Abstract:
:Caloric restriction (CR) improves insulin sensitivity and reduces the incidence of diabetes in obese individuals. The underlying mechanisms whereby CR improves insulin sensitivity are not clear. We evaluated the effect of 16 weeks of CR on whole-body insulin sensitivity by pancreatic clamp before and after CR in 11 obese participants (BMI = 35 kg/m(2)) compared with 9 matched control subjects (BMI = 34 kg/m(2)). Compared with the control subjects, CR increased the glucose infusion rate needed to maintain euglycemia during hyperinsulinemia, indicating enhancement of peripheral insulin sensitivity. This improvement in insulin sensitivity was not accompanied by changes in skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity or oxidant emissions, nor were there changes in skeletal muscle ceramide, diacylglycerol, or amino acid metabolite levels. However, CR lowered insulin-stimulated thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) levels and enhanced nonoxidative glucose disposal. These results support a role for TXNIP in mediating the improvement in peripheral insulin sensitivity after CR.
journal_name
Diabetesjournal_title
Diabetesauthors
Johnson ML,Distelmaier K,Lanza IR,Irving BA,Robinson MM,Konopka AR,Shulman GI,Nair KSdoi
10.2337/db15-0675subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
74-84issue
1eissn
0012-1797issn
1939-327Xpii
db15-0675journal_volume
65pub_type
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