5-Aminolevulinic Acid False Positives in Cerebral Neuro-Oncology: Not All That Is Fluorescent Is Tumor. A Case-Based Update and Literature Review.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:One of the most valuable innovations in high-grade glioma surgery is 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Fluorescence is a specific and sensitive indicator of metabolically active tumor tissue. In the published literature, the main focus has been placed on false-negative cases, with only a few articles addressing false positivity. The aim of the article was to highlight settings in which 5-ALA fluorescence does not necessarily mean tumor and to point out conditions in which intraoperative 5-ALA fluorescence has to be critically interpreted. METHODS:Using PubMed, a review of pertinent literature was done to specifically investigate all conditions, including non-neoplastic and other metabolically active lesions, that can mimic high-grade gliomas and cause a misleading intraoperative diagnosis. In addition, an institutional case characterized by strong 5-ALA fluorescence in radionecrosis is presented. RESULTS:Literature results were grouped in 2 main categories according to the field of application: oncologic setting (9 articles and 1 institutional case) and nononcologic settings (5 articles). CONCLUSIONS:As reported, 5-ALA-induced fluorescence is not limited to glioma but is also evident in nonglioma and non-neoplastic conditions. Critical interpretation of intraoperative fluorescence is therefore mandatory in recurrences and in atypical cases that might hinder alternative diagnoses.

journal_name

World Neurosurg

journal_title

World neurosurgery

authors

La Rocca G,Sabatino G,Menna G,Altieri R,Ius T,Marchese E,Olivi A,Barresi V,Della Pepa GM

doi

10.1016/j.wneu.2020.01.238

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-05-01 00:00:00

pages

187-193

eissn

1878-8750

issn

1878-8769

pii

S1878-8750(20)30256-4

journal_volume

137

pub_type

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