Abstract:
:Human gut bacteria metabolize dietary components such as choline and carnitine to trimethylamine (TMA) that is subsequently oxidized to trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) by hepatic enzymes. Increased plasma levels of TMAO are associated with the development of cardiovascular and renal disease. In this study, we applied gene-targeted assays in order to quantify (qPCR) and characterize (MiSeq) bacterial genes encoding enzymes responsible for TMA production, namely choline-TMA lyase (CutC), carnitine oxygenase (CntA) and betaine reductase (GrdH) in 89 fecal samples derived from various mammals spanning three dietary groups (carnivores, omnivores and herbivores) and four host orders (Carnivora, Primates, Artiodactyla and Perissodactyla). All samples contained potential TMA-producing bacteria, however, at low abundances (<1.2% of total community). The cutC gene was more abundant in omnivores and carnivores compared with herbivores. CntA was almost absent from herbivores and grdH showed lowest average abundance of all three genes. Bacteria harboring cutC and grdH displayed high diversities where sequence types affiliated with various taxa within Firmicutes dominated, whereas cntA comprised sequences primarily linked to Escherichia. Composition of TMA-forming communities was strongly influenced by diet and host taxonomy and despite their high correlation, both factors contributed uniquely to community structure. Furthermore, Random Forest (RF) models could differentiate between groups at high accuracies. This study gives a comprehensive overview of potential TMA-producing bacteria in the mammalian gut demonstrating that both diet and host taxonomy govern their abundance and composition. It highlights the role of functional redundancy sustaining potential TMA formation in distinct gut environments.
journal_name
Front Microbioljournal_title
Frontiers in microbiologyauthors
Rath S,Rud T,Pieper DH,Vital Mdoi
10.3389/fmicb.2019.02966subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-09 00:00:00pages
2966issn
1664-302Xjournal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The thermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius can use different carbon sources for growth, including the pentoses D-xylose and L-arabinose. In this study, we identified the activator XylR (saci_2116) responsible for the transcriptional regulation of the pentose transporter and pentose metabolizing genes in S. ac...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01066
更新日期:2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::Plant growth and productivity depend on the interactions of the plant with the associated rhizosphere microbes. Rhizosphere protists play a significant role in this respect: considerable efforts have been made in the past to reveal the impact of protist-bacteria interactions on the remobilization of essential nutrient...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00857
更新日期:2018-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::The role of food in human exposure to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria is a growing food safety issue. The contribution of fruits and vegetables eaten raw to this exposure is still unclear. The evaluation of contamination levels of fruits, vegetables and the agricultural environment by third-generation cephalosporin (...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01569
更新日期:2017-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::Styrene is one of the most produced and processed chemicals worldwide and is released into the environment during widespread processing. But, it is also produced from plants and microorganisms. The natural occurrence of styrene led to several microbiological strategies to form and also to degrade styrene. One pathway ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00490
更新日期:2018-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::To successfully infect plants, viruses replicate in an initially infected cell and then move to neighboring cells through plasmodesmata (PDs). However, the nature of the viral entity that crosses over the cell barrier into non-infected ones is not clear. The membrane-associated 6K2 protein of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00351
更新日期:2013-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Hantaviruses are zoonotic agents that cause hemorrhagic fevers and are thought to be transmitted to humans by exposure to aerosolized excreta of infected rodents. Puumala virus (PUUV) is the predominant endemic hantavirus in Europe. A large proportion of PUUV-infected patients suffer from gastrointestinal ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01721
更新日期:2017-09-08 00:00:00
abstract::Next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are becoming routinely employed in different fields of virus research. Different sequencing platforms and sample preparation approaches, in the laboratories worldwide, contributed to a revolution in detection and discovery of plant viruses and viroids. In this work, we are...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01998
更新日期:2017-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::The respiratory diseases caused by rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza virus represent a large social and financial burden on healthcare worldwide. Although all three viruses have distinctly unique properties in terms of infection and replication, they share the ability to exploit/manipulate the hos...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00848
更新日期:2015-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrogen sulfide is a toxic and corrosive gas, produced by the activity of sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM). Owing to the environmental, economic and human-health consequences of sulfide, there is interest in developing specific inhibitors of SRM. Recent studies have identified perchlorate as a promising emerging...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00654
更新日期:2019-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacteria are unique in many aspects of their biology. The development of genetic tools to identify genes critical for their growth by forward genetic analysis holds great promises to advance our understanding of their cellular, physiological and biochemical processes. Here we report the development of a novel tran...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.03091
更新日期:2020-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::The practice of inoculating forage legumes with rhizobia strains is widespread. It is assumed that the inoculated strain determines the performance of the symbiosis and nitrogen fixation rates. However, native-naturalized strains can be competitive, and actual nodule occupancy is often scarcely investigated. In conseq...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00768
更新日期:2019-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::Climate, soil, and grape varieties are the primary characteristics of terroir and lead to the definition of various appellations of origin. However, the microbiota associated with grapes are also affected by these conditions and can leave a footprint in a wine that will be part of the characteristics of terroir. Thus,...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00930
更新日期:2016-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Alphaviruses and flaviviruses are important human pathogens that include Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Dengue virus (DENV), and Zika virus (ZIKV), which can cause diseases in humans ranging from arthralgia to hemorrhagic fevers and microcephaly. It was previously shown that treatment with surface layer (S-layer) protein,...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00810
更新日期:2019-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::The intestinal microbial composition and metabolic functions under normal physiological conditions in the donkey are crucial for health and production performance. However, compared with other animal species, limited information is currently available regarding the intestinal microbiota of donkeys. In the present stud...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.596882
更新日期:2020-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::The use of excess conventional Phosphorus (P) fertilizers to improve agricultural productivity, in order to meet constantly increasing global food demand, potentially causes surface and ground water pollution, waterway eutrophication, soil fertility depletion, and accumulation of toxic elements such as high concentrat...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00971
更新日期:2017-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::The mycorrhizal symbiosis between soil fungi and plant roots is a ubiquitous mutualism that plays key roles in plant nutrition, soil health, and carbon cycling. The symbiosis evolved repeatedly and independently as multiple morphotypes [e.g., arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM), ectomycorrhizal (ECM)] in multiple fungal clade...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00582
更新日期:2014-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::Emerging strains of Bacillus cereus, traditionally considered a self-limiting foodborne pathogen, have been associated with anthrax-like disease in mammals, including humans. The strains have emerged by divergent evolution and, as exchange of genetic material in the Bacillus genus occurs naturally, it is possible that...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01731
更新日期:2020-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhimurium strains, especially the ACSSuT and nalidixic acid R types, has significantly compromised the effectiveness of current strategies to control Salmonella infections, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Clinical S. typhimurium isolates recovered in Hong K...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00521
更新日期:2014-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Arid regions show relatively fewer species in comparison to better-watered biomes, but the competition for the few nutrients is very distinct. Here, in total 373 bacterial strains were isolated from rhizospheric soils obtained from three different sampling sites in Tunisia. Their potential for the production of antimi...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02742
更新日期:2018-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Sterols are essential components of eukaryotic cells whose biosynthesis and function has been studied extensively. Sterols are also recognized as the diagenetic precursors of steranes preserved in sedimentary rocks where they can function as geological proxies for eukaryotic organisms and/or aerobic metabolisms and en...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00990
更新日期:2016-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Listeria monocytogenes has become one of the principal foodborne pathogens worldwide. The capacity of this bacterium to grow at low temperatures has opened an interesting field of study in terms of the identification and classification of new strains of L. monocytogenes with different growth capacities at low temperat...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00229
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential effectors of the host innate immune system and they represent promising molecules for the treatment of multidrug resistant microbes. A better understanding of microbial resistance to these defense peptides is thus prerequisite for the control of infectious diseases. Here, us...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.611220
更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::The threat of bioterrorism and pandemics has highlighted the urgency for rapid and reliable bioaerosol detection in different environments. Safeguarding against such threats requires continuous sampling of the ambient air for pathogen detection. In this study we investigated the efficacy of the Airborne Sample Analysi...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00512
更新日期:2015-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::The ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium Legionella pneumophila parasitizes environ mental amoebae and, upon inhalation, replicates in alveolar macrophages, thus causing a life-threatening pneumonia called "Legionnaires' disease." The opportunistic pathogen employs a bi-phasic life cycle, alternating between a replicati...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00079
更新日期:2017-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Photobacteria are common psychrophilic bacteria found in marine environments. Recently, several studies revealed high numbers of Photobacterium (P.) spp. on packaged fresh meat. Their occurrence appears relevant for the spoilage of meat, since species of the genus are already known as potent fish spoilage organisms. H...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02399
更新日期:2019-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Bifidobacterium species are used as probiotics to provide beneficial effects to humans. These effects are specific to some species or subspecies of Bifidobacterium. However, some Bifidobacterium species or subspecies are not distinguished because similarity of 16S rRNA and housekeeping gene sequences within Bifidobact...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.02087
更新日期:2020-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::Food contamination by staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) is responsible for many food poisoning outbreaks (FPOs) each year, and they represent the third leading cause of FPOs in Europe. SEs constitute a protein family with 27 proteins. However, enzyme immunoassays can only detect directly in food the five classical SEs...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01483
更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Active volcanoes in Antarctica contrast with their predominantly cold surroundings, resulting in environmental conditions capable of selecting for versatile and extremely diverse microbial communities. This is especially true on Deception Island, where geothermal, marine, and polar environments combine to create an ex...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00899
更新日期:2018-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Altered gut microbiota are assumed to be involved in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, gut microbiota alterations reported in different studies are divergent and sometimes even contradictory. To better elucidate the relationship between altered gut microbiota and IBS, we characterized fecal ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01600
更新日期:2018-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, disease progression in animal models of Q fever has been carried out using PCR to monitor the presence of Coxiella burnetii DNA in the host. However, the colonization and dissemination of other bacterial infections in animal models are tracked using viable counts, enabling an accurate assessment of viabl...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01552
更新日期:2019-07-16 00:00:00