Abstract:
:The gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) faces a considerable challenge. It encounters antigens derived from an estimated 1014 commensal microbes and greater than 30 kg of food proteins yearly. It must distinguish these harmless antigens from potential pathogens and mount the appropriate host immune response. Local and systemic hyporesponsiveness to dietary antigens, classically referred to as oral tolerance, comprises a distinct complement of adaptive cellular and humoral immune responses. It is increasingly evident that a functional epithelial barrier engaged in intimate interplay with innate immune cells and the resident microbiota is critical to establishing and maintaining oral tolerance. Moreover, innate immune cells serve as a bridge between the microbiota, epithelium, and the adaptive immune system, parlaying tonic microbial stimulation into signals critical for mucosal homeostasis. Dysregulation of gut homeostasis and the subsequent disruption of tolerance therefore have clinically significant consequences for the development of food allergy.
journal_name
Annu Rev Immunoljournal_title
Annual review of immunologyauthors
Iweala OI,Nagler CRdoi
10.1146/annurev-immunol-042718-041621subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-04-26 00:00:00pages
377-403eissn
0732-0582issn
1545-3278journal_volume
37pub_type
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