Abstract:
:Introduction: The inclusion of pharmacogenetics alongside clinical information in anticoagulant therapy offers the opportunity for a tailored approach to treatment according to individual patient characteristics. Areas covered: Literature was searched using PubMed database, focusing on pharmacogenetics of oral anticoagulants. Original research articles and review articles in English language were included in the literature reviewed. This article includes all information available for the genetic cause of inter-individual variability in anticoagulation response to oral anticoagulant drugs. The pharmacogenetics of VKAs and NOACs are described in detail. Expert opinion: There have been numerous studies focusing on the pharmacogenetics of VKAs, particularly warfarin. Current evidence suggests that known genetic and clinical factors explain a large proportion of the inter-individual variability in response to warfarin. Pharmacogenetic-based algorithms have been validated to determine their clinical utility with equivocal results. To date, only a limited number of mostly small studies on the pharmacogenetics of NOACs exists. The latter have highlighted genetic polymorphisms in specific genes that may affect clinical outcomes. Further evaluations of these polymorphisms are needed before firm conclusions can be drawn about the significance of pharmacogenetics on NOAC therapy.
journal_name
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicoljournal_title
Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicologyauthors
Kampouraki E,Kamali Fdoi
10.1080/17425255.2019.1623878subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-06-01 00:00:00pages
449-458issue
6eissn
1742-5255issn
1744-7607journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate fixed-dose combination (FTC/TDF FDC) is the co-formulation of a nucleoside and a nucleotide, respectively. After oral administration, both drugs exhibit plasma and intracellular half-lives suitable for once-daily dosing. Within the host cells, active metabolites ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2012.714367
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There have been increasing concerns regarding adverse reactions and toxicity incidents caused by traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), among which the nephrotoxicity is particularly worrying. AREAS COVERED:This review summarizes the ingredients with renal toxicity from some TCMs through searching the rele...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2016.1132306
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A major challenge in transplantation is improving long-term organ transplant and patient survival. Immunosuppressants protect the transplant organ from alloimmune reactions, but sometimes also exhibit limiting side effects. The key to improving long-term outcome following transplantation is the selection o...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2011.544249
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a major problem in drug development and clinical practice and the most common cause of market withdrawals of drugs. Individualised drug safety aims at the prospective identification of single patients who carry genetic predispositions for the development of serious or fatal ADR...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.1.3.537
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antithrombotic therapy is a crucial component of interventional cardiology and currently involves the administration of both anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents. The implementation of standard dual or triple antiplatelet therapies has allowed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation to become...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425225.3.4.609
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:DNA damaging drugs are widely used for the chemotherapeutic treatment of high-grade osteosarcoma (HGOS). In HGOS patients, several germline polymorphisms have been reported to impact on the development of adverse toxic events related to DNA damaging drugs treatment. Some of these polymorphisms, when presen...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425255.2019.1588885
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:It is widely accepted that current practice of polypharmacy inevitably increases the incidence of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Serious DDIs are a major liability for new molecular entities entering the pharmaceutical market. Various strategies are employed to avoid problematic compounds for clinical deve...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.1013095
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Boceprevir is an NS3/NS4A serine protease inhibitor that was approved for use in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 patients by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in May 2011. The approval of this protease inhibitor marked a major paradigm shift in the treatment of HCV, as it was one of the first of...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2013.840290
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the progressive ageing of the population, an increasing number of elderly patients are being exposed to multiple drugs because of co-existing morbidity states requiring pharmacological management. However, the knowledge of the effects of ageing on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of individual drugs is f...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.3.3.315
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathologists play a central role in the recognition and prevention of drug-induced toxicity. Pathologists engaged in clinical practice must identify a pattern of histological lesions that are interpreted in concert with a variety of clinical data to determine the probability of drug-induced toxicity versus background ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2.2.241
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anticancer drugs are characterized by a narrow therapeutic window and significant inter-patient variability in therapeutic and toxic effects. Current body surface area (BSA)-based dosing fails to standardize systemic anticancer drug exposure and other alternative dosing strategies also have their limitations...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.4.10.1307
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This meeting report presents a brief summary on the 4th Annual Predictive Toxicology Summit 2012, which was held on 15 - 16 February 2012 in London. AREAS COVERED:The majority of presentations came from global pharmaceutical companies, although small and medium enterprise (SME) and academic researchers we...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/17425255.2013.802306
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Recent advances in molecular biology have enabled personalized cancer therapies with molecularly targeted agents (MTAs), which offer a promising future for cancer therapy. Dynamic modeling and simulation (M&S) is a powerful mathematical approach linking drug exposures to pharmacological responses, providin...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2016.1141895
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cytochromes P450 (P450) and associated monooxygenases are a family of heme proteins involved in metabolism of endogenous compounds (arachidonic acid, eicosanoids and prostaglandins) as also xenobiotics including drugs and environmental chemicals. Liver is the major organ involved in P450-mediated metabolis...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2013.759208
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are widely used for the treatment of epilepsy. However, ∼ 30% of patients do not remain seizure free. It is possible that methylxanthine derivatives (e.g., caffeine and theophylline) may partially account for this outcome. AREAS COVERED:Data on the convulsive activity of methylx...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2014.920822
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Iloperidone is a newly commercialized second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic approved for the acute treatment of schizophrenia in adults. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW:the purpose of this review is to describe the pharmacokinetic profile of iloperidone and its clinical implications in the tr...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2010.531259
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has recently become a curable disease with antiviral therapy. The knowledge of drug interactions using direct-acting antivirals (DAA) may permit maximizing antiviral efficacy and avoiding drug-related toxicities. Ageing in the chronic hepatitis C population, along ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.998997
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The activity of various CYP isoforms is critical for maintaining the clinical effectiveness of many medications. Therefore, determining the sex-dependent activity of clinically relevant CYP families is highly important for optimal therapeutic effectiveness. OBJECTIVE:This review examined the sex-dependent a...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.4.4.413
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Due to their multiple effects, glucocorticoids (GCs) have versatile medical uses. They can regulate many xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily, and thus, influence pharmacotherapy. AREAS COVERED:The aim of this paper is to summarize the molecular effects of GCs on CYP as...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2014.878703
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Mathematical models of dermal transport offer the advantages of being much faster and less expensive than in vitro or in vivo studies. The number of methods used to create such models has been increasing rapidly, probably due to the steady rise in computational power. Although each of the various approache...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.1063615
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The N-acetylation polymorphism has been the subject of comprehensive reviews describing the role of arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) in the metabolism of numerous aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs. AREAS COVERED:We describe and review data that more clearly defines the effects of NAT2 haplotypes an...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17425255.2021.1840551
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Adverse drug reactions with an immune pathogenesis are a problem in the clinic and an impediment to drug development. T lymphocytes are believed to play a role in the pathogenesis; however, the nature of the drug interaction with immune receptors remains an area of debate. AREAS COVERED:This article revie...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.992780
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The elucidation of the toxicological mechanisms of herbal medicines is becoming more and more important with the increasing application of herbal medicines, for treatment of various diseases and the promotion of health. Furthermore, it is widely recognized that as herbal components undergo bioactivation, t...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2011.586335
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Raltegravir was the first available integrase inhibitor for treating HIV-positive patients. This review aims to provide an overview of its role in the management of HIV-1 infection, highlighting its key pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. AREAS COVERED:This review covers material searched and ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.1056732
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Aerosol administration of therapeutics to the respiratory system represents a significant opportunity for many classes of drugs, both small molecules and macromolecules, including recently engineered peptide and protein therapeutics. However, minimally invasive assessment of drug absorption mechanisms in viv...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.4.4.333
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Over the past decade, zebrafish have been tasked to play important roles from modeling human diseases to finding cures for them. Inadvertently, these fish now find themselves swimming along the drug development pipeline. A number of studies have been conducted to see if these small fish are up to the task ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2011.562197
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Mepolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to and inactivates IL-5. It is available as a subcutaneous preparation. The practical application of mepolizumab is as an add-on therapy in the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma. Areas covered: This article was created from a comprehensive lit...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425255.2017.1406919
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extensive growth in the field of molecular biology in recent decades has led to the development of new and powerful experimental and computational tools that enable the analysis of complex biological responses to chemical exposure on both a functional and structural genetic level. The ability to profile global respons...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.4.11.1379
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Immunosuppressive drugs have a narrow therapeutic range and large inter-individual response variability. This has prompted pharmacogenetic studies, mostly with regard to their dose-concentration relationships, but also about proteins involved in their pharmacodynamics. Some polymorphisms of genes involved ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2011.570260
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Chemoprevention of cancer refers to the use of natural or synthetic compounds to abolish or perturb a variety of steps in tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. This can be realized through different mechanisms, including activation of free radical scavenging enzymes, control of chronic inflammation...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17425255.2021.1839412
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00