Abstract:
:N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists, including ketamine and nitrous oxide, are currently intensely studied as rapid-acting antidepressant agents. Interestingly, both of these compounds are also drugs of abuse. Intravenous ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic that induces complex downstream effects via NMDARs, rapidly reduces depressive and suicidal symptoms in treatment-resistant depression (TRD), as demonstrated by several trials. Recently, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved an intranasal version of ketamine (esketamine) for TRD. The United States Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) lists ketamine as a Class III scheduled drug (moderate-low potential for physical and psychological abuse). The FDA has established a Risk Evaluation and Management Strategy (REMS) program to ensure proper drug storage, handling, dispensing, and monitoring intranasal esketamine to minimize misuse/abuse opportunities. Nitrous Oxide is a colorless, odorless, gas that has been in medical use for over 150 years. The mechanisms of action of nitrous oxide are not fully understood; however, it is known to act as a non-competitive inhibitor of NMDA-type glutamate receptors. Currently, nitrous oxide is used for inhalational general anesthesia and analgesia for short procedures. Inhaled nitrous oxide is also used recreationally, primarily by teens and young adults, but is not believed to have strong addiction potential. In contrast to ketamine, nitrous oxide is not a controlled substance and can be legally purchased without a prescription. A recent double-blind, prospective, cross-over study demonstrated that nitrous oxide reduced depressive symptoms in a group of severely ill TRD patients. Though this is a promising initial study, further investigation is needed.
journal_name
J Neurol Scijournal_title
Journal of the neurological sciencesauthors
Kalmoe MC,Janski AM,Zorumski CF,Nagele P,Palanca BJ,Conway CRdoi
10.1016/j.jns.2020.116778subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-05-15 00:00:00pages
116778eissn
0022-510Xissn
1878-5883pii
S0022-510X(20)30114-3journal_volume
412pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:The treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is still disappointing. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been suggested to modify the rate of disease progression in ALS. OBJECTIVE:In a pilot controlled study, we tested the effect of 5-Hz rTMS on motor performance, fatigue and qua...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2008.01.011
更新日期:2008-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Laryngeal stridor is recognized as a characteristic clinical manifestation in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). However, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying this symptom are controversial. Neurogenic atrophy of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle has been identified in cases of MSA, suggesting that larynge...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2016.01.007
更新日期:2016-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Paradoxical embolism to the cerebral circulation is often difficult to diagnose clinically. We report a case that illustrates the usefulness of transesophageal echocardiography in the detection of paradoxical embolism. An 84-year-old woman presented with bilateral hemispheric strokes. Despite the presence of atrial fi...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2007.01.006
更新日期:2007-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Previously, we demonstrated that neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is activated and promotes muscle atrophy in skeletal muscle during tail suspension, a model of unloading and denervation. Here, we examined patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and mutant (H46R) SOD1 transgenic (Tg) mice model using im...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2010.03.022
更新日期:2010-07-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2004.06.009
更新日期:2004-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Affective disorders and personality changes have long been considered pre-motor aspects of Parkinson's disease (PD). Many authors have used the term "premorbid personality" to define distinctive features of PD patients' personality characterized by reduced exploration of new environmental stimuli or potential reward s...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2017.01.013
更新日期:2017-03-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2019.04.029
更新日期:2019-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::We found that fused human muscle in culture supports neurotropic influenza A viral infection, as demonstrated by viral growth experiments, hemadsorption, observation of cytopathic changes and detection of intracellular viral antigen. The time of peak virion production and the appearance of cytopathic effects in these ...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(78)90101-6
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2020.116830
更新日期:2020-07-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(81)90084-8
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2008.04.027
更新日期:2008-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnosis of vascular dementia (VaD) remains a controversial issue in many aspects and concepts. These nosologic problems are caused both by the methods, insufficient to ascertain the diagnosis, as well as by the weak consistency of the clinical concept of VaD itself. One of the most intriguing issues on VaD, and ...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2007.01.055
更新日期:2007-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::There are many tools for differentiating between multiple system atrophy with predominant parkinsonian features (MSA-P) and Parkinson's disease (PD). These include middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) width, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of the putamen and cerebellum, and (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG)...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2016.06.061
更新日期:2016-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The in vivo diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may be facilitated by cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in combination with imaging and clinical assessments. By determining the concentration of beta amyloid fragments, total tau (t-tau) and phospho-tau (p-tau), it is possible to detect the conversion of mild cogn...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2009.02.343
更新日期:2009-08-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2018.01.012
更新日期:2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cases of adult-onset idiopathic motor neuron disease (MND) identified from January 1970 through December 1986 were studied in a defined area of California. The patients were followed prospectively throughout the illness in 99% of cases. Among 708 cases aged 25-74 years at onset, the most common type (86%) was typical,...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(93)90245-t
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite availability of harmonized criteria for the investigation of patients with presumed "vascular cognitive impairment (VCI)" there exists no clear definition of VCI. The challenge lies in the definition of those vascular components being responsible for the cognitive-behavioural decline of elderly patients. We ad...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2010.08.031
更新日期:2010-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Predicting clinical outcome is one of the major and most interesting issues in MS patients. If the global evolution of disability (usually chosen levels on the Kurtzke's Disability Status Scale) has been widely studied, much less is known about the progression of disability during the secondary progressive phase of th...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0022-510x(02)00426-4
更新日期:2003-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hemifacial spasm is characterised by unilateral contractions of the facial muscles. Though considered to be benign by many people, it can lead to functional blindness and a poor quality of life due to social embarrassment for the suffering individual. Botulinum toxin therapy is an excellent noninvasive tool to treat t...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2015.06.032
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abstract::Friedreich Ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder most commonly caused by guanine-adenine-adenine (GAA) trinucleotide repeat expansions in both alleles of the FXN gene. Although progressive ataxia remains the hallmark clinical feature, patients with FRDA are at high risk of developing cardi...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2017.01.027
更新日期:2017-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Severe weakness of lower cranial and girdle muscles has been found in 4 subjects among 20 dialysis patients treated with carnitine in order to correct their high plasma triglyceride level. Neurophysiological investigation showed an impairment of neuromuscular transmission with short-term reduction of evoked muscle res...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(80)90061-1
更新日期:1980-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2010.12.011
更新日期:2011-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::In order to investigate the expression of endothelin-like immunoreactivity in astrocytes of viral infections of the human brain the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method and a polyclonal antiserum were used. Autopsy material was obtained from 5 cases of herpes simplex encephalitis, two of progressive multifocal leuk...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(94)90271-2
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropsychological impairment is a common manifestation in multiple sclerosis (MS) and is found in 40-60% of patients. The pattern of cognitive impairment in MS is characterized by difficulties in recent memory, sustained attention, executive functions and information processing speed. These cognitive deficits have a ...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2005.07.021
更新日期:2006-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::A monoclonal antibody (MAb) raised against central nervous system (CNS) myelin (212) and a MAb (308) raised against brain with Semliki Forest virus (SFV) were both found to react against the same CNS glycolipids. Both these MAbs were also found to react strongly with SFV and against certain brain glycolipid fractions ...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(86)90144-9
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-substance addictive behaviors may involve repetitive rewarding behaviors including gambling, gaming, sexual activities, internet-use, and buying-shopping. In addictions, there exists diminished control over participation in the behaviors and continuation of the behaviors despite experiencing negative consequences....
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2020.116952
更新日期:2020-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been associated with poor outcomes in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about the role of NLR in patients with thromboembolic stroke due to atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to compare the NLR ratios between non-valvular AF patients with or...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2012.09.032
更新日期:2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The progression of clinical disease and serum creatine kinase (CK) levels in canine X-linked muscular dystrophy (CXMD) was studied in 7 dogs from birth to 12-14 months and in 18 dogs at varying intervals from birth to 8 weeks. One affected male was studied from age 3.5 to 6 years, and all pups were descendants of this...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(88)90206-7
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ischemic stroke is the end phenotype of a complex interaction between various genetic and environmental factors. OBJECTIVE:We aimed to explore association of two lipid-relevant genetic variants and conventional risk factors with risk of having ischemic stroke in Northern Han Chinese. METHODS:Genotyping was...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2008.09.013
更新日期:2009-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0022-510x(97)00150-0
更新日期:1997-11-06 00:00:00