Abstract:
:In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, two papers by Osuna et al. describe the characterization of AcrIIA1, an anti-CRISPR protein distributed widely among Listeria phages. AcrIIA1 functions as an anti-CRISPR and as a dynamic repressor of acr loci, suggesting it may play an important role in lysogeny.
journal_name
Cell Host Microbejournal_title
Cell host & microbeauthors
Johnson WEdoi
10.1016/j.chom.2020.06.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-07-08 00:00:00pages
1-2issue
1eissn
1931-3128issn
1934-6069pii
S1931-3128(20)30357-7journal_volume
28pub_type
评论,杂志文章abstract::Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) offers curative potential for patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies, but the post-transplantation period is characterized by profound immunodeficiency. Recent studies indicate that the intestinal microbiota not only regulates mucosal immunity, but can also contribute to sys...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2018.03.002
更新日期:2018-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::The human microbiome encodes extensive metabolic capabilities, but our understanding of the mechanisms linking gut microbes to human metabolism remains limited. Here, we focus on the conversion of cholesterol to the poorly absorbed sterol coprostanol by the gut microbiota to develop a framework for the identification ...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2020.05.013
更新日期:2020-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::Blockade of immune checkpoint molecules, a group of molecules normally involved in maintaining self-tolerance and limiting T cell responses, has emerged as a breakthrough in cancer therapy. Two recent studies published in Science show that, in mice, gut commensal microbes promote antitumor immunity and may determine t...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2015.11.014
更新日期:2015-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 can infect T cells by cell-free virus or by direct virion transfer between cells through cell contact-induced structures called virological synapses (VS). During VS-mediated infection, virions accumulate within target cell endosomes. We show that after crossing the VS, the transferred virus undergoes both matura...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2011.10.015
更新日期:2011-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cure of rodent malaria with the biocide triclosan highlighted the enzyme FabI as an antimalarial drug target. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Yu et al. (2008) show that FabI is not the principle target of triclosan yet plays an important role specifically in malaria liver stage development. ...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2008.11.006
更新日期:2008-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::The intestinal microbiota is important for induction of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is associated with complex shifts in microbiota composition, but it is unclear whether specific bacterial subsets induce IBD and, if so, whether their proportions in the microbiota are altered during disease. Here, we fulfill...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2011.04.009
更新日期:2011-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::Newborns are colonized with an intestinal microbiota shortly after birth, but the factors governing the retention and abundance of specific microbial lineages are unknown. Nursing infants consume human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) that pass undigested to the distal gut, where they may be digested by microbes. We deter...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2011.10.007
更新日期:2011-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::Influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) initiates viral entry by engaging host receptor sialylated glycans via its receptor-binding site (RBS). The amino acid sequence of the RBS naturally varies across avian and human influenza virus subtypes and is also evolvable. However, functional sequence diversity in the RBS has n...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2017.05.011
更新日期:2017-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Pioneering plant research has shown that many Nod-like receptors (NLRs) detect pathogens indirectly via recognizing modifications of other host proteins. In this issue, two groups show that the RPM1 NLR is activated by phosphorylation of the host protein RIN4, probably resulting from activation of a host kinase by pat...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2011.02.002
更新日期:2011-02-17 00:00:00
abstract::Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) destroys intestinal microvilli and suppresses phagocytosis by injecting effectors into infected cells through a type III secretion system (TTSS). EspB, a component of the TTSS, is also injected into the cytoplasm of host cells. However, the physiological functions of EspB withi...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2007.09.012
更新日期:2007-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Initially described as an RNA surveillance pathway, nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) is also recognized to function in the regulation of host gene expression. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, three studies describe NMD-mediated defense strategies of plants and mammalian cells in response to pathogen infection. ...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2014.08.015
更新日期:2014-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::RNA interference (RNAi) has been extensively used to identify host factors affecting virus infection but requires exogenous delivery of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), thus limiting the technique to nonphysiological infection models and a single defined cell type. We report an alternative screening approach using siR...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2013.08.007
更新日期:2013-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promotes dendritic cell (DC) differentiation and survival in vitro. However, its role in host defense at the intestinal mucosa is unknown. We report that infection with the mouse enteric pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium, increased colonic GM-CSF production and C...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2010.01.006
更新日期:2010-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::In a recent Science paper, Teles et al. (2013) show that type I and II interferons (IFNs) are reciprocally expressed in the polar immune forms of leprosy, with type I IFNs inducing IL-10 that interferes with the antimycobacterial effects of type II IFNs (IFNγ) at the site of infection. ...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2013.04.001
更新日期:2013-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::Toxoplasma can reach distant organs, especially the brain, leading to a lifelong chronic phase. However, genes involved in related in vivo processes are currently unknown. Here, we use focused CRISPR libraries to identify Toxoplasma genes that affect in vivo fitness. We focus on TgWIP, whose deletion affects Toxoplasm...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2019.09.008
更新日期:2019-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::RNA interference (RNAi) is an established antiviral defense mechanism in plants and invertebrates. Whether RNAi serves a similar function in mammalian cells remains unresolved. We find that in some cell types, mammalian RNAi activity is reduced shortly after viral infection via poly-ADP-ribosylation of the RNA-induced...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2013.09.002
更新日期:2013-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::The transitional epithelium of the bladder normally turns over slowly but upon injury undergoes rapid regeneration fueled by basal uroepithelial stem and/or early progenitor cells (USCs). Little is known about the mechanisms underlying the injury response. We investigate the mechanism of bladder epithelial regeneratio...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2009.04.005
更新日期:2009-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Type I interferons (IFNs) are considered to be the universal mechanism by which viral infections are controlled. However, many IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) rely on antiviral pathways that are toxic to host cells, which may be detrimental in nonrenewable cell types, such as neurons. We show that dorsal root ganglionic (...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2012.07.013
更新日期:2012-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Alphaviruses infect cells via a low-pH-triggered membrane fusion reaction mediated by the class II virus fusion protein E1, an elongated molecule with three extramembrane domains (DI-III). E1 drives fusion by inserting its fusion peptide loop into the target membrane and refolding to a hairpin-like trimer in which DII...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2008.10.012
更新日期:2008-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotic-mediated microbiota destruction and the consequent loss of colonization resistance can result in intestinal domination with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), leading to bloodstream infection in hospitalized patients. Clearance of VRE remains a challenging goal that, if achieved, would reduce systemic...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2017.04.002
更新日期:2017-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Enveloped viruses escape infected cells by budding through limiting membranes. In the decade since the discovery that HIV recruits cellular ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) machinery to facilitate viral budding, this pathway has emerged as the major escape route for enveloped viruses. In cell...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2013.08.012
更新日期:2013-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) expressed on red blood cells (RBCs) influences plasma levels of HIV-1-suppressive and proinflammatory chemokines such as CCL5/RANTES. DARC is also the RBC receptor for Plasmodium vivax. Africans with DARC -46C/C genotype, which confers a DARC-negative phenotype, are resista...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2008.06.002
更新日期:2008-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Low pathogenic H7N9 influenza viruses have recently evolved to become highly pathogenic, raising concerns of a pandemic, particularly if these viruses acquire efficient human-to-human transmissibility. We compared a low pathogenic H7N9 virus with a highly pathogenic isolate, and two of its variants that represent neur...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2017.09.008
更新日期:2017-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::Antigenic diversity has posed a critical barrier to vaccine development against the pathogenic blood-stage infection of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. To date, only strain-specific protection has been reported by trials of such vaccines in nonhuman primates. We recently showed that P. falciparum ret...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2014.11.017
更新日期:2015-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::Lifestyle, obesity, and the gut microbiome are important risk factors for metabolic disorders. We demonstrate in 1,976 subjects of a German population cohort (KORA) that specific microbiota members show 24-h oscillations in their relative abundance and identified 13 taxa with disrupted rhythmicity in type 2 diabetes (...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2020.06.004
更新日期:2020-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::Efficient nutrient acquisition in the human gut is essential for microbial persistence. Although polysaccharides have been well-studied nutrients for the gut microbiome, other resources such as nucleic acids and nucleosides are less studied. We describe several ribose-utilization systems (RUSs) that are broadly repres...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2019.11.009
更新日期:2020-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella Typhimurium causes diarrhea by infecting the epithelium and lamina propria of the intestinal mucosa and by secreting various effector proteins through type III secretion systems (TTSSs). However, the mechanisms by which Salmonella transverses the epithelium and is subsequently released into the lamina propr...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2011.11.013
更新日期:2012-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::Landscape ecology examines the relationships between the spatial arrangement of different landforms and the processes that give rise to spatial and temporal patterns in local community structure. The spatial ecology of the microbial communities that inhabit the human body-in particular, those of the nose, mouth, and t...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2017.03.011
更新日期:2017-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::The role of gut microbes in health and disease has often been surmised from stool, which is easily sampled and rich in microbial diversity, density, and abundance. Microbial analyses of stool have been accepted as measures to determine the relationship of gut microbiomes with host health and disease, based on the beli...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2019.08.011
更新日期:2019-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Studies described by Eisele et al. (2013) and Xavier et al. (2013) in this issue of Cell Host & Microbe show that the bacterial pathogens Salmonella and Brucella exploit the increased levels of glucose present in alternatively activated macrophages to sustain chronic infections in experimentally infected mice. ...
journal_title:Cell host & microbe
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chom.2013.07.016
更新日期:2013-08-14 00:00:00