Cellular and molecular mechanisms of new onset seizure generation.

Abstract:

:New onset epilepsy and seizures are common neurological disorders in aged people, second only to stroke and dementia. They are frequently related to other pathological conditions including stroke, trauma, tumors and neurological diseases whereas in about one-third of cases the origin is unknown. Besides the origin, the cellular and molecular events that suddenly trigger seizures are poorly defined. Using an acute model of seizure generation that better resembles new onset seizures, we studied GABAergic interneurons and astrocytes during seizure generation. We found that seizures are preceded by a GABAergic rhythmic hyperactivity that synchronizes pyramidal neurons by inducing a rebound spiking that favors seizures' onset. Furthermore, the intense activity in GABAergic interneurons evokes Ca2+ elevations in astrocytes that, by releasing glutamate, further excite neuronal network. Elucidating the cellular and molecular events that generate seizures may reveal new targets for treatment of new onset seizures and epilepsy.

journal_name

Aging Clin Exp Res

authors

Losi G,Gomez-Gonzalo M,Zonta M,Chiavegato A,Carmignoto G

doi

10.1007/s40520-019-01396-z

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-11-15 00:00:00

eissn

1594-0667

issn

1720-8319

pii

10.1007/s40520-019-01396-z

pub_type

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