Gender specific pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations for antimuscarinic drugs for overactive bladder treatment.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Oral bioavailability is one of the most important properties in drug design and development. A poor oral bioavailability can result in low efficacy and unpredictable response to a drug. Several dosages of melatonin have been used for various investigations to clarify its bioavailability in humans. Aiming to s...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Proietti S,Carlomagno G,Dinicola S,Bizzarri M

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is an increasing recognition within the pharmaceutical industry of the importance of the ADME studies in drug registration. Consequently, there has been a drive in recent times to conduct the ADME studies as early as possible in the development programme. There are, however, regulatory barriers, particularly in ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Lappin G,Garner RC

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Bioaccessibility is a growing area of research in the field of risk assessment. As polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants, they are the toxicants of focus to establish cancer risks in humans. Orally ingested PAHs also cause toxicity and even affect the pharmacokinet...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Harris KL,Banks LD,Mantey JA,Huderson AC,Ramesh A

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Drug-disease interactions include the impact of a drug and a particular disease condition on each other. However, the current practice in addressing drug-disease interaction is unbalanced and mostly limited to how the drug worsens the disease or health condition. AREAS COVERED:Aspirin and gastric ulcer in...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Nwose EU,Yee KC

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of the study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two itraconazole 100 mg capsule formulations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:The single-center, open-label, randomized, three-period, three-sequence, reference-replicated, cross-over study included 38 healthy subjects under fed conditions. In each stud...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Dragojević-Simić V,Kovačević A,Jaćević V,Rančić N,Djordjević S,Kilibarda V,Mikov M,Bokonjić D

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:5-Aminosalicylate (5-ASA) agents are the mainstay of oral therapy for ulcerative colitis (UC). Balsalazide, a prodrug of 5-ASA, has recently been approved for the treatment of UC. OBJECTIVE:To summarize current data on balsalazide and to discuss its impact on management of UC. METHODS:A systematic review o...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Wiggins JB,Rajapakse R

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Drug ototoxicity represents one of the main preventable causes of deafness. Ototoxicity is a trait shared by aminoglycoside and macrolide antibiotics, antimalarial medications, loop diuretics, platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents, some NSAIDs and most recently described, acetaminophen when abused with na...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Yorgason JG,Luxford W,Kalinec F

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Cytochromes P450 (P450) and associated monooxygenases are a family of heme proteins involved in metabolism of endogenous compounds (arachidonic acid, eicosanoids and prostaglandins) as also xenobiotics including drugs and environmental chemicals. Liver is the major organ involved in P450-mediated metabolis...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Ravindranath V,Strobel HW

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Multiple myeloma (MM) patients who relapse, or become refractory to currently available novel agents, have limited treatment options with poor outcomes. The introductions of the newer proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib and the immunomodulatory agent pomalidomide have provided new treatment strategies within ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Gay F,Mina R,Troia R,Bringhen S

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:In preliminary clinical studies, aleglitazar, a new dual PPAR-α-γ agonist, has been demonstrated to improve hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review will provide up-to-date information on the clinical safety and efficacy of aleglitazar, which is currently under ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Younk LM,Uhl L,Davis SN

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Enzalutamide is the first approved second-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonist in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with or without docetaxel-based chemotherapy. Over the past 5 years, a number of attempts were made to determine the efficacy of enzalutamide in...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Hong JH

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Pediatric critical illness and associated alterations in organ function can change drug pharmacokinetics (PK). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), a life-saving therapy for severe cardiac and/or respiratory failure, causes additional PK alterations that affect drug disposition. AREAS COVERED:The p...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Himebauch AS,Kilbaugh TJ,Zuppa AF

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:There are few true international meetings dedicated to covering multiple areas of toxicology. The XII International Congress of Toxicology (IUTOX) held from 19 to 23 July 2010 in Barcelona, Spain is one such meeting. The IUTOX is important as its emphasis is on chemical safety and integrating ap...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Anadón A,Valerio LG Jr

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Despite initial patient benefit, drug resistance to first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is inevitable. One of the key mechanisms responsible for the development of acquired drug resistance is the secondary T790M missense mutation in exon 20 of the EGFR kinase domain. Afatinib is an ATP-...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Yap TA,Popat S

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Sesamin is a major lignan found in sesame and is known to have various biological effects. Some of these biological effects occur following its metabolic conversion to corresponding catechols and, therefore, the study of sesamin metabolism is quite important. There is currently a need to identify the enzym...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Yasuda K,Sakaki T

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Type 2 diabetes often involves derangements in lipid levels in addition to insulin resistance and diminishing insulin secretion. Colesevelam hydrochloride, a bile acid sequestrant (BAS), is approved for adjunctive therapy to diet and exercise for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. In clinical studies in ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Younk LM,Davis SN

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Anticancer drugs are characterized by a narrow therapeutic window and significant inter-patient variability in therapeutic and toxic effects. Current body surface area (BSA)-based dosing fails to standardize systemic anticancer drug exposure and other alternative dosing strategies also have their limitations...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Gao B,Klumpen HJ,Gurney H

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has increasingly been recognized that few molecules move across the cell membrane without the assistance of transporter proteins. Large superfamilies of transporter proteins have been identified in every living cell, including microorganisms and mitochondria. This report reviews the role of transporters in physiolo...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Lee EJ,Lean CB,Limenta LM

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes characterized by the development of autoantibodies against the desmosomal proteins, desmoglein-1 and -3. Before the advent of corticosteroids, therapy was almost fatal. The introduction of high-dose corticosteroid therapy has re...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Doukaki S,Pistone G,Aricò M,Bongiorno MR

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Maintaining effective antiretroviral treatment for life is a major problem in both resource-limited and resource-rich countries. Despite the progress observed in paediatric antiretroviral therapy, approximately 12% of children still experience treatment failure due to drug resistance, inadequate dosing and...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Piana C,Danhof M,Della Pasqua O

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Chemoprevention of cancer refers to the use of natural or synthetic compounds to abolish or perturb a variety of steps in tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. This can be realized through different mechanisms, including activation of free radical scavenging enzymes, control of chronic inflammation...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Ismail T,Donati-Zeppa S,Akhtar S,Turrini E,Layla A,Sestili P,Fimognari C

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The goal of pharmacologic therapy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is to reduce the frequency of seizures and achieve a seizure-free state with minimal side effects. However 30% of patients treated with available AEDs continue to experience uncontrolled seizures. There is still need for new AEDs with enhanc...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： de Biase S,Valente M,Gigli GL,Merlino G

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) uptake transporters are important for the disposition of many drugs and perturbed OATP activity can contribute to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). It is well documented that both genetic and environmental factors can alter OATP expression and activity. Genetic fa...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Clarke JD,Cherrington NJ

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Nucleosidic analogs such as pyrimidine and purine derivatives are mainstay in the field of treating cancers, both in adults and in children. All these drugs act as antimetabolite compounds, that is, they interfere with the ability of cancer cells to synthesize the nucleosides or the nucleotides necessary f...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Serdjebi C,Milano G,Ciccolini J

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Drug metabolism is one of the most important processes involving a drug after administration. Undesirable pharmacokinetic properties may lead to drug discontinuation. In the past several decades, a number of drugs have been withdrawn from the market due to safety issues caused by metabolites, especially re...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： He C,Wan H

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Adverse drug reactions with an immune pathogenesis are a problem in the clinic and an impediment to drug development. T lymphocytes are believed to play a role in the pathogenesis; however, the nature of the drug interaction with immune receptors remains an area of debate. AREAS COVERED:This article revie...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Sullivan A,Gibson A,Park BK,Naisbitt DJ

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:If a drug is found to be an inducer of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes via activation of nuclear receptors such as pregnane X receptor (PXR) or constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), it is likely that drug transporters regulated through these same receptors will be induced as well. This review highlight...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Amacher DE

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Chronic constipation is a frequent condition often treated pharmacologically. The laxatives available belong to very different pharmacologic groups. AREAS COVERED:This is a short but comprehensive review of the pharmacology, efficacy and safety of currently available laxatives for chronic constipation. Pe...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Müller-Lissner S

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Invasive fungal infections remain a leading cause of infectious morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. There are relatively few effective antifungal agents, and currently available agents all have significant limitations. Isavuconazole is a novel second-generation triazole with broad-spectr...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Livermore J,Hope W

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Therapeutic hypothermia is being employed clinically due to its neuro-protective benefits. Both critical illness and therapeutic hypothermia significantly affect drug disposition, potentially contributing to drug-therapy and drug-disease interactions. Currently, there is limited information on the known al...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Zhou J,Poloyac SM

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00