Abstract：
:The integrated minimal model allows assessment of clinical diagnosis indices, for example, insulin sensitivity (SI ) and glucose effectiveness (SG ), from data of the insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), which is laborious with an intense sampling schedule, up to 32 samples. The aim of this study was to propose a more informative, although less laborious, IVGTT design to be used for model-based assessment of SI and SG . The IVGTT design was optimized simultaneously for all design variables: glucose and insulin infusion doses, time of glucose dose and start of insulin infusion, insulin infusion duration, sampling times, and number of samples. Design efficiency was used to compare among different designs. The simultaneously optimized designs showed a profound higher efficiency than both standard rich (32 samples) and sparse (10 samples) designs. The optimized designs, after removing replicate sample times, were 1.9 and 7.1 times more efficient than the standard rich and sparse designs, respectively. After including practical aspects of the designs, for example, sufficient duration between samples and avoidance of prolonged hypoglycemia, we propose 2 practical designs with fewer sampling times and lower input of glucose and insulin than standard designs, constrained to prevent hypoglycemia. The optimized practical rich design is equally efficient in assessing SI and SG as the rich standard design, but with half the number of the samples, while the optimized practical sparse design has 1 less sample and requires 4.6 times fewer individuals for equal certainty when assessing SI and SG than the sparse standard design.
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Ibrahim MMA,Redestad E,Kjellsson MCdoi
10.1002/jcph.1707subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-01 00:00:00pages
116-124issue
1eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604journal_volume
61pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The safety and efficacy of intravenous (i.v.) torsemide as adjunctive therapy for acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema was evaluated. Thirteen patients were treated with i.v. torsemide and six patients, with i.v. furosemide, as a positive control. Doses of torsemide, 20 mg or 40 mg, and furosemide, 40 mg or 80 mg, were a...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
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journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
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journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
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