Abstract:
:Accumulating evidence indicates that asymptomatic hyperuricemia is involved in the development of hypertension and chronic kidney disease. A 2-hit model has been proposed to explain the role of urate in hypertension. The first hit entails activation of the renin-angiotensin system and inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis, which promote endothelial dysfunction, proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and sodium reabsorption, leading to a moderate but consistent increase in systemic blood pressure. The second hit involves the immune system. Uric acid released in response to hypertension-induced damage can be recognized as a danger molecule by pattern-recognition receptors, the sentinels of the innate immunity. Downstream signaling from these receptors leads to dendritic cell maturation and activation of resting T cells, but it can also trigger the inflammasome and induce the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. This proinflammatory milieu concurs in expanding the extracellular fluid volume and in increasing vascular resistances, which further promote systemic hypertension. Through similar mechanisms, hyperuricemia may also cause vascular and tubulointerstitial lesions that favor the development and progression of chronic kidney disease. To counteract these actions, xanthine oxidase inhibitors and uricosuric agents have been advocated as logical candidates to decrease the serum levels of uric acid. However, despite a clear rationale for using hypouricemic drugs in patients with chronic kidney disease, there is currently a lack of robust evidence that lowering uric acid may slow the progression of renal disease.
journal_name
Kidney Intjournal_title
Kidney internationalauthors
Ponticelli C,Podestà MA,Moroni Gdoi
10.1016/j.kint.2020.05.056subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-01 00:00:00pages
1149-1159issue
5eissn
0085-2538issn
1523-1755pii
S0085-2538(20)30804-8journal_volume
98pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The defect in urinary acidification induced by amphotericin B (AMB) was further characterized in turtle bladder. Since AMB has been shown to increase the hydrogen ion (H+) permeability of this epithelium in the absence of exogenous bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), we explored the permeability characteristics in the presence ...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1977.39
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the high costs of treatment of people with kidney disease and associated comorbid conditions, the amount of reliable information available to guide the care of such patients is very limited. Some treatments have been assessed in randomized trials, but most such trials have been too small to detect treatment ef...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2017.04.019
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a widely accepted form of renal replacement therapy (RRT), concerns remain regarding the bioincompatible nature of standard PD fluid. In order to evaluate whether a newly formulated fluid of neutral pH, and containing low levels of glucose degradation products (GDP), resu...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00747.x
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early identification of kidney transplant recipients at risk of progressive allograft dysfunction may allow clinicians to provide closer monitoring and more aggressive risk factor modification. In this issue, Raynaud et al. presented a latent class model that clustered kidney transplant recipients into 8 risk categori...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2020.07.031
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal sodium reabsorption is a key determinant of final urine concentration. Our aim was to determine whether differences existed between aged and young rats in their response to water restriction with regard to the regulation of abundance of any of the major distal renal sodium transporter proteins. Male Fisher 344 x...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5000076
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although APOL1 high-risk genotype partially accounts for the increased susceptibility of blacks to chronic kidney disease (CKD), whether APOL1 associates differentially with mortality risk remains controversial. Here we evaluate the association between APOL1 genotype and risk of death and determine whether APOL1 statu...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2016.09.033
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a form of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) caused by dysregulated complement activation. Clinically, aHUS is effectively treated by an anti-C5 monoclonal antibody (mAb) but whether the disease is mediated by the C5a receptor (C5aR) or C5b-9 pathway, or both, is unknown. Her...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2019.01.009
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The binding of albumin to the glomerular capillary wall was studied using albumin-gold in perfused kidneys, the interaction of [3H]albumin with isolated glomeruli at 37 degrees C and 4 degrees C and the interaction at [3H]albumin with purified basement membrane. The albumin-gold was found to bind predominantly to the ...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1995.149
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is known that inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) impairs the renal actions of loop diuretics. Recently, we found that cyclosporine A (CsA) inhibits renal COX-2 expression. Therefore, we examined the interferences of CsA with the renal actions of loop diuretics. METHOD:We investigated the renal effects of...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00627.x
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because the size of renal cysts in the native kidneys of patients with ADPKD who have been transplanted was found to be reduced when rapamycin was the immunosuppressant, we tested the involvement of the mTOR pathway in cyst enlargement. Here, male pcy mice, with mutation in one of the nephronophthisis genes, were trea...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.2009.147
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although case reports link proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) use and hypomagnesemia, no large-scale studies have been conducted. Here we examined the serum magnesium concentration and the likelihood of hypomagnesemia (<1.6 mg/dl) with a history of PPI or histamine-2 receptor antagonist used to reduce gastric acid, or use of...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.2012.452
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of kidney failure. However, studies of molecular mechanisms of early kidney damage are lacking. Here we examined for possible linkage between transcriptional regulation and quantitative structural damage in early diabetic kidney disease in Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes....
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2017.08.013
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The microcirculation is regulated by oxygen gradients and by endothelial release of nitric oxide, which can react with hemoglobin to form S-nitroso derivatives. Here we induced flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery in response to ischemia in 141 non-diabetic patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease who...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.2009.63
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mean renal tubular diameters, number of tubules per unit of cross-sectional area, and fraction of the total volume occupied by each medullary structure were determined at various levels of the renal medulla of the rat and rabbit. Statistical estimates of anatomic variables were made using spatial sampling techniqu...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1977.118
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular sclerosis has been linked to many risk factors, including smoking, family history, low birth weight, and hypertension. In interesting studies, Goforth et al. show an increased rate of mutations in thrombophilic molecules in patients with vascular sclerosis in renal biopsies, suggesting yet another mechanism. ...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5001721
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Transplantation of developing metanephroi into adult hosts has been proposed as a means to augment host renal function. METHODS:We implanted whole metanephroi from embryonic day 15 (E15) rats subcapsularly in kidneys or into the omentum of non-immunosupressed adult rat hosts. At the time of implantation, so...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00971.x
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fixed anionic sites within the glomerular capillary wall influence the permeation of serum proteins, the localization of various antigens, and the deposition of antibody in the subepithelial space. In anti-GBM nephritis antibody deposition occurs very rapidly to antigenic sites located relatively proximal in the glome...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1984.188
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recipients of kidney transplants have elevated cancer risk compared with the general population. Improvements over time in transplant care and cancer treatment may have affected incidence and outcomes of cancer among recipients of kidney transplant. To evaluate this, we used linked United States transplant and cancer ...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2020.10.018
更新日期:2020-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::Sudden death is one of the more frequent causes of death for hemodialysis patients, but the underlying mechanisms, contribution of arrhythmia, and associations with serum chemistries or the dialysis procedure are incompletely understood. To study this, implantable loop recorders were utilized for continuous cardiac rh...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2017.11.019
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (PVAN) is a significant complication after kidney transplantation, often leading to premature graft loss. In order to identify antiviral responses of the renal tubular epithelium, we studied activation of the viral DNA and the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) sensors Toll-like receptor 3...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.2011.311
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term complications of continuous immunosuppression still remain a serious threat and are currently drawing the attention of transplant physicians. Wimmer et al. show that malignancy occurs approximately fourfold more frequently in renal-transplant recipients than in a normal control population. Besides immunosupp...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5002306
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Urea kinetic modeling (UKM) and food records are widely used to assess the dialysis adequacy. Clinicians use these methods in individual patients to decide whether the dialysis prescription should be adjusted. We determined the variation in UKM parameters and dietary intake within individual patients in orde...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00412.x
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyper-activation of Rac1, a small GTPase, in glomerular podocytes has been implicated in the pathogenesis of familial proteinuric kidney diseases. However, the role of Rac1 in acquired nephrotic syndrome is unknown. To gain direct insights into this, we generated a transgenic mouse model expressing a doxycycline-induc...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2017.03.010
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Innate lymphoid cells are a recently recognized group of immune cells with critical roles in tissue homeostasis and inflammation. Regulatory innate lymphoid cells are a newly identified subset of innate lymphoid cells, which play a suppressive role in the innate immune response, favoring the resolution of intestinal i...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2019.07.019
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a rare systemic autoimmune disease characterized by small-vessel vasculitis leading to organ damage and the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCAs). ANCAs were shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease by increasing adhesion of polymorphonu...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00430.x
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compelling evidence indicates that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a fundamental regulator of normal and abnormal angiogenesis. The loss of a single VEGF allele results in defective vascularization and early embryonic lethality. VEGF plays also a critical role in kidney development, and its inactivation d...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00610.x
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinical studies have shown that the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor antagonists decrease proteinuria and slow the progression of nephropathy in diabetes, indicating that Ang II plays an important role in the development of nephropathy. We have previously re...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00271.x
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the contribution of intrarenal factors in the increased renal accumulation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in chronic serum sickness (CSS). Renal transplantation was used to study 125I BSA uptake (single and paired label techniques) in normal and CSS kidneys exposed to the same immunologic milieu. In CSS, t...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1986.244
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kidney transplant patients receiving phenytoin or phenobarbital may have decreased graft survival. These drugs have been shown to enhance the metabolism of glucocorticoids. We determined the disposition of total and unbound prednisolone in six stable kidney transplant patients receiving prednisone for immunosuppressio...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1984.17
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Defective cholesterol metabolism primarily linked to reduced ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) expression is closely associated with the pathogenesis and progression of kidney diseases, including diabetic kidney disease and Alport Syndrome. However, whether the accumulation of free or esterified cholesterol ...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2020.06.040
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00