Effects of LSD and BOL on the catecholamine synthesis and turnover in various brain regions.

abstract：RATIONALE:Rats selectively bred for high saccharin (HiS) intake consume more alcohol and acquire intravenous (i.v.) cocaine self-administration more rapidly than their low saccharin (LoS)-consuming counterparts. The present experiment was designed to determine whether HiS and LoS rats differed in other aspects of drug ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Carroll ME,Anderson MM,Morgan AD

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Single oral and intramuscular (i.m.) doses of imipramine (IMI) were administered to four normal males. Serum and urine concentrations of IMI, desipramine (DMI) and their unconjugated 2-hydroxy metabolites were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Urinary conjugated 2-hydroxy metabolites were also me...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Sutfin TA,DeVane CL,Jusko WJ

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) transiently lowers central serotonin levels and can induce depressive mood states and cognitive defects. Previous studies have shown that ATD impairs object recognition in rats. OBJECTIVES:As individual differences exist in central serotonin neurotransmission, the impact of A...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Olivier JD,Jans LA,Korte-Bouws GA,Korte SM,Deen PM,Cools AR,Ellenbroek BA,Blokland A

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Certain disorders, such as depression and anxiety, to which serotonin dysfunction is historically associated, are also associated with lower assessments of other people's trustworthiness. Serotonergic changes are known to alter cognitive responses to threatening stimuli. This effect may manifest socially as r...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Simonsen A,Scheel-Krüger J,Jensen M,Roepstorff A,Møller A,Frith CD,Campbell-Meiklejohn D

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This experiment examined the effect of destruction of the ascending 5-hydroxytryptaminergic (5HTergic) pathways on performance in a free-operant timing schedule. Rats received either injections of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine into the dorsal and median raphe nuclei or sham lesions. They were trained to press levers for a s...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： al-Zahrani SS,Ho MY,Velazquez Martinez DN,Lopez Cabrera M,Bradshaw CM,Szabadi E

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fatty acid specificity of the depressant actions associated with prostaglandin (PG) administration was studied in mice. Administration of PG-E2 (0.4 and 1.0 mg/kg) or PG-D2 (0.4 and 4 mg/kg) significantly potentiated pentobarbital sleeping time. Arachidonic acid (3.3 mg/kg) administration also significantly potent...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Holingsworth EB,Patrick GA

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Preclinical experimental models of pathological aggressive behavior are a sorely understudied and difficult research area. OBJECTIVES:How valid, reliable, productive, and informative are the most frequently used animal models of excessive aggressive behavior? METHODS:The rationale, key methodological featur...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Miczek KA,de Boer SF,Haller J

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seven neuroleptic-free schizophrenic patients received bromocriptine and eight schizophrenic patients received CF 25-397, both ergot derivatives with dopamine agonist activity. Psychosis failed to improve in response to either drug at the relatively low doses administered. Unlike the antipsychotic property of apomorph...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Tamminga CA,Schaffer MH

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Opioid receptor antagonists reliably alter the expression or extinction of ethanol's conditioned motivational effects as indexed by the place conditioning procedure, suggesting endogenous opioids are normally involved. These studies examined how exogenous stimulation of opioid receptors alters ethanol's condi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cunningham CL,Bakner L,Schuette LM,Young EA

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Casein kinase I epsilon/delta phosphorylates certain clock-related proteins as part of a complex arrangement of transcriptional/translational feedback loops that comprise the circadian oscillator in mammals. Pharmacologic inhibition leads to a delay of the oscillations with the magnitude of this effect dep...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Sprouse J,Reynolds L,Kleiman R,Tate B,Swanson TA,Pickard GE

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the effects of intrahippocampal injections of scopolamine (a muscarinic antagonist drug) on performance of a working-memory task (contingently reinforced T-maze alternation) and a reference-memory task (visual discrimination) by the same rats in the same maze. Rats in the first shipment were traine...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Brito GN,Davis BJ,Stopp LC,Stanton ME

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats selectively bred for high alcohol sleep times (HAS) and those that are less affected (LAS) by hypnotic doses (3.0-3.6 g/kg) of ethanol were tested for differential responses to the aversive effects of 1.0 g/kg ethanol in a conditioned place preference task. Likewise, the effects of 0.3-1.0 g/kg ethanol on spontan...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Schechter MD,Krimmer EC

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Nicotine increases glutamate release in the ventral tegmental area and the nucleus accumbens, and thus enhances dopamine neurotransmission in the mesolimbic system that has been implicated in mediating the rewarding effects of drugs. Metabotropic glutamate receptors 5 (mGluR5) are found in the nucleus accumbe...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Paterson NE,Semenova S,Gasparini F,Markou A

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE:Drug-associated memories are hypothesized to underlie the high risk of relapse in addiction. Recent studies show that post-retrieval extinction training erases fear memories by reconsolidation blockade. Here, we examine the efficacy of this non-invasive procedure in rats with drug-associated mem...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Ma X,Zhang JJ,Yu LC

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Withdrawal was precipitated by naloxone at different intervals, up to 22.5 h, following a last maintenance injection in morphine-dependent rats. Different symptoms of withdrawal were found to be preeminent following different morphine-naloxone intervals. Locomotor activity, jumping, and writhing were precipitated most...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Linseman MA

更新日期：1977-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Little is known about patterns of opiate use by heroin addicts. OBJECTIVES:To describe opiate use over time among heroin addicts who had access to legally prescribed intravenous heroin and oral opiates. METHODS:Analysis of daily drug administration records of 37 patients enrolled in the Geneva heroin mainte...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Perneger TV,Mino A,Giner F,Broers B

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Nicotine displays rewarding and aversive effects, and while dopamine has been linked with nicotine's reward, the neurotransmitter(s) involved with aversion remains speculative. The kappa-dynorphinergic system has been associated with negative motivational and affective states, and whether dynorphin (Dyn) cont...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Isola R,Zhang H,Tejwani GA,Neff NH,Hadjiconstantinou M

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Exposure to extreme stress has been suggested to produce long-term, detrimental alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis leading to the development of mental disorders such as depression. Therefore, compounds that block the effects of stress hormones were investigated as potential therapeu...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Jutkiewicz EM,Wood SK,Houshyar H,Hsin LW,Rice KC,Woods JH

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Premature discontinuation of antidepressant drugs is a frequent clinical problem. Adverse effects are common, occur early on in treatment and are reported to be one of the main reasons for discontinuation of antidepressant treatment. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the association between adverse effects occurring...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Crawford AA,Lewis S,Nutt D,Peters TJ,Cowen P,O'Donovan MC,Wiles N,Lewis G

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the mood response of schizophrenic subjects to psychostimulant challenge, 29 neuroleptic-treated subjects (22 with schizophrenia and 7 with schizoaffective disorder) in clinical remission received two infusions, one with methylphenidate 0.5 mg/kg and the other with normal saline, under double-blind cond...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Robinson D,Mayerhoff D,Alvir J,Cooper T,Lieberman J

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Buprenorphine reduces both heroin and cocaine intake in opioid addicts, but the mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVES:To determine the effects of chronic buprenorphine treatment on intake of heroin and/or cocaine and measure nucleus accumbens (NAc) dopamine (DA) levels during self-administration. METHODS:In...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Sorge RE,Stewart J

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cigarette smokers have a wide variety of "tar" and nicotine yields to choose from in the current market, ranging from 0.5 mg "tar" and less than 0.05 mg nicotine to 27 mg "tar" and 1.8 mg nicotine by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) method. To understand better the relationship between FTC nicotine yields and actual...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Byrd GD,Robinson JH,Caldwell WS,deBethizy JD

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasma fluphenazine levels and plasma total neuroleptic activity (as quantitated by the neuroleptic receptor binding assay) were related to therapeutic response in 15 DSM-III schizophrenic patients who received a predetermined, fixed dose of fluphenazine for 14 days. Mean neuroleptic activity of the plasma was 84% gre...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hitzemann RJ,Garver DL,Mavroidis M,Hirschowitz J,Zemlan FP

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present experiment examined effects of nicotine on body weight of male and female rats when Oreo cookies, potato chips, laboratory chow, and water were available. Body weight and eating behavior were measured for 17-day periods before, during, and after nicotine or saline administration. There was an inverse relat...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Grunberg NE,Popp KA,Winders SE

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlordiazepoxide (5 and 10 mg/kg) and diazepam (2.5 mg/kg) reduced the latency to eat and enhanced feeding response to familiar food in a food-preference test. The increased feeding response resulted from an increased frequency of individual eating episodes (bouts) without significant change in the episode duration. E...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cooper SJ

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Neurobiological models of addiction suggest that abnormalities of brain reward circuitry distort salience attribution and inhibitory control processes, which in turn contribute to high relapse rates. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study is to determine whether impairments of salience attribution and inhibitory c...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Powell J,Dawkins L,West R,Powell J,Pickering A

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Cannabinoid antagonists purportedly have greater effects in reducing the intake of highly palatable food compared to less palatable food. However, this assertion is based on free-feeding studies in which the amount of palatable food eaten under baseline conditions is often confounded with other variables, suc...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Buckley JL,Rasmussen EB

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The endogenous oxytocin system has emerged as an inhibitor of drug-seeking and stress in preclinical models. OBJECTIVES:The goal of this study was to examine whether systemic oxytocin administration attenuated methamphetamine (METH)-seeking in rats pre-exposed to a predator odor threat. METHODS:In Experimen...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Ferland CL,Reichel CM,McGinty JF

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of alcohol on locomotor activity of group- and individually-housed mice were studied using direct ethological observations, including a detailed postural analysis and measures of both locomotion and immobility. Ethanol (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg, IP) was given to subjects placed alone in a novel cage, and v...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Smoothy R,Berry MS

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, evidence has emerged showing that the behavioural and hormonal features of fear extinction are altered as a result of reproductive experience in both rats and humans. The current set of experiments sought to determine whether reproductive experience also alters the molecular features of fear extinction. In a...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Tang S,Graham BM

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00