Abstract：
:Infection is a leading cause of death in patients with stroke; however, the impact of cerebral infarct size or location on infectious outcome is unclear. To examine the effect of infarct size on post-stroke infection, we utilised the intraluminal middle-cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model of ischemic stroke and adjusted the duration of arterial occlusion. At 1 day following stroke onset, the proportion of mice with infection was significantly greater in mice that had larger infarct sizes. Additionally, the presence of lung infection in these mice with severe strokes extended past 2 days, suggestive of long-term immune impairment. At the acute phase, our data demonstrated an inverse relationship between infarct volume and the number of circulating leukocytes, indicating the elevated risk of infection in more severe stroke is associated with reduced cellularity in peripheral blood, owing predominately to markedly decreased lymphocyte numbers. In addition, the stroke-induced reduction of lymphocyte-to-neutrophil ratio was also evident in the lung of all post-stroke animals. To investigate the effect of infarct location on post-stroke infection, we additionally performed a photothrombotic (PT) model of stroke and using an innovative systematic approach of analysis, we found the location of cerebral infarct does not impact on the susceptibility of post-stroke infection, confirming the greater role of infarct volume over infarct location in the susceptibility to infection. Our experimental findings were validated in a clinical setting and reinforced that stroke severity, and not infarct location, influences the risk of infection after stroke.
journal_name
Transl Stroke Resjournal_title
Translational stroke researchauthors
Shim R,Wen SW,Wanrooy BJ,Rank M,Thirugnanachandran T,Ho L,Sepehrizadeh T,de Veer M,Srikanth VK,Ma H,Phan TG,Sobey CG,Wong CHYdoi
10.1007/s12975-019-00738-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-01 00:00:00pages
387-401issue
3eissn
1868-4483issn
1868-601Xpii
10.1007/s12975-019-00738-3journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Monocytes recruitment from the blood to inflamed tissues following ischemic stroke is an important immune response to wound healing and tissue repair. Mouse monocytes can be endogenously divided into two distinct populations: pro-inflammatory or classical monocytes that express CCR2highCX3CR1low and circulate in blood...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-020-00878-x
更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes significantly increases the risk of stroke and post-stroke mortality. Recurrent hypoglycemia (RH) is common among diabetes patients owing to glucose-lowering therapies. Earlier, we showed that RH in a rat model of insulin-dependent diabetes exacerbates cerebral ischemic damage. Impaired mitochondrial function...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-018-0622-2
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammation is a critical process behind cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a key immune modulator that has been implicated in cerebral aneurysm pathophysiology. This may occur through TNF-α-mediated endothelial injury, smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation, recruitment...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12975-013-0287-9
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of death-from-disease and of disability worldwide, affecting some 15 million people. The incidence of stroke or "brain attack" is unlikely to recede for a decade at minimum by most predictions, despite large public health initiatives in stroke prevention. It has been well est...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12975-012-0238-x
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ischemic stroke contributes to the majority of brain injuries and remains to be a leading cause of death and long-term disability. Despite the devastating pathology and high incidence of disease, there remain only few treatment options (TPA and endovascular procedures), which may be hampered by time-dependent administ...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12975-013-0319-5
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An argument for preclinical stroke research to make more use of the permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model, rather than transient MCAO, is presented. Despite STAIR recommending permanent MCAO as the primary model, preclinical stroke research has not been listened. In 2012, Hossmann reported that 64% o...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-017-0554-2
更新日期：2017-07-17 00:00:00
abstract：:In clinical trials, assessing efficacy is based on validated scales, and the primary endpoint is usually based on a single scale. The aim of the review is to revisit the concepts and methods to design and analyze studies focused on restoration, recovery and or compensation. These studies are becoming more frequent wit...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12975-016-0488-0
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has been recently introduced as a novel MRI post-processing technique of gradient recalled echo (GRE) data. QSM is useful in depicting both brain anatomy and for detecting abnormalities. Its utility in the context of ischemic stroke has, however, not been extensively character...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-017-0591-x
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preconditioning is a paradigm in which sublethal stress-prior to a more injurious insult-induces protection against injury. In the central nervous system (CNS), preconditioning against ischemic stroke is induced by short durations of ischemia, brief seizures, exposure to anesthetics, and other stresses. Increasing evi...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12975-017-0547-1
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Admission hyperglycemia impacts ischemic stroke deleteriously but the relative role of acute hyperglycemia (HG) versus diabetes in the pathogenesis of this poor outcome is not clear. PURPOSE:To determine the effect of acute HG on neurovascular outcomes of stroke under control and diabetic conditions. METHO...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-011-0083-3
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review focuses on assessment of behavioral outcomes following traumatic brain injury in juvenile animal models. In the 15 years since the first publication in this field, the majority of studies have used rats roughly equivalent to human toddlers in terms of brain development. Few studies have tested ages closer ...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-011-0132-y
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Management of intracranial aneurysms remains controversial. For unruptured aneurysms, many factors should be taken into account before deciding the type of treatment and whether to treat or not. Ruptured aneurysms on the other hand are almost always treated. Still, the question remains what are the indicators that one...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12975-013-0311-0
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For years, strategies have been proposed to improve translational success in stroke research by improving the quality of animal studies. However, articles that report preclinical intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) studies continue to lack adequate qualitative and quantitative descriptions of fresh brain tissue collection....
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-015-0399-5
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathophysiological findings of early brain injury in humans have not permitted conclusive determinations. We explored the essence of this phenomenon by taking intraoperative cortical specimens of Hunt-Kosnik grades IV~V (poor-grade) subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH). From 2013 to 2017, we treated 39 consecutive poor-grad...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-020-00875-0
更新日期：2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) infiltration into brain parenchyma after cerebrovascular accidents is viewed as a key component of secondary brain injury. Interestingly, a recent study of ischemic stroke suggests that after ischemic stroke, PMNs do not enter brain parenchyma and as such may cause no harm to the b...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-014-0341-2
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:RTL1000 is a partial human MHC molecule coupled to a human myelin peptide. We previously demonstrated that RTL1000 was protective against experimental ischemic stroke in HLA-DR2 transgenic (DR2-Tg) mice. Since thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is a standard therapy for stroke, we determ...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-014-0348-8
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the original publication of the article, there was a switched order of author names. ...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi：10.1007/s12975-018-0618-y
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease and a major burden on society. Despite this, pharmacological treatment options are limited. Appropriate animal modelling of SAH is essential for the development of neuroprotective drugs, but experimental SAH often fails to produce widespread neuronal loss, as fre...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-011-0124-y
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurogenesis is essential for a good post-stroke outcome. Exogenous stem cells are currently being tested to promote neurogenesis after stroke. Elsewhere, we demonstrated that treatment with the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone (PGZ) before cerebral ischemia induction reduced brain damage and activated survival-related gene...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-017-0577-8
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although used extensively in stroke research, there is limited knowledge of how 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)-treated rat brain sections are altered and if they can be used for immunohistochemical quantification after staining with TTC. In the present study, we hypothesized that TTC treatment (TTC+) woul...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-017-0604-9
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage comprises of an early phase after the bleeding and a late phase of delayed consequences of the bleeding. The development of delayed injury mechanisms, like the reduction of cerebral blood flow (CBF) due to cerebral vasospasm (CVS), seems mainly to depend on the amount and the duratio...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-015-0392-z
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early infection after stroke is associated with a poor outcome. We aimed to determine whether delayed infections (up to 76 days post-stroke) are associated with poor outcome at 90 days. Data came from the international Efficacy of Nitric Oxide Stroke (ENOS, ISRCTN99414122) trial. Post hoc data on infections were obtai...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s12975-017-0553-3
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increasingly, experimental research in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has investigated early brain injury and the microcirculation. A number of pathophysiological changes occur in the cerebral microvessels after SAH including altered vasoreactivity, vasoconstriction, inflammation, blood-brain barrier impairment, increa...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12975-014-0323-4
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The long-term effects of multiple sport-related concussions are currently at the center of debate in the popular press and scientific community. The question, "How many concussions are too many," is frequently asked in the competitive sport environment by parents, athletes, and coaches. While research suggests that a ...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12975-012-0237-y
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CD8+ T cells are recognized as key players in exacerbation of ischemic stroke; however, the underlying mechanism in modulating the function of CD8+ T cells has not been completely elucidated. Here, we uncovered that FasL enhanced the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells to neurons after ischemic stroke. Inactivation of FasL s...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-019-00749-0
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) is a complication that can occur after carotid endarterectomy (CEA), the treatment of choice to decrease the subsequent risk of fatal or disabling stroke for patients with symptomatic severe stenosis of the carotid artery. Because of its rarity and complexity, the mechanism of th...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-017-0605-8
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hydrocephalus is one of the most common sequelae after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), and it is a large contributor to the condition's high rates of readmission and mortality. Our objective was to quantify the healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and health economic burden incurred by the US health syste...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-019-00697-9
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has dramatically changed our ability to diagnose and treat stroke as well as follow its evolution and response to treatment. Early stroke and ischemia can be visualized using diffusion-weighted imaging that utilizes water diffusion within tissues as a reporter for evolving neuropatholo...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-011-0139-4
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with neurological symptoms and complications including stroke. There is hypercoagulability associated with COVID-19 that is likely a "sepsis-induced coagulopathy" and may predispose to stroke. The SARS-CoV-2 virus binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) present on brain endo...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1007/s12975-020-00818-9
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite ischemic stroke being the fifth leading cause of death in the USA, there are few therapeutic options available. We recently showed that the neuroprotective compound P7C3-A20 reduced brain atrophy, increased neurogenesis, and improved functional recovery when treatment was initiated immediately post-reperfusion...
journal_title：Translational stroke research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12975-017-0565-z
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
