Abstract:
:Obesity is associated with a range of health outcomes that are of clinical and public health significance, including cancer. Herein, we summarize epidemiologic and preclinical evidence for an association between obesity and increased risk of breast and prostate cancer incidence and mortality. Moreover, we describe data from observational studies of weight change in humans and from calorie-restriction studies in mouse models that support a potential role for weight loss in counteracting tumor-promoting properties of obesity in breast and prostate cancers. Given that weight loss is challenging to achieve and maintain, we also consider evidence linking treatments for obesity-associated co-morbidities, including metformin, statins and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, with reduced breast and prostate cancer incidence and mortality. Finally, we highlight several challenges that should be considered when conducting epidemiologic and preclinical research in the area of obesity and cancer, including the measurement of obesity in population-based studies, the timing of obesity and weight change in relation to tumor latency and cancer diagnosis, and the heterogeneous nature of obesity and its associated co-morbidities. Given that obesity is a complex trait, comprised of behavioral, epidemiologic and molecular/metabolic factors, we argue that a transdisciplinary approach is the key to understanding the mechanisms linking obesity and cancer. As such, this review highlights the critical need to integrate evidence from both epidemiologic and preclinical studies to gain insight into both biologic and non-biologic mechanisms contributing to the obesity-cancer link.
journal_name
Endocr Relat Cancerjournal_title
Endocrine-related cancerauthors
Allott EH,Hursting SDdoi
10.1530/ERC-15-0400subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-12-01 00:00:00pages
R365-86issue
6eissn
1351-0088issn
1479-6821pii
ERC-15-0400journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The tumour microenvironment is known to be acidic due to high glycolytic rates of tumour cells. Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) play a role in extracellular acidification, which is widely known to be involved in tumour progression. Recently, we have described the upregulation of MCT1 in breast carcinomas and its a...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-13-0132
更新日期:2013-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::Metastatic duodenopancreatic neuro-endocrine tumors (dpNETs) are the most important disease-related cause of death in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). Nonfunctioning pNETs (NF-pNETs) are highly prevalent in MEN1 and clinically heterogeneous. Therefore, management is controversial. Data on prog...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1530/ERC-19-0372
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare tumor arising from the calcitonin-producing parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland, occurring either sporadically or alternatively in a hereditary form based on germline RET mutations in approximately one-third of cases. Historically, patients with advanced, metastasized M...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1530/ERC-16-0104
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in developed countries and represents the eighth leading cause of cancer related death in women. The growing incidence of endometrial cancer leads scientists and oncologists to identify effective preventive measures and also molecular markers for diagnosis...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1677/ERC-08-0266
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. We explored novel treatment modalities by targeting epigenetic modifications using inhibitors of BET (e.g. BRD4) activity. We evaluated the efficacy in the treatment of ATC of a novel BET inhibitor, PLX51107 (PLX), currently in...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-19-0107
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to explore the pharmacological response to 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (OH-Tam) and to estradiol (E2) in three cell lines: MVLN, a human breast carcinoma cell line derived from MCF-7, and two MVLN-derived OH-Tam-resistant (OTR) cell lines, called CL6.8 and CL6.32. The OH-Tam response in the OTR cells...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1677/erc.1.00899
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::FOXE1 is a thyroid-specific transcription factor essential for thyroid gland development and maintenance of the differentiated state. Interestingly, a strong association has been recently described between FOXE1 expression and susceptibility to thyroid cancer, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying FOXE1-...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-19-0156
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study aims to examine whether the annual variations in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) measurements, represented by the coefficient of variation (CV), predict cancer incidence and mortality in the subsequent years independent of traditional risk factors of type 2 diabetic patients. A computerized database of patients...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-12-0038
更新日期:2012-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare and fascinating paraneoplastic syndrome in which patients present with bone pain, fractures, and muscle weakness. The cause is high blood levels of the recently identified phosphate and vitamin D-regulating hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). In TIO, FGF23 is secret...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1530/ERC-11-0006
更新日期:2011-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::The current study aims to evaluate for the first time the inhibitory roles of miR-205 in the pathogenesis of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. In addition, we investigated the mechanisms by which miR-205 regulates angiogenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer. Two anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell ...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-17-0497
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulinomas are rare endocrine neoplasias that constitute the most frequent islet cell tumours. Somatostatin (SST) analogs are tentatively used to inhibit insulin secretion and control tumour growth in patients with local invasion or inoperative metastasis, but variable responses have been reported. Data regarding som...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1677/erc.1.00962
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The androgen receptor (AR) signaling axis drives all stages of prostate cancer, including the lethal, drug-resistant form of the disease termed castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which arises after failure of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Persistent AR activity in spite of ADT and the second-generation...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1530/ERC-16-0422
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The imprinted gene, neuronatin (NNAT), is one of the most abundant transcripts in the pituitary and is thought to be involved in the development and maturation of this gland. In a recent whole-genome approach, exploiting a pituitary tumour cell line, we identified hypermethylation associated loss of NNAT. In this repo...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1677/ERC-09-0008
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ovarian epithelial cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecological malignancies. FSH may increase the risk of ovarian malignancy and play an important role in ovarian carcinogenesis. Our previous studies showed that FSH increases the expression of VEGF through survivin. In this study, the function and mechani...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1677/ERC-09-0308
更新日期:2010-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Ten to fifteen percent of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of thyroid nodules are indeterminate. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and the oncogene BRAFV600E are markers of malignancy useful to improve FNAB accuracy. The objective of this study was to determine whether the combined analysis of Gal-3 and BRAFV600E expression in t...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1677/ERC-07-0147
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Therapeutic options for patients with metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) are limited due to lack of effective treatments. Thus, there is a need to thoroughly characterize the pathways of molecular pathogenesis and to identify potential targets for therapy in MTC. Since epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1677/ERC-08-0304
更新日期:2010-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic alteration is the driving force for thyroid tumorigenesis and progression, based upon which novel approaches to the management of thyroid cancer can be developed. A recent important genetic finding in thyroid cancer is the oncogenic T1799A transversion mutation of BRAF (the gene for the B-type Raf kinase, BRAF...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1677/erc.1.0978
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A splice variant of the human gene HER2, lacking exon-16 (DeltaHER2) which encodes a small extracellular region, has been described. This altered receptor forms disulfide bond-stabilized homodimers. We report here that the DeltaHER2 splice variant represents about 9% of the HER2 mRNA obtained from most of the 46 breas...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1677/erc.1.01047
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is an important intracellular process involving the degradation of cytoplasmic components. It is involved in both physiological and pathological conditions, including cancer. The role of autophagy in cancer is described as a 'double-edged sword,' a term that reflects its known participation in tumor suppress...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1530/ERC-15-0042
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The thyroid hormones T3 and T4 have emerged as pro-angiogenic hormones with important implications for cancer management. Endogenous circulating hormone levels may help stimulate cancer progression and limit the effectiveness of anticancer therapy, though clinical data remain inconclusive. The capacity of thyroid horm...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1530/ERC-19-0058
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid carcinomas derived from follicular cells comprise papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), follicular thyroid carcinoma, poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) and undifferentiated anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). PTC, the most frequent thyroid carcinoma histotype, is associated with gene rearrangements t...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-12-0078
更新日期:2013-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::It has been proposed that knowledge of estrogen receptor beta (ER-beta) expression may refine estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha) predictivity of response to endocrine therapy. We challenged this hypothesis in ER-alpha-positive breast cancers subjected to preoperative antiestrogen treatment. Forty-seven elderly (> or =...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1677/erc.1.00822
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small-intestinal carcinoids (SIC) are the most common small-bowel malignancies. We sought to determine the risk of developing SIC before and after other primary malignancies (PM) and the prognosis of patients with SIC, with and without another PM. We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to ide...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-11-0392
更新日期:2012-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Deprivation of estrogen causes breast tumors in women to adapt and develop enhanced sensitivity to this steroid. Accordingly, women relapsing after treatment with oophorectomy, which substantially lowers estradiol for a prolonged period, respond secondarily to aromatase inhibitors with tumor regression. We have utiliz...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1677/erc.1.01018
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical therapy of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (P-NET) may take advantage of Everolimus treatment. However, the extent of therapeutic response cannot be predicted. This study was aimed to identify the possible predictive markers of response to Everolimus in P-NET. We found that Everolimus reduced the cell viabili...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-16-0329
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common causes of male cancer-related death in Western nations. The cellular response to androgens is mediated via the androgen receptor (AR), a ligand-inducible transcription factor whose dysregulation plays a key role during PCa development and progression following androgen d...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1530/ERC-12-0401
更新日期:2013-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::Anaplastic thyroid cancer is one of the most lethal diseases, and a curative therapy does not exist. Doxorubicin, the only drug approved for anaplastic thyroid cancer treatment, has a very low response rate and causes numerous side effects among which cardiotoxicity is the most prominent. Thus, doxorubicin delivery to...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-17-0045
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The androgen receptor (AR) is well known to play a central role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa). In several studies, AR was overexpressed in castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). However, the mechanism of AR overexpression in CRPC is not fully elucidated. Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) is a pleiotropic transcr...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-11-0017
更新日期:2011-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic endocrine tumors (PET) represent a heterogenous group of neoplasms. Although surgical resection is considered a safe and effective treatment for many PET, therapeutic options for inoperable and progressive PET are limited. The expression of heat-shock protein (HSP) 90 was investigated in 120 clinically and ...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-11-0227
更新日期:2012-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::Germline PTEN mutations defining PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) confer heritable predisposition to breast, endometrial, thyroid and other cancers with known age-related risks, but it remains impossible to predict if any individual will develop cancer. In the general population, gut microbial dysbiosis has been l...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-17-0442
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00