Abstract:
:Cross-talk between the gut microbiota and neurochemicals affects health and well-being of animals. However, little is known about this interaction in chickens despite their importance in food production. Probiotics and live Salmonella vaccines are microbial products commonly given orally to layer pullets to improve health and ensure food safety. This study's objective was to determine how these oral treatments, individually or in combination, would impact the gut environment of chickens. White Leghorn chicks were either non-treated (CON) or orally given probiotics (PRO), a recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccine (RASV; VAX), or both (P+V). Birds were fed with probiotics daily beginning at 1-day-old and orally immunized with RASV at 4-days-old and boosted 2 weeks post-primary vaccination. At 5 weeks, ceca content, ceca tissues, and small intestinal scrapings (SISs) were collected from ten birds/group post-euthanasia for analyses. Catecholamine, but not serotonergic, metabolism was affected by treatments. Dopamine metabolism, indicated by L-DOPA and DOPAC levels, were increased in P+V birds versus CON and PRO birds. Based on 16S sequencing, beta diversity was more similar among vaccinated birds versus birds given probiotics, suggesting live Salmonella vaccination has a major selective pressure on microbial diversity. Abundances of Akkermansia muciniphila and Enterobacteriaceae positively correlated with levels of tyrosine and norepinephrine, respectively. Both enumeration and 16S sequencing, determined that PRO exhibited the greatest levels of Enterobacteriaceae in the ceca and feces, which was associated with greater IgA production against E. coli virulence factors as tested by ELISA. In summary, we demonstrate that using probiotics alone versus in combination with a live vaccine has major implications in catecholamine production and the microbiota of layer pullets. Additionally, unique correlations between changes in some neurochemicals and specific bacteria have been shown.
journal_name
Front Microbioljournal_title
Frontiers in microbiologyauthors
Redweik GAJ,Daniels K,Severin AJ,Lyte M,Mellata Mdoi
10.3389/fmicb.2019.03064subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-15 00:00:00pages
3064issn
1664-302Xjournal_volume
10pub_type
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journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
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pub_type: 已发布勘误
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journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00273
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journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01214
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journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00719
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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