Let the "A" in WASH Stand for Air: Integrating Research and Interventions to Improve Household Air Pollution (HAP) and Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WaSH) in Low-Income Settings.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Research often suffers from overspecialization, a practice nurtured in academia and reinforced by funders. Indeed, investigators in household air pollution (HAP) and water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH), working in poor parts of the world, rarely interact despite having similar training and using similar methods to evaluate interventions in the same vulnerable populations. Disappointing results from recent trials of improved cookstoves and traditional approaches to WaSH suggest the need for alternative approaches. OBJECTIVES:We argue that bringing these two areas together would improve the effectiveness and efficiency of interventions to reduce the massive disease burden associated with HAP and poor WaSH, including pneumonia and diarrhea, the leading killers of young children in low-income countries. RESULTS:HAP and WaSH face similar challenges in designing, implementing, and securing the sustained and exclusive use of scalable interventions such as clean fuel and water. DISCUSSION:Research can advance greater coordination of these areas by demonstrating their interactions and wider impacts on well-being as well as the potential for programmatic synergies. Integrated solutions to clean households and communities can benefit from the contribution in multiple disciplines, including economics and policy analysis; business and finance; engineering and technology; lab sciences, environmental health, and biomedical sciences; and behavioral and implementation sciences. CONCLUSION:There are compelling reasons to overcome the artificial and unproductive segregation of HAP and WaSH. Researchers should encourage integration by expanding the scope of their collaborations and projects. Policy makers, funders, and implementers can help by supporting comprehensive solutions, encouraging innovation, and requiring rigorous evaluations of their effects. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4752.

authors

Clasen T,Smith KR

doi

10.1289/EHP4752

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-02-01 00:00:00

pages

25001

issue

2

eissn

0091-6765

issn

1552-9924

journal_volume

127

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Enhancing effect of the endocrine disruptor para-nonylphenol on the generation of reactive oxygen species in human blood neutrophils.

    abstract::Although para-nonylphenol (NP) is known as an endocrine disruptor, the immunologic effect of NP has been poorly analyzed. We found that NP from 5 to 50 microM caused a dose-dependent stimulatory effect on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human blood neutrophils, which was measured by using a chemilum...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.6584

    authors: Okai Y,Sato EF,Higashi-Okai K,Inoue M

    更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00

  • Toxicological interactions between nickel and radiation on chromosome damage and repair.

    abstract::Carcinogenic nickel compounds are usually found to be weak mutagens; therefore these compounds may not exert their carcinogenic activity through conventional genotoxic mechanisms. On the other hand, the activities of many nickel compounds have not been adequately investigated. We evaluated the genotoxic activities of ...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.94102s973

    authors: Au WW,Heo MY,Chiewchanwit T

    更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00

  • Associations between Environmental Quality and Mortality in the Contiguous United States, 2000-2005.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Assessing cumulative effects of the multiple environmental factors influencing mortality remains a challenging task. OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to examine the associations between cumulative environmental quality and all-cause and leading cause-specific (heart disease, cancer, and stroke) mortality rates. ...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/EHP119

    authors: Jian Y,Messer LC,Jagai JS,Rappazzo KM,Gray CL,Grabich SC,Lobdell DT

    更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00

  • Detection of lipocortin 1 in human lung lavage fluid: lipocortin degradation as a possible proteolytic mechanism in the control of inflammatory mediators and inflammation.

    abstract::Lipocortins are structurally related, glucocorticoid-inducible proteins that inhibit phospholipase A2 (PLA2), thereby reducing the liberation of arachidonic acid from phospholipids and so limiting the synthesis of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators. This study is the first demonstration of one lipocortin, lipocortin 1 ...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.85-1568329

    authors: Smith SF,Tetley TD,Guz A,Flower RJ

    更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00

  • Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of particulate organic matter from the Paso del Norte airshed along the U.S.-Mexico border.

    abstract::In this study, we determined the biologic activity of dichloromethane-extracted particulate matter < 10 micro m in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) obtained from filters at three sites in the Paso del Norte airshed, which includes El Paso, Texas, USA; Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico, and Sunland Park, New Mexico, USA. The extrac...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.6058

    authors: Arrieta DE,Ontiveros CC,Li WW,Garcia JH,Denison MS,McDonald JD,Burchiel SW,Washburn BS

    更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00

  • Acute effects of ambient particulate matter on mortality in Europe and North America: results from the APHENA study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:THE APHENA (AIR POLLUTION AND HEALTH: A Combined European and North American Approach) study is a collaborative analysis of multicity time-series data on the effect of air pollution on population health, bringing together data from the European APHEA (Air Pollution and Health: A European Approach) and U.S. N...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.11345

    authors: Samoli E,Peng R,Ramsay T,Pipikou M,Touloumi G,Dominici F,Burnett R,Cohen A,Krewski D,Samet J,Katsouyanni K

    更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00

  • Household exposure to paint and petroleum solvents, chromosomal translocations, and the risk of childhood leukemia.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Few studies have examined the association between home use of solvents and paint and the risk of childhood leukemia. OBJECTIVES:In this case-control study, we examined whether the use of paint and petroleum solvents at home before birth and in early childhood influenced the risk of leukemia in children. ME...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.11927

    authors: Scélo G,Metayer C,Zhang L,Wiemels JL,Aldrich MC,Selvin S,Month S,Smith MT,Buffler PA

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Risk of internal cancers from arsenic in drinking water.

    abstract::The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is under a congressional mandate to revise its current standard for arsenic in drinking water. We present a risk assessment for cancers of the bladder, liver, and lung from exposure to arsenic in water, based on data from 42 villages in an arseniasis-endemic region of Taiwan. W...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.00108655

    authors: Morales KH,Ryan L,Kuo TL,Wu MM,Chen CJ

    更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00

  • Tobacco-specific nitrosamine adducts: studies in laboratory animals and humans.

    abstract::This paper describes quantitation of human hemoglobin and DNA adducts of the carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN). NNK and NNN are believed to be involved in cancers of the lung, esophagus, oral cavity, and pancreas in people wh...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.939957

    authors: Hecht SS,Carmella SG,Foiles PG,Murphy SE,Peterson LA

    更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00

  • Impact of metals on the biodegradation of organic pollutants.

    abstract::Forty percent of hazardous waste sites in the United States are co-contaminated with organic and metal pollutants. Data from both aerobic and anaerobic systems demonstrate that biodegradation of the organic component can be reduced by metal toxicity. Metal bioavailability, determined primarily by medium composition/so...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.5840

    authors: Sandrin TR,Maier RM

    更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00

  • Human pulmonary responses to experimental inhalation of high concentration fine and ultrafine magnesium oxide particles.

    abstract::Exposure to air polluted with particles less than 2.5 micron in size is associated epidemiologically with adverse cardiopulmonary health consequences in humans. The goal of this study was to characterize human pulmonary responses to controlled experimental high-dose exposure to fine and ultrafine magnesium oxide parti...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.971051234

    authors: Kuschner WG,Wong H,D'Alessandro A,Quinlan P,Blanc PD

    更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00

  • Changes in pest infestation levels, self-reported pesticide use, and permethrin exposure during pregnancy after the 2000-2001 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency restriction of organophosphates.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Widespread residential pesticide use throughout the United States has resulted in ubiquitous, low-level pesticide exposure. The mix of active pesticide ingredients is changing in response to 2000-2001 regulations restricting use of the organophosphorus insecticides chlorpyrifos and diazinon. OBJECTIVES:We a...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.11367

    authors: Williams MK,Rundle A,Holmes D,Reyes M,Hoepner LA,Barr DB,Camann DE,Perera FP,Whyatt RM

    更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00

  • p53 Plays an important role in cell fate determination after exposure to microcystin-LR.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Microcystin-LR, a cyclic heptapeptide, possesses the ability to inhibit the serine/threonine protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A and, consequently, exhibits acute hepatocytotoxicity. Moreover, microcystin-LR induces cellular proliferation, resulting in tumor-promoting activity in hepatocytes. However, mechanis...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.1001899

    authors: Takumi S,Komatsu M,Furukawa T,Ikeda R,Sumizawa T,Akenaga H,Maeda Y,Aoyama K,Arizono K,Ando S,Takeuchi T

    更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00

  • Disrupted patterns of behavior in natural populations as an index of ecotoxicity.

    abstract::This paper examines behavioral changes in natural populations of wildlife associated with pollution. Although some changes such as lack of nest attentiveness and decreased nest defense have been noted, the results have not been consistent and have been difficult to relate to specific pollutants. Experimental studies i...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.96104s2331

    authors: Peakall DB

    更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00

  • United Kingdom Beryllium Registry: mortality and autopsy study.

    abstract::This report is based on 30 deaths from chronic beryllium disease (CBD) in the United Kingdom with details of 19 autopsies. The majority were fluorescent lamp workers and machinists who died from respiratory failure. There were no cases of lung cancer. The survival times ranged from less than 1 to 29 years and was long...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.96104s5949

    authors: Williams WJ

    更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00

  • Developmental toxicology of cadmium in living embryos of a stable transgenic zebrafish line.

    abstract::The toxic effects of cadmium and other heavy metals have been well established, and many of these and other environmental pollutants are known to be embryotoxic or teratogenic. However, it has proven difficult to identify individual cells that respond to toxicants among the wide range of cell populations in an intact ...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.021101041

    authors: Blechinger SR,Warren JT Jr,Kuwada JY,Krone PH

    更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00

  • Comparison of chemical-activated luciferase gene expression bioassay and gas chromatography for PCB determination in human serum and follicular fluid.

    abstract::We assessed exposure to dioxin-like compounds using chemical and bioassay analysis in different matrices in a female population. A total of 106 serum and 9 follicular fluid samples were collected from infertile women attending Centers for Reproductive Medicine in Belgium from 1996 to 1998. Major polychlorinated biphen...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.00108553

    authors: Pauwels A,Cenijn PH,Schepens PJ,Brouwer A

    更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00

  • Municipal solid wastes and their disposal.

    abstract::A brief overview is given of the sources, characteristics, and toxic constituents of municipal solid wastes. Several methods are presented for handling, treating, and disposal of solid wastes. Monitoring the landfill site is necessary; there has been a trend to recognize that municipal solid wastes may be hazardous an...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.7827239

    authors: Stone R

    更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00

  • High breast milk levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) among four women living adjacent to a PCB-contaminated waste site.

    abstract::As a consequence of contamination by effluents from local electronics manufacturing facilities, the New Bedford Harbor and estuary in southeastern Massachusetts is among the sites in the United States that are considered the most highly contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Since 1993, measures of intraute...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.98106513

    authors: Korrick SA,Altshul L

    更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00

  • Chemical Characterization of a Legacy Aqueous Film-Forming Foam Sample and Developmental Toxicity in Zebrafish (Danio rerio).

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Drinking water contamination related to the use of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) has been documented at hundreds of military bases, airports, and firefighter training facilities. AFFF has historically contained high levels of long-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which pose serious health...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/EHP6470

    authors: Annunziato KM,Doherty J,Lee J,Clark JM,Liang W,Clark CW,Nguyen M,Roy MA,Timme-Laragy AR

    更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00

  • Sources of mercury exposure for U.S. seafood consumers: implications for policy.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent policies attempting to reduce adverse effects of methylmercury exposure from fish consumption in the United States have targeted reductions in anthropogenic emissions from U.S. sources. OBJECTIVES:To analyze the prospects for future North American and international emissions controls, we assessed the...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.0900811

    authors: Selin NE,Sunderland EM,Knightes CD,Mason RP

    更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic predispositions and childhood cancer.

    abstract::This article provides an overview of the problem of genetic susceptibility to childhood cancer with a particular emphasis on problems with ascertaining inherited cancer risk and the role of tumor-suppressor gene mutations in cancer predispositions. The association between neurofibromatosis type 1 and childhood leukemi...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.98106801

    authors: Shannon K

    更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluating potential response-modifying factors for associations between ozone and health outcomes: a weight-of-evidence approach.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Epidemiologic and experimental studies have reported a variety of health effects in response to ozone (O3) exposure, and some have indicated that certain populations may be at increased or decreased risk of O3-related health effects. OBJECTIVES:We sought to identify potential response-modifying factors to d...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.1307541

    authors: Vinikoor-Imler LC,Owens EO,Nichols JL,Ross M,Brown JS,Sacks JD

    更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00

  • Health effects of electric and magnetic fields: overview of research recommendations.

    abstract::We developed a series of articles concerning epidemiologic research on potential health effects of electric and magnetic fields. Our goal was to identify methodological issues that have arisen through past studies of cancer, reproduction, and neurobehavioral outcomes in order to suggest strategies to extend knowledge....

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.93101s471

    authors: Savitz DA

    更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00

  • The isolated perfused lung.

    abstract::The unique nonrespiratory functions of the lungs have become more apparent in recent years. The isolated perfused lung model offers many advantages over other methods for the study of pulmonary metabolism, xenobiotic disposition and the influence of interactions among agents of different physical forms. Detailed descr...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1289/ehp.845635

    authors: Niemeier RW

    更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00

  • Ciguatera fish poisoning and climate change: analysis of National Poison Center Data in the United States, 2001-2011.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Warm sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are positively related to incidence of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP). Increased severe storm frequency may create more habitat for ciguatoxic organisms. Although climate change could expand the endemic range of CFP, the relationship between CFP incidence and specific env...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.1307196

    authors: Gingold DB,Strickland MJ,Hess JJ

    更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00

  • Reaction of chromium(VI) with glutathione or with hydrogen peroxide: identification of reactive intermediates and their role in chromium(VI)-induced DNA damage.

    abstract::The types of reactive intermediates generated upon reduction of chromium(VI) by glutathione or hydrogen peroxide and the resulting DNA damage have been determined. In vitro, reaction of chromium(VI) with glutathione led to formation of two chromium(V) complexes and the glutathione thiyl radical. When chromium(VI) was ...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.919253

    authors: Aiyar J,Berkovits HJ,Floyd RA,Wetterhahn KE

    更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00

  • Relation between cord blood mercury levels and early child development in a World Trade Center cohort.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to determine whether prenatal mercury exposure, including potential releases from the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster, adversely affects fetal growth and child development. METHODS:We determined maternal and umbilical cord blood total mercury of nonsmoking women who delivered at ter...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.10831

    authors: Lederman SA,Jones RL,Caldwell KL,Rauh V,Sheets SE,Tang D,Viswanathan S,Becker M,Stein JL,Wang RY,Perera FP

    更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00

  • Urinary trivalent methylated arsenic species in a population chronically exposed to inorganic arsenic.

    abstract::Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) has been associated with increased risk of various forms of cancer and of noncancerous diseases. Metabolic conversions of iAs that yield highly toxic and genotoxic methylarsonite (MAsIII) and dimethylarsinite (DMAsIII) may play a significant role in determining the extent an...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.7519

    authors: Valenzuela OL,Borja-Aburto VH,Garcia-Vargas GG,Cruz-Gonzalez MB,Garcia-Montalvo EA,Calderon-Aranda ES,Del Razo LM

    更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00

  • Hypochlorous acid-activated carbon: an oxidizing agent capable of producing hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls.

    abstract::Granular activated carbon (GAC), in the presence of dilute aqueous hypochlorite solutions typical of those used in water treatment, was converted to a reagent capable of carrying out free-radical coupling reactions and other oxidations of dilute aqueous solutions of phenols. The products included biphenyls with chlori...

    journal_title:Environmental health perspectives

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1289/ehp.866997

    authors: Voudrias EA,Larson RA,Snoeyink VL,Chen AS,Stapleton PL

    更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00