Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Infant mortality rates are higher in nonmetropolitan areas versus large metropolitan areas. Variation by race/ethnicity and cause of death has not been assessed. Urban-rural infant mortality rate differences were quantified by race/ethnicity and cause of death. METHODS:National Vital Statistics System linked birth/infant death data (2014-2016) were analyzed in 2019 by 3 urban-rural county classifications: large metropolitan, medium/small metropolitan, and nonmetropolitan. Excess infant mortality rates (rate differences) by urban-rural classification were calculated relative to large metropolitan areas overall and for each racial/ethnic group. The number of excess deaths, population attributable fraction, and proportion of excess deaths attributable to underlying causes of death was calculated. RESULTS:Nonmetropolitan areas had the highest excess infant mortality rate overall. Excess infant mortality rates were substantially lower for Hispanic infants than other races/ethnicities. Overall, 7.4% of infant deaths would be prevented if all areas had the infant mortality rate of large metropolitan areas. With more than half of births occurring outside of large metropolitan areas, the population attributable fraction was highest for American Indian/Alaska Natives (20.3%) and whites, non-Hispanic (14.3%). Excess infant mortality rates in both nonmetropolitan and medium/small metropolitan areas were primarily attributable to sudden unexpected infant deaths (42.3% and 31.9%) and congenital anomalies (30.1% and 26.8%). This pattern was consistent for all racial/ethnic groups except black, non-Hispanic infants, for whom preterm-related and sudden unexpected infant deaths accounted for the largest share of excess infant mortality rates. CONCLUSIONS:Infant mortality increases with rurality, and excess infant mortality rates are predominantly attributable to sudden unexpected infant deaths and congenital anomalies, with differences by race/ethnicity regarding magnitude and cause of death.
journal_name
Am J Prev Medjournal_title
American journal of preventive medicineauthors
Womack LS,Rossen LM,Hirai AHdoi
10.1016/j.amepre.2019.09.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-01 00:00:00pages
254-260issue
2eissn
0749-3797issn
1873-2607pii
S0749-3797(19)30417-9journal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about health and health behavior differences among military service veterans, active duty service members, National Guard/Reserve members, and civilians. Several important differences were identified among U.S. women from these subpopulations; to identify areas for targeted intervention, stud...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.07.029
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Transitions between inpatient and outpatient care and pediatric to adult care are associated with increased mortality for sickle cell disease (SCD) patients. As accurate and timely sharing of health information is essential during transitions, a health information technology (HIT)-enabled tool holds promis...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.02.004
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A questionnaire was sent in 1988 to all sites conducting mammographic studies registered with the radiologic licensing division of the West Virginia State Department of Health Laboratory Services to determine the number of women served and the costs of the procedures. The number of sites, 61, appears excessive in view...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transformation to managed care is one of the most important and complex changes ever to take place in the American health system. One key aspect of this transformation is its implications for public health policy and practice. Both public and private buyers purchase managed care; increasingly, public programs that...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(97)00046-9
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few studies have examined the underweight-morbidity relationship, and those that have were conducted in non-U.S. populations and limited in their evaluation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. PURPOSE:To examine the associations among underweight (along with overweight and obese) and various CVD r...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.08.019
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Active Living by Design's Get Active Orlando partnership (GAO) focused on downtown Orlando's Community Redevelopment Area, including the Parramore Heritage District, home to many low-income and ethnically diverse residents, including many seniors. The area had undergone substantial development, and GAO aimed...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.013
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:If behavior-change services are to be offered routinely in primary care practices, providers must be appropriately compensated. Estimating what is spent by practices in providing such services is a critical component of establishing appropriate payment and was the objective of this study. METHODS:In-practic...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.08.007
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Obesity treatment is less successful for socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, particularly when delivered in primary care. Digital health strategies can extend the reach of clinical obesity treatments to care settings serving patients at highest risk. METHODS:Track was an effectiveness RCT of a 12...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.07.005
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The increase in teenage smoking, and the fact that concern about body weight is given as a reason for smoking initiation by girls, suggest that food intake may be compromised in female teens who smoke. Daily consumption of a variety of foods is important due to the health-protective constituents they contain...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(02)00418-x
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although numerous studies have suggested that lifestyle-related factors are associated with chronic diseases and preventable deaths, limited evidence is available for the Chinese population. METHODS:This study established a prospective cohort of >360,000 residents on the basis of the Yinzhou Health Inform...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2020.01.029
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suicide is a leading cause of death in the U.S. As both the rate and number of suicides continue to climb, the country struggles with how to reverse this alarming trend. Using population-based data from publically available sources including the Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System, National Survey o...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.024
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The English medical literature for the past decade lacks any reports on Papanicolaou (Pap) test status among inner-city adolescent girls. Our objectives were (1) to assess the pattern of Pap test status among inner-city adolescent girls and (2) to ascertain the association of the Pap test status with their k...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Local, state, and national policies that limit the hours that alcoholic beverages may be available for sale might be a means of reducing excessive alcohol consumption and related harms. The methods of the Guide to Community Preventive Services were used to synthesize scientific evidence on the effectiveness of such po...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2010.09.016
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Suicide is a major public health problem and a complex clinical challenge. Assessment and early identification could be enhanced with screening tools that look beyond depression. The purpose of this study was to identify profiles of risk behaviors and social stress associated with suicidal ideation and beh...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2017.02.020
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lifetime direct medical cost of treating type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications in the U.S. is unknown. PURPOSE:This study provides nationally representative estimates of lifetime direct medical costs of treating type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications in people newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2013.04.017
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The National Cancer Institute developed the Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) Study to examine multiple cancer preventive behaviors within parent-adolescent dyads. The purpose of creating FLASHE was to enable the examination of physical activity, diet, and other cancer preventive behaviors and po...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2017.01.028
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:As life expectancy in individuals with congenital hemophilia approaches that of the general population, we hypothesize that public health risks, including overweight and obesity, also follow a similar trend. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION:A search of the literature included terms relating to overweight, sequelae of bein...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.008
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The VERB campaign promoted physical activity to U.S. children aged 9-13 years (tweens) by surrounding them with appealing messages that were associated with the VERB brand and tag line It's what you do! To maximize the impact of the campaign, VERB had a two-level strategy for its marketing. One level was designed to r...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.03.012
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In basic combat training, women experience twice as many injuries as men; however, evidence at the operational Army level is limited. This study aims to investigate the association between gender and injury likelihood while controlling for certain confounding factors in the operational Army. METHODS:Data ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.11.012
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The delivery of effective interventions to assist patients to improve their physical activity and dietary behaviors is a challenge in the busy primary care setting. DESIGN:Cluster RCT with practices randomized to telephone counseling intervention or usual care. Data collection took place from February 2005 ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.042
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Published research indicates that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with increased mortality. However, causes of death among treatment-seeking patients with PTSD remain poorly characterized. The study objective was to describe causes of death among Veterans with PTSD to inform preventive i...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.03.014
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Data suggest that the prevalence of sun-protection behaviors is low (44%) among African Americans; the samples in such studies, however, tended to be small or nonrepresentative. PURPOSE:This article aims to examine the prevalence and correlates of sun-protection behaviors among a large, random, statewide sa...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.10.041
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The accuracy of reports made by male primary care patients of previous screening for prostate cancer with the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay is important for clinical practice, surveillance, and research. METHODS:As part of a clinical trial that evaluated a decision aid for prostate cancer screening,...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00397-x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sedentary time (too much sitting) increasingly is being recognized as a distinct health risk behavior. This paper reviews the reliability and validity of self-reported and device-based sedentary time measures and provides recommendations for their use in population-based studies. The focus is on instruments that have ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.05.005
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Four common factors--cigarette smoking, risky drinking of alcoholic beverages, physical inactivity, and overweight--contribute substantially to chronic disease prevalence. METHODS:We used data from the 2001 National Health Interview Survey to provide an up-to-date picture of multiple risk factor prevalence ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2004.04.017
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Sexual violence, particularly in the context of drinking, is prevalent on college campuses. This study tested a brief intervention to prevent sexual violence among students receiving care from college health centers. STUDY DESIGN:This study was a two-arm, unblinded cluster RCT. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS:On 28...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2020.02.007
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Postnatal depression is highly prevalent in mothers. Although physical activity has been found to reduce the risk of depression in the general population, little is known regarding its link with postnatal depression. This review examined original research investigating the relationship between physical activity...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2013.04.004
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The National Asthma Campaign (NAC) was formed in 1990 as a coalition of the key professional organizations concerned with asthma and its management in Australia. It has conducted multifaceted educational activities targeting health care professionals, people with asthma, and the general public. Between Nov...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The study systematically reviewed articles on the association between tobacco smoking and periodontitis, as it has been hypothesized that smoking affects the course of periodontitis through impairment of immunological and vascular mechanisms. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION:Searches of articles indexed in PubMed, Scopus,...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.02.014
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular fitness has important implications for current and future health in children. PURPOSE:In this paper, criterion-referenced standards are developed for aerobic capacity (an indicator of cardiovascular fitness) based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. METHODS:The sample was draw...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.07.007
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00