Abstract:
:Measles caused an estimated minimum of one million fatalities annually before vaccination. Outstanding progress towards controlling the virus has been made since the measles vaccine was introduced, but reduction of measles case-fatalities has stalled at around 100,000 annually for the last decade and a 2019 resurgence in several geographical regions threatens some of these past accomplishments. Whereas measles eradication through vaccination is feasible, a potentially open-ended endgame of elimination may loom. Other than doubling-down on existing approaches, is it worthwhile to augment vaccination efforts with antiviral therapeutics to solve the conundrum? This question is hypothetical at present, since no drugs have yet been approved specifically for the treatment of measles, or infection by any other pathogen of the paramyxovirus family. This article will consider obstacles that have hampered anti-measles and anti-paramyxovirus drug development, discuss MeV-specific challenges of clinical testing, and define drug properties suitable to address some of these problems.
journal_name
Curr Opin Viroljournal_title
Current opinion in virologyauthors
Plemper RKdoi
10.1016/j.coviro.2020.02.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-01 00:00:00pages
8-17eissn
1879-6257issn
1879-6265pii
S1879-6257(20)30008-0journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Rotaviruses are members of the Reoviridae family of non-enveloped viruses and important etiologic agents of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children. In recent years, high-resolution structures of triple-layered rotavirus virions and the constituent proteins have provided valuable insights into functions. O...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2012.04.005
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::With a few exceptions, vaccines for viruses that cause hemorrhagic fever remain unavailable or lack well-documented efficacy. In the past decade this has not been due to a lack of the ability to develop vaccine platforms against highly pathogenic viruses, but rather the lack of will/interest to invest in platforms tha...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2013.04.007
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Messenger RNAs are decorated by a cap structure, which is essential for their translation into proteins. Many viruses have developed strategies in order to cap their mRNAs. The cap is either synthetized by a subset of viral or cellular enzymes, or stolen from capped cellular mRNAs by viral endonucleases ('cap-snatchin...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2017.04.003
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drinking waters are treated for enteric virus via a number of disinfection techniques including chemical oxidants, irradiation, and heat, however the inactivation mechanisms during disinfection remain elusive. Owing to the fact that a number of significant waterborne virus strains are not readily culturable in vitro a...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2011.11.003
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viruses can suffer 'life-history' trade-offs that prevent simultaneous improvement in fitness traits, such as improved intrahost reproduction at the expense of reduced extrahost survival. Here we examine reproduction-survival trade-offs and other trait compromises, highlighting that experimental evolution can reveal t...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2014.07.005
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA is potently immunostimulatory, and self-DNA is packaged in the nucleus or mitochondria allowing it to remain silent to cell-intrinsic sensors. However, damaged or mislocalised self-DNA is sensed by our innate immune systems, resulting in the production of type I interferons (IFNI), chemokines and inflammatory cyto...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2015.08.001
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Once considered an inevitable consequence of HIV treatment, drug resistance is declining. This decline supports the hypothesis that antiretroviral therapy can arrest replication and prevent the evolution of resistance. Further support comes from excellent clinical outcomes, the failure of treatment intensification to ...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2013.08.007
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::While viral latency remains one of the biggest challenges for successful antiviral therapy, it has also inspired mathematical modelers to develop dynamical system approaches with the aim of predicting the impact of drug efficacy on disease progression and the persistence of latent viral reservoirs. In this review we p...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2013.06.015
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of new vaccines are being developed against microbial pathogens that might be used as bioweapons. For some of these vaccines, because of the lack of endemic disease and the lethal nature of the disease, human efficacy studies would not be ethical or feasible to conduct. In such cases, a regulation, known as t...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2012.01.004
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::True retroviruses are not known in plants; however, plant pararetroviruses (caulimoviridae) share many retroviral properties, replicating by transcription in the nucleus followed by reverse transcription in the cytoplasm. Pararetroviruses have circular DNA genomes that do not integrate into the host genome, and displa...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2013.08.013
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::"What I cannot create, I do not understand." Richard Feynman may have championed reasoning from first principles in his famous blackboard missive, but he could just as well have been referring to the plight of a molecular virologist. What cannot be grown in a controlled laboratory setting, we cannot fully understand. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2019.02.008
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) infections are associated with the development of anogenital cancers, in particular cervical cancer, and a subset of head and neck cancers. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to the development and progression of HPV-induced malignancies. miRNAs are s...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2019.07.002
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of new virus discovery is increasing dramatically with improvements in sequencing and other molecular diagnostic platforms, and investments in sample collection and analysis. However, progress has been more limited in identification and implication of infectious agents that pose threats to human health and we...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2011.10.010
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral proteins have enabled the design of selective and efficacious treatments for viral diseases. While focus in this area has been on viral enzymes, it appears that multifunctional viral proteins may be even more susceptible to small molecule interference. As exemplified by HIV capsid, small molecule inhibitors can ...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2014.02.002
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Structures of RT and its complexes combined with biochemical and clinical data help in illuminating the molecular mechanisms of different drug-resistance mutations. The NRTI drugs that are used in combinations have different primary mutation sites. RT mutations that confer resistance to one drug can be hypersensitive ...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2013.03.014
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A common characteristic of virus capsids is icosahedral symmetry, yet these highly symmetric structures can display asymmetric features within their virions and undergo asymmetric dynamics. The fields of structural and computational biology have entered a new realm in the investigation of virus infection mechanisms, w...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2020.06.002
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Begomoviruses comprise an emerging and economically important group of plant viruses exclusively transmitted by the sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci in many regions of the world. The past twenty years have witnessed significant progress in studying the molecular interactions between members of this virus group and ...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2015.06.008
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The three types of interferon (IFNs) are essential for immunity against at least some viruses in the mouse model of experimental infections, type I IFNs displaying the broadest and strongest anti-viral activity. Consistently, human genetic studies have shown that type II IFN is largely redundant for immunity against v...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2011.10.016
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::West Nile virus remains the most common cause of arboviral encephalitis in North America. Since it was introduced, it has undergone adaptive genetic change as it spread throughout the continent. The WNV transmission cycle is relatively tractable in the laboratory. Thus the virus serves as a convenient model system for...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2016.09.007
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dengue is the most important arboviral disease world-wide with an estimated 400 million annual infections. Dengvaxia™ is a live attenuated tetravalent vaccine recently licensed for dengue seropositive individuals aged 9-45 years. There is great need for a dengue vaccine that could be given to dengue-naïve individuals ...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2020.09.005
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite remarkable therapeutic advances in the past two decades, the elimination of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from latent reservoirs constitutes a major barrier to eradication and preventing neurological disease associated with HIV/AIDS. Invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by HIV-1 occurs ea...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2019.06.004
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The central nervous system (CNS) is an immunologically specialized organ where restrictive barrier structures protect the parenchyma from inflammation and infection. This protection is important in preventing damage to non-renewable resident cell populations, such as neurons, responsible for functions ranging from exe...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2017.12.003
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human alphaherpesviruses (αHHV) - herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), HSV-2, and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) - infect mucosal epithelial cells, establish a lifelong latent infection of sensory neurons, and reactivate intermittingly to cause recrudescent disease. Although chronic αHHV infections co-exist with brisk T...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2013.04.004
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retroviruses are a virus family of considerable medical and veterinary importance. Additionally, it is now clear that endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) comprise significant portions of vertebrate genomes. Until recently, very little was known about the deep evolutionary origins of retroviruses. However, advances in genom...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2017.06.006
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent technological advances have led to an explosion in the system-wide profiling of biological processes in the study of herpesvirus biology, herein referred to as '-omics'. In many cases these approaches have revealed novel virus-induced changes to host cell biology that can be targeted with new antiviral therapeu...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2014.09.021
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The direct electron detector has revolutionized electron cryo-microscopy (CryoEM). Icosahedral virus structures are routinely produced at 4Å resolution or better and the approach has largely displaced virus crystallography, as it requires less material, less purity and often produces a structure more rapidly. Largely ...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2016.02.011
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Model systems show that papillomavirus DNA can persist after lesion-regression, and be maintained in a subset of epithelial basal cells. These are very likely long-lived 'stem-cells' or 'stem-like cells', with latency arising via at least two distinct mechanisms. The first involves low-titre virus infection and the re...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2013.06.003
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is the most common human tumor virus, persistently infecting more than 95% of the human adult population and readily transforming human B cell in culture. Fortunately, only a small minority of EBV carriers develops virus associated malignancies. The majority controls persistent EBV infection w...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2020.07.011
更新日期:2020-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, a lateral flow rapid diagnostic test (RDT) with good accuracy has been described. This test enables measles specific IgM antibody detection in serum, capillary blood and oral fluid. RDTs have the potential to transform measles surveillance by allowing real-time case confirmation outside of central/regional l...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2020.05.007
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positive strand RNA viruses cause membrane modifications which are microenvironments or larger intracellular compartments, also called 'viroplasms'. These compartments serve to concentrate virus and host factors needed to produce new genomes. Forming these replication sites often involves virus induced membrane synthe...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2011.09.009
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00