Abstract:
:The role of radiation therapy in the management of breast cancer continues to evolve. For patients with early stage breast cancer, hypofractionated whole breast irradiation following breast conserving surgery now represents the standard of care based on randomized data with long-term efficacy and toxicity outcomes. Partial breast irradiation has been found, in several randomized trials, to be effective and appropriate in selected patients with the potential to reduce toxicities as compared to whole breast irradiation. The study of tumor biology and genetics and its role in radiation therapy decision making continues to grow and the advances may help identify patients where radiation therapy can be safely omitted, with future studies looking at de-intensification approaches. Recent randomized data has demonstrated a growing role for regional nodal irradiation in patients with more advanced disease, with future studies looking to identify whether nodal radiation is indicated following neoadjuvant chemotherapy or with certain favorable tumor biologies. While postmastectomy radiation therapy represents a standard approach for patients with locally advanced breast cancer, new data supports the role of hypofractionated regimens as well as its use in patients previously considered lower risk with unfavorable tumor biology. Oligometastatic disease represents a new area of study in breast cancer with prospective trials underway and current data supporting consideration of techniques such as stereotactic body radiation therapy in appropriately selected patients.
journal_name
Semin Oncoljournal_title
Seminars in oncologyauthors
Shah C,Bauer-Nilsen K,McNulty RH,Vicini Fdoi
10.1053/j.seminoncol.2020.05.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-08-01 00:00:00pages
209-216issue
4eissn
0093-7754issn
1532-8708pii
S0093-7754(20)30042-7journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Carcinoma of the bladder is the most prevalent cancer in Egypt and in most African countries. At the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo, it constitutes 30.3% of all cancers. The median age at diagnosis is 46 years, with a male preponderance of 5:1. Whether in Egypt or other African countries such as Sudan, Kenya, ...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/sonc.2001.21961
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::As continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis becomes more popular, the science of catheter selection, insertion, and maintenance becomes increasingly necessary. The proper use of and possible complications associated with several currently used catheters are discussed. The pros and cons of single- and double-cuff cath...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intra-arterial (IA) therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are considered palliative and should be offered to patients with intermediate-stage multinodular disease and with sufficient liver reserve. They include transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) or bland embolization, transarterial chemotherapy, and transar...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2010.03.007
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two phase II trials of mitoxantrone in refractory malignant lymphoma have been conducted. In the first of these, mitoxantrone (5 mg/m2) was given weekly for 6 weeks, and in the second, 14 mg/m2 was administered every 3 weeks. The first trial was conducted by the Southeastern Cancer Study Group (SECSG), and the second ...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the efficacy of endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) in 16 patients with tumor thrombus of the portal vein trunk (Vp3) associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. The average (+/-SD) number of O rings used was 9.0 +/- 5.0 for the esophageal varices (n = 7) and 16.4 +/- 4.5 for the esophagogastric varices (n = 9...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pain is a common, feared, but treatable component of malignancy. The ability, however, to successfully relieve the difficult symptoms of progressive disease, including pain, require an understanding of tumor behavior, complications, and cancer therapy. Despite the treatability of cancer pain and multiple clinical opti...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Topotecan (Hycamtin; SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, PA) a new chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of patients with advanced carcinoma of the ovary after failure of initial or subsequent therapy, is a specific, potent inhibitor of the enzyme topoisomerase I. Myelosuppression is the dose-limiting...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme-dependent arachidonic acid metabolites occupy key positions in important physiologic processes such as immunity, reproduction, and vascular integrity. Large retrospective and prospective population-based studies have shown that the use of both nonselective, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory dr...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0093-7754(03)00120-9
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoxic areas are a characteristic property of solid tumors. Hypoxia results from an imbalance between the supply and consumption of oxygen. Major pathogenetic mechanisms for the emergence of hypoxia are (1) structural and functional abnormalities in the tumor microvasculature; (2) an increase in diffusion distances; ...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0093-7754(01)90210-6
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional cancer diagnostic techniques include assessment of histologic appearance, identification of specific tumor subtypes, tumor grading, assessment of lymph node status, and presence of metastasis. These are useful for initial evaluation, but are limited in their ability to predict response to treatment and/or ...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2004.07.017
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article deals with the pharmacokinetics of fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (CHO-THF). 5-FU kinetics are characterized by short serum half-life times of 4.5 to 13 minutes. The high body clearance is mainly caused by a rapid catabolism of 5-FU to dihydrofluorouracil (FUH2), alpha-fluoro-ureidopropionic acid (F...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the associations of cancer with rheumatic diseases. Recent epidemiologic data linking the autoimmune connective tissue diseases with malignancy will be emphasized. Reports linking the occurrence of malignancy with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, idiopathic inflammatory myopathy...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rituximab (Rituxan; IDEC Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, and Genentech, Inc, San Francisco, CA) is a genetically engineered monoclonal antibody for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This chimeric mouse/human, immunoglobulin GI kappa anti-CD20 antibody mediates complement-dependent cell lysis and antibody-depend...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this National Cancer Institute-sponsored phase I trial is to determine the feasibility, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of continuous-infusion (24 hr/d, 7 d/wk, 7-week total) intravenous paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) combined with standard curative radiotherapy (RT) for pre...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The options available to patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resistant or refractory to first-line chemotherapy are very limited. The older-generation drugs (etoposide, vindesine, epirubicin, and cisplatin) that are active against previously untreated NSCLC do not achieve a response rate greater ...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current resurgence in the use of nomograms as diagnostic and prognostic tools has legitimate roots in their effectiveness in facilitating communication between the doctor and patient. By returning to a more classical approach to nomography, graphical insights can further enlighten the patient beyond what can be ac...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2009.12.003
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-platinum combination regimens have been developed for advanced non--small cell lung cancer using the novel and active agents docetaxel, gemcitabine, vinorelbine, and irinotecan. The aim of these combinations is to equal or exceed the survival benefits achieved with cisplatin doublets while minimizing toxicity. Of ...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Significant achievements in the basic sciences have led to a greater knowledge of the underlying signaling pathways in renal cell cancer (RCC), including the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway (phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway). The mTOR pathway has a central role in the regulation of cell growth and in...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2006.06.002
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a significant fraction of patients with NHL, disease develops that is resistant to conventional chemotherapy. Experience using high-dose chemotherapy, with or without TBI, and BMT is expanding. Remissions can be achieved in many patients with refractory NHL in particular those patients with tumors that are still ch...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over 50% of patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) have stage IV disease at presentation and the most likely organ to be affected by metastases is the liver. Hepatic involvement and hepatic tumor burden is a key prognostic factor affecting survival of these patients and 80% eventually di...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.07.002
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among the various deleterious effects of cancer chemotherapy, vascular toxicity is the least well recognized. This lack of recognition may be because the vasculotoxic phenomena are not unique to antineoplastic agents, can occur in patients without exposure to these agents, and the fact cancer itself may produce a hype...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2005.11.006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thrombocytopenia is a significant problem for patients receiving prolonged or aggressive chemotherapy for malignancy. For carboplatin, it is the predominant dose-limiting toxicity and it is cumulative in nature. A number of agents have been evaluated for efficacy in reducing the problem of thrombocytopenia. Some have ...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a form of non-ionizing radiation therapy that uses a drug, called a photosensitizer, combined with light to produce singlet oxygen ((1)O2) that can exert anti-cancer activity through apoptotic, necrotic, or autophagic tumor cell death. PDT is increasingly being used to treat thoracic mali...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2014.09.017
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Modulation of the signaling pathways that are aberrant in cancer cells has the potential to provide an effective nontoxic approach to patient management in a broad range of cancers. This quest has taken a major leap forward with the demonstration that STI-571 (imatinib mesylate) induces clinical and molecular remissio...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2003.08.011
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dry mouth (xerostomia) is one of the most common complaints following radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancers. Notably, RT causes irreparable damage to salivary glands that increases the risk for severe and long-term oral and pharyngeal disorders. Several strategies in the treatment of head and neck cancers h...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2004.12.009
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the most frequent indication for high-dose autologous stem-cell-supported chemotherapy in the United States has been breast cancer. This approach is applied in "high-risk," early-stage disease as adjuvant treatment, and with either curative or palliative intent in metastatic disease. Among both lay pe...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the first immune checkpoint inhibitor to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration was nivolumab, based on a survival advantage over docetaxel in recurrent squamous NSCLC, a difficult-to-treat histology. In addition, several other immune checkpoint inhibitors are also in...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.09.019
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A dose-finding study was set up to identify the optimal dose of the combination of paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) and carboplatin for phase II studies in patients with advanced chemotherapy-naive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The influence of drug sequence on the toxicity and pha...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Squamous cell cancer of the cervix is a relatively drug-resistant tumor. Therefore, chemotherapy is predominantly reserved for cervical cancer patients with recurrent or refractory disease following surgery and/or radiation therapy or for patients who present with far advanced, incurable disease. Objective responses t...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study was conducted to determine the risk of adverse outcomes among patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) of the IgM class. Two hundred thirteen patients with IgM MGUS were identified in southeastern Minnesota from 1960 to 1994. The primary end point was progression to lym...
journal_title:Seminars in oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/sonc.2003.50062
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00