Telomeres and telomerase in oncogenesis.

Abstract:

:Telomeres are located at the ends of chromosomes and protect them from degradation. Suppressing the activity of telomerase, a telomere-synthesizing enzyme, and maintaining short telomeres is a protective mechanism against cancer in humans. In most human somatic cells, the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is repressed and telomerase activity is inhibited. This leads to the progressive shortening of telomeres and inhibition of cell growth in a process called replicative senescence. Most types of primary cancer exhibit telomerase activation, which allows uncontrolled cell proliferation. Previous research indicates that TERT activation also affects cancer development through activities other than the canonical function of mediating telomere elongation. Recent studies have improved the understanding of the structure and function of telomeres and telomerase as well as key mechanisms underlying the activation of TERT and its role in oncogenesis. These advances led to a search for drugs that inhibit telomerase as a target for cancer therapy. The present review article summarizes the organization and function of telomeres, their role in carcinogenesis, and advances in telomerase-targeted therapy.

journal_name

Oncol Lett

journal_title

Oncology letters

authors

Trybek T,Kowalik A,Góźdź S,Kowalska A

doi

10.3892/ol.2020.11659

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-08-01 00:00:00

pages

1015-1027

issue

2

eissn

1792-1074

issn

1792-1082

pii

OL-0-0-11659

journal_volume

20

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • LGR5 promotes the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

    abstract::Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) is an established cancer stem cell marker and is a target gene of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, a critical pathway in the process of tumor initiation and growth. In the present study, the mRNA expression levels of LGR5, adenomatous polyposis col...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2015.3144

    authors: Lin YU,Wu T,Yao Q,Zi S,Cui L,Yang M,Li J

    更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00

  • Advanced prostatic ductal carcinoma in a patient with a long survival time following a total pelvis exenteration: A case report.

    abstract::Ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate (DAP) is a rare variant of prostate cancer, and has poorly-identified clinical characteristics. Few cases have been previously reported in Chinese males and DAP is more commonly reported in Caucasian males over 70-years of age. In the present study, a 55-year-old Chinese male pati...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2016.4098

    authors: Ji C,Zhou M,Gan W,Zheng J,Yan X,Guo H

    更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00

  • Induction of antigen-specific cytotoxic T-cell response by dendritic cells generated from ecto-mesenchymal stem cells infected with an adenovirus containing the MAGE-D4a gene.

    abstract::The present study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using ecto-mesenchymal stem cell (EMSC)-derived dendritic cells (DCs) for glioma immunotherapy following infection by a recombinant adenovirus containing the melanoma-associated antigen D4a (MAGE-D4a) gene. The ex vivo cultured EMSCs were infected by the adenov...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2016.4306

    authors: Hu S,Li B,Shen X,Zhang R,Gao D,Guo Q,Jin Y,Fei Z

    更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00

  • RELB: A novel prognostic marker for glioblastoma as identified by population-based analysis.

    abstract::Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant type of glioma, with a poor prognosis for patients. The survival time of patients varies greatly due to the complexity of the human genome, which harbors diverse oncogenic drivers. In order to identify the specific driving factors, 325 glioma samples from ...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2019.10296

    authors: Zeng F,Wang K,Huang R,Liu Y,Zhang Y,Hu H

    更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00

  • Expression of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 in early gastric cancer cases treated using endoscopic mucosal resection and the correlation with prognosis.

    abstract::The expression of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) of early gastric cancer treated using endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and its correlation with prognosis were investigated. One hundred and forty-seven patients with early gastric cancer (less than 20 mm in diameter) were recruited and assigned into an obse...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2017.6376

    authors: Zhang N,Lu B

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • Identification of key genes in glioblastoma-associated stromal cells using bioinformatics analysis.

    abstract::The aim of the present study was to identify key genes and pathways in glioblastoma-associated stromal cells (GASCs) using bioinformatics. The expression profile of microarray GSE24100 was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, which included the expression profile of 4 GASC samples and 3 control stromal ...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2016.4526

    authors: Chen C,Sun C,Tang D,Yang G,Zhou X,Wang D

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Identification and functional characterization of long non-coding RNAs in human gastric cancer.

    abstract::Abnormal regulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) appears to be a primary feature of numerous types of human cancer. However, the association between the dysregulation of lncRNAs and functional alterations in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. In previous studies, we applied microarray and bioinformatics analyse...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2018.8369

    authors: Li CY,Liang GY,Yao WZ,Sui J,Shen X,Zhang YQ,Ma SM,Ye YC,Zhang ZY,Zhang WH,Yin LH,Pu YP

    更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00

  • Serum GP73 is complementary to AFP and GGT-II for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

    abstract::Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is a resident Golgi type II transmembrane protein that has been reported to markedly increase in chronic liver disease, particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it remains unclear as to whether serum GP73 represents a reliable serum marker for the diagnosis of HCC. The aim of th...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2013.1522

    authors: Hou SC,Xiao MB,Ni RZ,Ni WK,Jiang F,Li XY,Lu CH,Chen BY

    更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00

  • Gefitinib induces lung cancer cell autophagy and apoptosis via blockade of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

    abstract::Gefitinib is a selective inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor, which inhibits tumor pathogenesis, metastasis and angiogenesis, as well as promoting apoptosis. Therefore, gefitinib presents an effective drug for the targeted therapy of lung cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms by whic...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2016.4606

    authors: Zhao ZQ,Yu ZY,Li J,Ouyang XN

    更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00

  • Primary testicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with hemophagocytic syndrome: Case report and review of the literature.

    abstract::Primary testicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (TNHL) was first described as a clinical entity in 1866. It is a rare disease which accounts for 1% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 2% of all extranodal lymphomas and 5% of all testicular neoplasms. Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a rare but distinct condition caused by inappr...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2012.701

    authors: Ren W,Zhong Z,Zhao X,Yang J,Zhang L,Xu R,Li S,Zhu X,Lu C,Chin JL

    更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00

  • Dysregulation of N6-methyladenosine regulators predicts poor patient survival in mantle cell lymphoma.

    abstract::N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant eukaryote mRNA modification, modulated by regulators known as epigenetic writers, erasers and readers, which are known to serve crucial roles in mRNA metabolism. However, the role of m6A during B-cell development and B-cell tumorigenesis remains poorly understood. By analy...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2019.10708

    authors: Zhang W,He X,Hu J,Yang P,Liu C,Wang J,An R,Zhen J,Pang M,Hu K,Ke X,Zhang X,Jing H

    更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00

  • Skeletal metastasis of carcinoid tumors: Two case reports and review of the literature.

    abstract::Carcinoid tumors are neuroendocrine neoplasms derived from enterochromaffin cells. Skeletal metastases from carcinoid tumors are considered to be extremely rare. In this study, we present two cases of carcinoid tumors that metastasized to the bone. Furthermore, we review 50 published case reports and reveal the featur...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2012.622

    authors: Hori T,Yasuda T,Suzuki K,Kanamori M,Kimura T

    更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00

  • Morphological and biomolecular characteristics of subcentimetric invasive breast carcinomas in Sicily: A multicentre retrospective study in relation to trastuzumab treatment.

    abstract::Little information from clinical trials is available regarding the efficacy of trastuzumab treatment in subcentimetric breast carcinomas (BCs). The aim of this study was to verify the existence of correlations between HER2 and hormone receptor status, Ki67 values, grade, histotype and node involvement in a cohort of p...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2011.425

    authors: Ieni A,Giuffrè G,Lanzafame S,Nuciforo G,Curduman M,Villari L,Roz E,Certo G,Cabibi D,Salomone E,Labate A,Messina D,Franco V,Adamo V,Tuccari G

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Monitoring immunoglobulin heavy chain and T-cell receptor gene rearrangement in cfDNA as minimal residual disease detection for patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

    abstract::The present study aimed to examine whether monoclonal immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) or T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) may be used for minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Monoclonal IGH and TCR rearrangement in cfDNA were monitor...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2018.8966

    authors: Zhong L,Chen J,Huang X,Li Y,Jiang T

    更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00

  • Clear cell myoepithelial carcinoma in the base of the tongue: Case report and review of the literature.

    abstract::Clear cell myoepithelial carcinoma is a very rare disease which develops primarily in the parotid gland. To date, only 17 cases of clear cell myoepithelial carcinoma have been reported worldwide. Among them, only three cases developed in the minor salivary gland in the oral cavity. No cases developed in the base of th...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2012.900

    authors: Park JH,Choi JY,Hong R,DO NY

    更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00

  • Carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 are prognostic predictors of colorectal cancer with unresectable liver metastasis.

    abstract::No evidence currently exists to demonstrate the prognostic value of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in patients with unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM). Therefore, we retrospectively investigated the correlation between serum CEA and CA19-9 levels and ove...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2012.574

    authors: Mitsuyama Y,Shiba H,Haruki K,Fujiwara Y,Furukawa K,Iida T,Hayashi T,Ogawa M,Ishida Y,Misawa T,Kashiwagi H,Yanaga K

    更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00

  • Serum and saliva protein levels in females with breast cancer.

    abstract::The aim of the present study was to investigate the change in the total protein content between the serum and saliva of female patients with breast cancer and in healthy females. The study was conducted between October 2012 and November 2013. There were 80 females in the present study with 40 breast cancer patients an...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2014.2535

    authors: Al-Muhtaseb SI

    更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00

  • Inhibitory effects of human lactoferrin on U14 cervical carcinoma through upregulation of the immune response.

    abstract::Human lactoferrin (hLF) is a multifunctional glycoprotein that inhibits cancer growth. However, the inhibitory effect of this glycoprotein in cervical cancer remains inconclusive. This study investigated the efficacy of hLF on the inhibition of U14 cervical cancer in vivo. Recombinant adenovirus carrying hLF (Ad-hLF) ...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2013.1776

    authors: Shi H,Li W

    更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00

  • Treatment of advanced solid tumours with NSAIDs: Correlation of quantitative monitoring of circulating tumour cells and positron emission tomography-computed tomography imaging.

    abstract::The detection and characterisation of tumour-derived circulating epithelial tumor cells (CETCs) or circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been a main focus of basic oncological research over previous years. Numerous studies in the past decade have shown that CTCs are a promising tool for the estimation of the risk for me...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2016.4878

    authors: Willecke-Hochmuth R,Pachmann K,Drevs J

    更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00

  • Andrographolide inhibits proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human melanoma cells.

    abstract::Andrographolide (Andro), a natural compound isolated from Andrographis paniculata, has been demonstrated to have anticancer efficacy in several types of tumors. In the present study, the anticancer effects and mechanism of Andro in human malignant melanoma were investigated. Cell viability analysis was performed using...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2018.7941

    authors: Liu G,Chu H

    更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00

  • Homoisoflavanone-1 isolated from Polygonatum odoratum arrests the cell cycle and induces apoptosis in A549 cells.

    abstract::Homoisoflavanone-1 is a natural compound that may be extracted from the Chinese medicinal herb Polygonatum odoratum, which has pronounced antioxidant activities. The present study reports that homoisoflavanone-1 significantly inhibited tumor cell growth and induced apoptosis in A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2018.9085

    authors: Ning D,Jin M,Xv T,Sun J,Li M

    更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00

  • Induction of apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells by active compounds from Hypericum ascyron L.

    abstract::Hypericum ascyron L. (Great St. Johnswort), which belongs to the Hypericaceae family, has been used for the treatment of hematemesis, metrorrhagia, rheumatism, swelling, stomach ache, abscesses, dysentery and irregular menstruation for >2,000 years in China. The aim of the present study was to clarify the anticancer a...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2018.7812

    authors: Li XM,Luo XG,He JF,Wang N,Zhou H,Yang PL,Zhang TC

    更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00

  • Safety and efficacy of radiation and chemoradiation in patients over 70 years old with inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

    abstract::The aim of the present study was to perform a retrospective analysis to investigate the outcome and toxicity of radiation (RT) and chemoradiation (CRT) in elderly, inoperable patients >70 years old. Between 2003 and 2012, 1,024 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus were treated at the Department...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2013.1694

    authors: Xu HY,DU ZD,Zhou L,Yu M,Ding ZY,Lu Y

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00

  • MicroRNA expression profiling in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma of familial aggregation and hepatitis B virus infection.

    abstract::Numerous studies have suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) potently affect hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the miRNA expression profiling in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of familial aggregation and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has not been elucidated. In the present study, the plasma miRNA expression ...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2017.6178

    authors: Zhang EL,Gu J,Zhang ZY,Dong KS,Liang BY,Huang ZY

    更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00

  • Erratum: Anthelmintic pyrvinium pamoate blocks Wnt/β-catenin and induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells.

    abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8006.]. ...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 已发布勘误

    doi:10.3892/ol.2020.12110

    authors: Xu F,Zhu Y,Lu Y,Yu Z,Zhong J,Li Y,Pan J

    更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of Platycodin D on apoptosis, migration, invasion and cell cycle arrest of gallbladder cancer cells.

    abstract::Platycodin D (PD) is a triterpenoid saponin that exists in the roots of Platycodonis. It exhibits evident growth inhibitory effects and potent cytotoxicity against multiple types of cancer. Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignant disease of the biliary tract system. Patients with GBC usually have limited...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2020.12174

    authors: Zhang X,Zhai T,Hei Z,Zhou D,Jin L,Han C,Wang J

    更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00

  • Identification of candidate drugs for the treatment of metastatic osteosarcoma through a subpathway analysis method.

    abstract::Osteosarcoma (OS) is the third most frequent type of cancer in adolescents and represents >56% of all bone tumors. In addition, metastatic OS frequently demonstrates resistance to conventional chemotherapy; thus, the development of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of patients with metastatic OS is warranted....

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2017.5953

    authors: Li X,Yan ML,Yu Q

    更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00

  • Expression levels of EPHB4, EFNB2 and caspase-8 are associated with clinicopathological features and progression of esophageal squamous cell cancer.

    abstract::The upregulation of EPH receptor B4 (EPHB4) results in a survival advantage for tumor cells via the inhibition of the casapse-8-mediated apoptotic pathway, which begins from the cell membrane. The present study investigated the expression patterns of EPHB4, ephrin B2 (EFNB2) and caspase-8 in patients with esophageal s...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2019.11160

    authors: Ni Q,Chen P,Zhu B,Li J,Xie D,Ma X

    更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00

  • Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy caused by lung adenocarcinoma: Case report with review of the literature.

    abstract::Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is an uncommon cancer-related complication characterized by intimal proliferation in pulmonary small arteries and arterioles with or without tumor emboli. In the majority of cases, the causative lesion is gastric poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. In the present stu...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2011.270

    authors: Hotta M,Ishida M,Kojima F,Iwai Y,Okabe H

    更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00

  • Regorafenib treatment outcome for Taiwanese patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors after failure of imatinib and sunitinib: A prospective, non-randomized, single-center study.

    abstract::The present study aimed to conduct a prognosis analysis of Taiwanese patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), who are resistant to or were unable to tolerate imatinib or sunitinib, and were subsequently treated with regorafenib. The study considered the survival, potential prognostic factors a...

    journal_title:Oncology letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3892/ol.2020.11756

    authors: Hu CH,Yeh CN,Chen JS,Tsai CY,Wang SY,Cheng CT,Yeh TS

    更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00