island Department of Corrections (RIDOC) recently implemented the first state-wide, comprehensive medications for addiction treatment (MAT) program in the US. The objective of this study was to elucidate perceived barriers for individuals who participated in RIDOC's MAT program while incarcerated. Of the 588...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105766
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study determines if body composition and lifestyle are risk factors for low radius-bone mineral density (R-BMD) and evaluates the role of body composition in the age-related decline of R-BMD. METHODS:Data on age, menopausal status, fat mass, lean body mass (LBM), drinking, smoking, and occupation were ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1997.0170
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Clinical guidelines for using the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test as a population-based screening tool vary considerably. This study qualitatively explored primary care physicians' PSA screening practices and their understanding of the PSA screening controversy. METHODS:Fourteen telephone focus groups ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.09.035
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Measurement of expired-air carbon monoxide (EACO) is commonly used to ascertain non-smoking status, although it can also reflect exposures not related to smoking. Our aim was to assess 16-year mortality according to EACO measured at baseline, in a general population. METHODS:Our analysis was based on the Th...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.09.001
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Only a small fraction of the health-care dollar is directed toward lifestyle changes that would reduce the social burden from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Here we discuss the challenge, opportunity, methods, and potential for managed care to implement risk reduction strategies and preventive care. A systematic team ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/pmed.1999.0563
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Type 2 diabetes has an enormous impact on the health care system and individuals. Dietary habits, exercise, weight management, and smoking status are critical to management and prevention of complications. This study describes the prevalence of these behaviors and their change over time in a national sample ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2000.0658
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper we review the published literature with respect to cervical cancer screening intervention research. Mass media campaigns appear to work best in promoting cervical cancer screening when multiple media are used, when they promote specific screening programs that eliminate or reduce access barriers, or when...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/pmed.1997.0251
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Human Genome Project has made it easier to genetically map and clone mutant genes which predispose to a great many human diseases. In addition to diseases inherited in a simple Mendelian fashion, there are many degenerative and infectious diseases, and sensitivities to environmental insults, in which the genetic m...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1994.1094
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study tested the effects of two organizational support processes, the provision of financial incentives for superior clinical performance and the availability of a patient (smoker) registry and proactive telephone support system for smoking cessation, on provider adherence to accepted practice guideline...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0091-7435(02)00052-x
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Regular use of recommended preventive health services can promote good health and prevent disease. However, individuals may forgo obtaining preventive care when they are busy with competing activities and commitments. This study examined whether time pressure related to work obligations creates barriers to ob...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.03.008
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
