Abstract：
AIMS:The suitability of composting for disposal of livestock mortalities due to Bacillus anthracis was assessed by measuring viability of surrogate spores from two strains each of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus thuringiensis after a heating cycle modelled on a cattle composting study. METHODS AND RESULTS:Sporulation was attempted from 10 to 37°C, but poor yields at lower temperatures resulted in 25, 30 and 37°C being selected to generate sufficient spores (8 log10 CFU ml(-1) ) for experiments. Spores were inoculated into 3 g autoclaved dried-ground compost rehydrated with 6 ml water or silica beads in a factorial design for each strain, sporulation temperature, matrix and sampling day (0, 25, 50, 100, 150). Maximum incubation temperature was 62°C, but spores were maintained at ≥55°C for 78 of 150 days. Although significant differences existed among Bacillus strains and sporulation temperatures, numbers of viable spores after 150 days averaged 1·3 log10 CFU g(-1) , a 5·2 log10 reduction from day 0. CONCLUSIONS:Spore inactivation was likely due to heat and desiccation as matrices were autoclaved prior to incubation, negating impacts of microflora. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY:Results support composting for disposal of anthrax mortalities, provided long-term thermophillic heating is achieved. Due to limited sporulation at 10°C, livestock mortalities from anthrax at this or lower ambient temperatures would likely be of lower risk for disease transmission.
journal_name
J Appl Microbioljournal_title
Journal of applied microbiologyauthors
Stanford K,Harvey A,Barbieri R,Xu S,Reuter T,Amoako KK,Selinger LB,McAllister TAdoi
10.1111/jam.12991subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
90-8issue
1eissn
1364-5072issn
1365-2672journal_volume
120pub_type
杂志文章abstract：AIMS:To study the behaviour of salmonellae inoculated in the dry, raw materials, related to chocolate confectionery manufacture, as affected by the strain, cell preparation method and storage temperature. METHODS AND RESULTS:Outbreak and non outbreak-associated salmonellae were used for the inoculation of cocoa butter...
journal_title：Journal of applied microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of applied microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01109.x
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of applied microbiology
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更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of applied microbiology
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journal_title：Journal of applied microbiology
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更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of applied microbiology
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doi：10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02760.x
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journal_title：Journal of applied microbiology
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doi：10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04544.x
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
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doi：10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03698.x
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of applied microbiology
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更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
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abstract：:Raw milk from 27 farms was sampled over 6 months for listerias, salmonellas, Yersinia enterocolitica and campylobacters. Total bacterial counts and somatic cell counts were measured. Lactococci, lactobacilli, dextran-producing leuconostocs, Brevibacterium linens, yeasts and moulds, Staphylococcus aureus and other Micr...
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