Abstract：
:Polymyxin B is another clinically available polymyxin that has re-emerged in clinical practice to treat infections caused by multi-drug (MDR) or extensively-drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). Its chemical structure is very similar to the structure of polymyxin E (colistin). However, since the latter is administered as a prodrug, there are major pharmacokinetic differences between both polymyxins that may potentially determine different clinical and microbiological outcomes. Studies addressing clinical or microbiological outcomes in patients treated with polymyxin B for MDR or XDR GNB are reviewed in this chapter.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Rigatto MH,Falci DR,Zavascki APdoi
10.1007/978-3-030-16373-0_14subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-01 00:00:00pages
197-218eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
1145pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Articular cartilage contains any ectoenzyme activity, NTP-PPH, which is capable of generating PPi from NTP substrates. The PPi generated is from the cleavage of the alpha-beta pyrophosphate bond of NTP and does not result from the effects of NTP catabolites. NTP-PPH activity is expressed on human skin fibroblasts in c...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5104-7_23
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several possibilities are discussed with regard to the biological potency of gangliosides and related compounds as biological response modifier. Evidence is presented that a ganglioside, GQ1b, but not other gangliosides examined exhibits a strong biological activity at a few nanomolar concentration for the promotion o...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-1200-0_16
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract from different species show a very variable expression of blood group active glycosphingolipids. The core saccharide sequences are typical for the species as, for example, type 1 chains (Gal beta 1----3GlcNAc) are found in the small intestine of man, rat, and pig and ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4613-1663-3_17
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Flavins are highly concentrated in the retina; likely because they are involved as cofactors in energy metabolism and photoreceptors have an extremely high metabolic rate. How this concentration is established is currently unknown, but photoreceptor specific proteins may exist that shuttle flavins to flavoproteins, wh...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_85
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intratumoral hypoxia is prevalent in many solid tumors and is a marker of poor clinical prognosis in prostate cancer. The presence of hypoxia is associated with increased chromosomal instability, gene amplification, downregulation of DNA damage repair pathways, and altered sensitivity to agents that damage DNA. These ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-5915-6_9
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Photoprotective mechanisms have been evolved by photosynthetic organisms to cope with fluctuating high light conditions. One of these mechanisms downregulates photosynthesis by increasing thermal dissipation of the energy absorbed by the photosystem II antenna. While this process has been well studied in plants, the e...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-1528-3_9
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bronchitis is a common health problem in children. Frequent bronchitis in infancy increases the risk of developing chronic respiratory diseases. The aim of the study was to assess the level of growth and the nutritional status in children and youths with special regard to the level of body fatness assessed by measurin...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/5584_2015_192
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the regulation of the human beta-globin gene after retroviral transfer into a variety of transformed and normal hematopoietic cells. After transfer into murine erythroleukemia cells (MEL) expression from the human beta-globin gene responds to inducers of erythroid maturation in parallel to the endogeno...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4613-0623-8_15
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Direct measurements of local oxygen pressure by means of a platinum multiwire electrode were performed to investigate the effect of five different portacaval shunt procedures on hepatic oxygen content in the cirrhotic rat liver. End-to-side shunt, side-to-side shunt, mesenterico caval shunt, splenocaval shunt, and por...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-8890-6_87
更新日期：1977-07-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The regulatory environment for cell- and tissue-based therapeutic products and gene therapy products is rapidly evolving and drug regulatory agencies are working towards establishing a risk-based system in the regulatory framework. Similarly in Singapore, a risk-based tiered approach has been applied whereby clinical ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-18618-4_11
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychiatric disorders such as addiction (substance use and addictive disorders), depression, eating disorders, schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are severe, complex, multifactorial mental disorders that carry a high social impact, enormous public health costs, and various comorbidities as well a...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-32-9721-0_4
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma renin activity, blood angiotensin I, urinary kallikrein and blood bradykinin levels have been measured concurrently in rats over a range of daily sodium intake. Plasma renin activity, blood angiotensin I levels and urinary kallikrein were significantly increased by the low sodium diet (0.02 mmole per day). Brad...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Properly performed, biomarker discovery can lead to effective candidates that can ultimately serve as predictors of disease, medical condition, define therapeutic parameters, and many other applications in medicine. Preferably, biomarkers comprise a panel of indicators, e.g. proteins and/or peptides that can be predic...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-41448-5_21
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is characterized histologically by necrotizing granulomatous angitis that most commonly involves the upper, lower respiratory tract and kidneys, but may affect any organ system. Otolaryngological manifestations are frequent and diverse but subglottic stenosis and tracheal stenosis are les...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-4546-9_28
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Overhauser enhanced MRI (OMRI) is one of the free radical imaging technologies and has been used in biomedical research such as for partial oxygen measurements in tumor, and redox status in acute oxidative diseases. The external magnetic field of OMRI is frequently in the range of 5-10 mTesla to ensure microwave penet...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-55231-6_51
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypoxia is a hallmark of tumors leading to (mal-)adaptive processes, development of aggressive phenotypes and treatment resistance. Based on underlying mechanisms and their duration, two main types of hypoxia have been identified, coexisting with complex spatial and temporal heterogeneities. Chronic hypoxia is mainly ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-0620-8_3
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have described our current criteria for selecting those patients with acute V T-E who merit long-term protection, for accomplishing the acute to long-term transition efficiently and for deciding when such protection can be interrupted. Naturally, in individual patients, special circumstances may exist which alter t...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-5985-3_17
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have briefly discussed immunogenetic studies of families with hyperglycemia which suggest the existence of at least four types of the disease: a) juvenile, insulin-dependent, ketosis prone diabetes determined by an autosomal recessive gene with 50% penetrance and in linkage with the HLA; b) juvenile, insulin-depend...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-9110-8_9
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A single protein is often capable of binding with many partners, enabling potential effects on either protein, such as modifying its expression or activity. However, due to the complex nature of in vivo systems, it is often difficult to perform nontargeted assays with a protein of interest. Methods in discovery proteo...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-52479-5_19
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thermal clearance curves following termination of ultrasound-induced hyperthermia in human mammary carcinomas implanted into the flanks of nude rats were studied. They were found to be monoexponential in form, both with and without blood flow. From the difference between the inverse time constants with and without flo...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-7433-6_45
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A defining hallmark of cancer and cancer development is upregulated angiogenesis. The vasculature formed in tumors is structurally abnormal, not organized in the conventional hierarchical arrangement, and more permeable than normal vasculature. These features contribute to leaky, tortuous, and dilated blood vessels, w...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-95294-9_6
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that is applied during stroke rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to examine diachronic intracranial hemodynamic changes using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during tDCS applied to the primary motor cortex (M1). Se...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-3023-4_42
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethanol has been shown to induce a shift in catecholamine metabolism peripherally from normally oxidative pathways to reductive pathways. The mechanisms of this effect may result from competitive inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase by acetaldehyde. The shift in metabolism cannot be found in brain and alterations in c...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-5181-6_33
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sex difference plays a substantial role in the regulation of glucose metabolism in healthy glucose-tolerant humans. The factors which may contribute to the sex-related differences in glucose metabolism include differences in lifestyle (diet and exercise), sex hormones, and body composition. Several epidemiological and...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-70178-3_4
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between temperature and seasonal fluctuations in births is presented cross nationally. Previous literature which give some credence to this relationship is reviewed, but the authors caution that there is no singular reason for birth seasonality. The summary conclusion is that the evidence is inconcl...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5913-5_7
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in malignant, ischemic, inflammatory, infectious and immune disorders. The increasing molecular understanding of angiogenic processes fostered the development of strategies to induce or inhibit angiogenesis for therapeutic purposes. Here, we focus on anti-angiogenic therapies, which r...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-32805-8_12
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension is common yet difficult to manage in the hemodialysis patients population. This chapter discusses various aspects of this problem including its prevalence, distinctive pathophysiology, methods of diagnosis and pharmacological and non pharmacological treatment approaches. The topic is relevant to any healt...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/5584_2016_88
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During development in vivo and in vitro, estrogens: a) increase brain excitability, particularly in limbic structures; b) are responsible for the maturation and cyclicity of limbic-hypothalamic interrelations; c) enhance myelinogenesis; and d) may act with NGF to stimulate neurite formation. In senescence, estrogen ad...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-9551-6_19
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction between two neuropeptides, VIP and TRH, was studied. The TRH receptor binding ability was examined using intact GH3 cells and its membrane fraction. The TRH binding ability decreased when intact cells were preincubated with VIP, forskolin or db-cAMP, but not when the membrane fraction was treated with ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-5971-6_10
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The world of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) has gained widespread attention in recent years due to their novel and crucial potency of biological regulation. Noncoding RNAs play essential regulatory roles in a broad range of developmental processes and diseases, notably human cancers. Regulatory ncRNAs represent multiple leve...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-1498-7_1
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
