Abstract:
:Insufficient T-cell responses contribute to the increased burden of viral respiratory disease in infancy. Neonatal dendritic cells (DCs) often provide defective activation of pathogen-specific T cells through mechanisms that are incompletely understood, which hinders vaccine design for this vulnerable age group. Enhancing our characterization of neonatal DC sub-specialization and function is therefore critical to developing their potential for immunomodulation of T-cell responses. In this study, we engineered respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) to express a model protein, ovalbumin, to track antigen-presenting DCs in vivo. We found that murine neonatal conventional DC1s (cDC1s) efficiently migrated and presented RSV-derived antigen, challenging the paradigm that neonatal DCs are globally immature. In a key observation, however, we discovered that during infection neonatal cDC1s presenting viral antigen were unable to upregulate costimulatory molecules in response to type I interferons (IFN-I), contributing to poor antiviral T-cell responses. Importantly, we showed that the deficient response to IFN-I was also exhibited by human neonatal cDC1s, independent of infection. These findings reveal a functionally distinct response to IFN-I by neonatal cDC1s that may leave young infants susceptible to viral infections, and provide a new target for exploration, in light of failed efforts to design neonatal RSV vaccines.
journal_name
Mucosal Immunoljournal_title
Mucosal immunologyauthors
Lau-Kilby AW,Turfkruyer M,Kehl M,Yang L,Buchholz UJ,Hickey K,Malloy AMWdoi
10.1038/s41385-019-0234-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-03-01 00:00:00pages
371-380issue
2eissn
1933-0219issn
1935-3456pii
10.1038/s41385-019-0234-5journal_volume
13pub_type
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