Warfarin Blocks Gas6-Mediated Axl Activation Required for Pancreatic Cancer Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis.

Abstract:

:Repurposing "old" drugs can facilitate rapid clinical translation but necessitates novel mechanistic insight. Warfarin, a vitamin K "antagonist" used clinically for the prevention of thrombosis for more than 50 years, has been shown to have anticancer effects. We hypothesized that the molecular mechanism underlying its antitumor activity is unrelated to its effect on coagulation, but is due to inhibition of the Axl receptor tyrosine kinase on tumor cells. Activation of Axl by its ligand Gas6, a vitamin K-dependent protein, is inhibited at doses of warfarin that do not affect coagulation. Here, we show that inhibiting Gas6-dependent Axl activation with low-dose warfarin, or with other tumor-specific Axl-targeting agents, blocks the progression and spread of pancreatic cancer. Warfarin also inhibited Axl-dependent tumor cell migration, invasiveness, and proliferation while increasing apoptosis and sensitivity to chemotherapy. We conclude that Gas6-induced Axl signaling is a critical driver of pancreatic cancer progression and its inhibition with low-dose warfarin or other Axl-targeting agents may improve outcome in patients with Axl-expressing tumors.

journal_name

Cancer Res

journal_title

Cancer research

authors

Kirane A,Ludwig KF,Sorrelle N,Haaland G,Sandal T,Ranaweera R,Toombs JE,Wang M,Dineen SP,Micklem D,Dellinger MT,Lorens JB,Brekken RA

doi

10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-2887-T

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-09-15 00:00:00

pages

3699-705

issue

18

eissn

0008-5472

issn

1538-7445

pii

0008-5472.CAN-14-2887-T

journal_volume

75

pub_type

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