Abstract:
:Objectives. To evaluate how lowering the blood lead level (BLL) intervention threshold affects childhood lead testing policy.Methods. We geocoded 4.19 million Illinois lead testing records (2001-2016) and linked to 2.37 million birth records (2001-2014), data on housing age, industrial emissions, and roads. We used multinomial logistic regression to determine predictors of BLLs of 10 micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL) or greater, 5 to 9 µg/dL, and 4 µg/dL.Results. We found that 2.2% of children had BLLs of 10 µg/dL or greater, 8.9% had BLLs of 5 to 9 µg/dL, and 5.7% had BLLs of 4 µg/dL. Pre-1930 housing was associated with more than 2- to 4-fold increased relative risk of BLLs above all thresholds. Housing built in 1951 to 1978 was associated with increased relative risk of BLLs of 5 to 9 µg/dL (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06, 1.21) but not with increased relative risk of BLLs of 10 µg/dL or greater (RRR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.84, 1.16). At a given address, previous BLLs of 5 to 9 µg/dL or BLLs of 10 µg/dL or greater were associated with increased risk of BLLs of 5 to 9 µg/dL or BLLs of 10 µg/dL or greater among current occupants by 2.37- (95% CI = 2.20, 2.54) fold and 4.08- (95% CI = 3.69, 4.52) fold, respectively.Conclusions. The relative importance of determinants of above-threshold BLLs changes with decreasing intervention thresholds.Public Health Implications. States may need to update lead screening guidelines when decreasing the intervention threshold.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Abbasi A,Pals B,Gazze Ldoi
10.2105/AJPH.2020.305566subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-05-01 00:00:00pages
734-740issue
5eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
110pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:Prenatal care is commonly understood to have a beneficial impact on birthweight. This study describes socioeconomic differences in utilization of prenatal medical care and birthweight in a population with universal health insurance. METHODS:Measures of prenatal care utilization, incidence of pregnancy compl...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.9.1450
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined associations between immigration and acculturation attributes and oral disease among immigrants. METHODS:We conducted a large cross-sectional study of 1318 immigrants in New York City. We performed comprehensive interviews and oral examinations of the participants and used linear regression mode...
journal_title:American journal of public health
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abstract::Curriculum development in masters of public health programs that effectively meets the complex challenges of the 21st century is an important part of public health education and requires purposeful thinking. Current approaches to training the public health work-force do not adequately prepare professionals to be cultu...
journal_title:American journal of public health
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doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.062950
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined trends and differentials in US childhood mortality from 1950 through 1993 according to sex, race/ethnicity, education, family income, and cause of death. METHODS:Log-linear, multiple regression, and Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to the data from the National Vit...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.86.4.505
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secular changes in height and weight measurements were examined in five- to 14-year-olds from 1973 to 1984. The age-sex specific 85th percentile was used to classify persons as overweight (based on ponderal index; kg/m3). Secular increases in weight (2.5 kg), and ponderosity (0.5-0.7 kg/m3) were found. Gains in ponder...
journal_title:American journal of public health
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doi:10.2105/ajph.78.1.75
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.185280
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.10.1615
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
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更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302071
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.6.960
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302132
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301004
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Cocaine use among youths as measured by several annual surveys was most popular from about 1979 to 1986, after which it declined. This study carefully examines the nature of the decline by focusing on microdata for youthful arrestees in Manhattan. METHODS:Multiple statistical analyses examine whether the de...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.8.1250
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::State government, university, and local health department (LHD) partners collaborated to build the geographic information system (GIS) capacity of 5 LHDs in North Carolina. Project elements included procuring hardware and software, conducting individualized and group training, developing data layers, guiding the proje...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.048785
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a package of roadway modifications in New York City funded under the Safe Routes to School (SRTS) program. METHODS:We used a Markov model to estimate long-term impacts of SRTS on injury reduction and the associated savings in medical costs, lifelong disability, and deat...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.301868
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
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更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This analysis compares the rates of spontaneous abortion among women living in the vicinity of a lead smelter with those of women living in a town where blood lead levels were low. Data derive from the obstetric histories of both groups of women obtained while seeking prenatal care for a later pregnancy. A total of 63...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
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更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.165001
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postabortion care providers who breach patient confidentiality endanger women's health and violate ethics. A 1998 abortion ban in El Salvador likely spurred an increase in the number of women investigated, because many women were reported to legal authorities by health care providers. Having analyzed safeguards of con...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.071720
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
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更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of public health
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journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.5.464
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00