Abstract：
:Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the number one hospital-acquired infection in the United States. CDI is more common and severe in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Here, we studied the mechanism by which prior colitis exacerbates CDI. Mice were given dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis, recovered for 2 weeks, and then were infected with C. difficile. Mortality and CDI severity were increased in DSS-treated mice compared to controls. Severe CDI is dependent on CD4+ T cells, which persist after colitis-associated inflammation subsides. Adoptive transfer of Th17 cells to naive mice is sufficient to increase CDI-associated mortality through elevated IL-17 production. Finally, in humans, the Th17 cytokines IL-6 and IL-23 associate with severe CDI, and patients with high serum IL-6 are 7.6 times more likely to die post infection. These findings establish a central role for Th17 cells in CDI pathogenesis following colitis and identify them as a potential target for preventing severe disease.
journal_name
Cell Host Microbejournal_title
Cell host & microbeauthors
Saleh MM,Frisbee AL,Leslie JL,Buonomo EL,Cowardin CA,Ma JZ,Simpson ME,Scully KW,Abhyankar MM,Petri WA Jrdoi
10.1016/j.chom.2019.03.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-08 00:00:00pages
756-765.e5issue
5eissn
1931-3128issn
1934-6069pii
S1931-3128(19)30115-5journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Proviral latency is a major barrier to a cure for HIV. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Hataye et al. (2019) show that reactivation of HIV latency is a non-deterministic, highly stochastic (i.e., noisy) process and propose that stochastic transitions to exponential viral expansion require a critical threshold of ...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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doi：10.1016/j.chom.2007.04.007
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2011.07.009
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
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