Abstract:
:There are limited long-term data on the trends in incidence and characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia (MRSAB) in intensive care units (ICUs) in which infection control measures have been adopted. We evaluated the trend of incidence and changes in characteristics of MRSA bacteremia in ICUs at a tertiary-care hospital over 10 years using prospective cohort data. ICU-acquired bacteremia was defined as S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) that occurred 48 h or more after ICU admission. MRSA isolates were collected and subjected to microbiological and genotypic analyses. A total of 529 SAB episodes were identified among 367,175 ICU patients. Of these episodes, 288 (54.4%) were ICU acquired, 238 (82.6%) of which were MRSAB. The incidence density of ICU-acquired MRSAB decreased from 1.32 per 1,000 patient-days to 0.19 per 1,000 patient-days (a decrease of 20% annually; P < 0.001 for trend), whereas that of non-ICU-acquired MRSAB fluctuated and did not decrease significantly. The decline in ICU-acquired MRSAB was due to lower catheter-related infection and less pneumonia. Rates of persistent bacteremia and 12-week mortality also fell significantly. A total of 183 isolates were collected from 238 ICU-acquired MRSAB cases. There were no significant changes in the geometric means of vancomycin MICs, vancomycin heteroresistance, or the sequence types of MRSA isolates over time. Chlorhexidine MICs decreased (P < 0.001 for trend) in association with a decline in frequency of the qacA or qacB gene that was related to reductions in specific spa types. The incidence of MRSAB in ICUs has decreased dramatically over time, but most of the microbiological and genotypic characteristics of MRSA isolates have not changed.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Kim H,Kim ES,Lee SC,Yang E,Kim HS,Sung H,Kim MN,Jung J,Kim MJ,Kim SH,Lee SO,Choi SH,Woo JH,Kim YS,Chong YPdoi
10.1128/AAC.01082-20subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-09-21 00:00:00issue
10eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596pii
AAC.01082-20journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We determined the in vitro susceptibilities of 54 isolates of Haemophilus ducreyi from Thailand (29 isolates) and San Francisco (25 isolates) to penicillin G, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, cefixime, erythromycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Isola...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.7.1552
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of a loading dose of 20 mg of chloroquine per kg of body weight per os given at intervals during the first day was evaluated in 27 patients in Madagascar with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The conventional regimen of 25 mg/kg over 3 days (schedule 1) was thus compared with a regimen of 30 mg/kg over 2 da...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.3.406
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously demonstrated the efficacy of ceftriaxone (CRO), at 50 mg/kg of body weight every 12 h, against a highly penicillin-resistant (MIC, 4 micrograms/ml) Streptococcus pneumoniae strain with low-level resistance to CRO (MIC, 0.5 microgram/ml) in a leukopenic-mouse pneumonia model (P. Moine, E. Vallée, E. Azoul...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.12.2829
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro susceptibilities of 12 strains of Chlamydia pneumoniae to a new quinolone, trovafloxacin, and ofloxacin, doxycycline, erythromycin, and azithromycin were determined. The activity of trovafloxacin was similar to that of ofloxacin, with a MIC at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited and a minimal concentr...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.9.2033
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beta-l-2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxy-N(4)-hydroxycytidine (l-Hyd4C) was demonstrated to be an effective and highly selective inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in HepG2.2.15 cells (50% effective dose [ED(50)] = 0.03 microM; 50% cytotoxic dose [CD(50)] = 2,500 microM). In the present study, we investigate...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01176-09
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a new rabbit model of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus knee prosthesis infection, we compared the efficacies of sparfloxacin (50 mg/kg of body weight subcutaneously, twice a day) and pefloxacin (50 mg/kg subcutaneously, twice a day). A partial knee replacement was performed with a silicone implant f...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.9.2111
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both ampicillin and cefuroxime therapy of neonates selected drug- and species-dependent beta-lactam resistance patterns in fecal strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. This was in contrast to our previous findings that ampicillin, but not cefuroxime, contributed to the emergence of beta-lactam resistance also...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.2.361
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::As an obligate aerobe, Mycobacterium tuberculosis uses its electron transport chain (ETC) to produce energy via oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway has recently garnered a lot of attention and is a target for several new antimycobacterials. We tested the respiratory adaptation of M. tuberculosis to phenoxyalkylben...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01677-17
更新日期:2017-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Penetration of cefprozil into the middle ear fluid was investigated in patients with chronic otitis media. A total of 89 patients ranging from 7 months to 11 years old participated in the study. The middle ear fluid was removed by ventilation tubes inserted through the tympanic membrane at times ranging from 0.38 to 5...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.38.9.2210
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using an isogenic system, we have determined the impact that the four promoters known to control bla(TEM) gene expression have on beta-lactamase activity. For both TEM-1 and TEM-30, this activity gradually increased in relation to the presence of promoters P3, Pa/Pb, and P4 upstream of the corresponding gene. Promoter...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.12.4035-4037.2002
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro activities of luliconazole, amorolfine, ciclopirox, and terbinafine were determined against 320 dermatophyte isolates from large toenails of onychomycosis patients enrolled into an ongoing phase 2b/3 clinical study. The geometric mean MIC for luliconazole was 0.00022 μg/ml against all isolates, compared t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02706-13
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Implant-associated infections (IAIs) are a dreaded complication mainly caused by biofilm-forming staphylococci. Implant surfaces preventing microbial colonization would be desirable. We examined the preventive effect of a silver-coated titanium-aluminum-niobium (TiAlNb) alloy. The surface elicited a strong, inoculum-d...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02934-15
更新日期:2016-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::An extracellular inhibitory substance produced by the marine Alteromonas strain P-31 (NCMB 2144) was isolated and purified. The inhibitor was a macromolecule with a molecular weight of 90,000 estimated by Sephadex G-100 chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The inhibitory activi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.33.10.1674
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypermutation is a common feature of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from chronically infected cystic fibrosis patients that is linked with antibiotic resistance development. In this work, using a large collection of sequential P. aeruginosa isolates from ICU patients, we found that despite the fact that mutational an...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.9.3573-3575.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dose dependence of mezlocillin pharmacokinetics was examined in relation to renal function after intravenous doses of 1 and 5 g in 16 subjects with various degrees of renal impairment. Dose and time-average model-independent physiological parameters were calculated from plasma concentration and urinary excretion d...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.21.3.428
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The only human cathelicidin, the 37-residue peptide LL-37, exhibits antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. We studied the ability of several fragments of LL-37, exhibiting different antimicrobial activities, to interact with membranes whose compositions mimic the cytoplasmic memb...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00321-09
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorocytidine (FdC) is a potent inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus RNA replicon in culture, and FdC-5'-triphosphate is an effective inhibitor of the NS5B polymerase. Dynamic profiling of cell growth in an antiviral assay showed that FdC caused cytostasis due to an S-phase arrest. These observations demons...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.48.2.651-654.2004
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty volunteers randomly assigned to one of five hand washing agents (10 subjects per agent)--a nonantiseptic liquid soap (control), an antiseptic hand rinse containing 60% isopropyl alcohol (IPA) with emollients (Alc A), an antiseptic hand rinse containing 70% IPA and 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate with emollients (Al...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.30.4.542
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clofazimine (CFZ) is a poorly soluble antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug indicated for the treatment of leprosy. In spite of its therapeutic value, CFZ therapy is accompanied by the formation of drug biocrystals that accumulate within resident tissue macrophages, without obvious toxicological manifestations. Theref...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00265-16
更新日期:2016-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::The beta-lactamases in 154 clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were studied. Susceptibilities to beta-lactam antibiotics, their combination with clavulanate (2:1), and two fluoroquinolones were determined in 24 M. tuberculosis strains susceptible to antimycobacterial drugs and in nine multiresistant strains. A...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.42.6.1524
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike most antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), the main mode of action of the subclass of proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) is not based on disruption of the bacterial membrane. Instead, PrAMPs exploit the inner membrane transporters SbmA and YjiL/MdtM to pass through the bacterial membrane and enter the cytoso...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00534-18
更新日期:2018-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Although often dismissed as contaminants when isolated from blood cultures, Bacillus spp. are increasingly recognized as capable of causing serious systemic infections. As part of a clinical-microbiological study, 89 strains of Bacillus spp. isolated from clinical blood cultures between 1981 and 1985 had their species...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.32.5.642
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sporangiomycin and micrococcin inhibit the binding of aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid into the ribosomal A site in intact bacterial protoplasts. They also prevent the assembly of [ribosome-elongation factor G-guanine nucleotide] complexes in vitro and compete with [(35)S]thiostrepton for ribosomal binding sites. W...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.8.1.1
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-level resistance to quinolones has previously been shown to occur in Campylobacter spp. both in vitro and in patients treated with quinolones. We have selected isolates that are resistant to quinolones by plating cells from a susceptible C. jejuni strain, UA535, on medium containing nalidixic acid at 32 microgram...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.5.840
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An Escherichia coli strain with a plasmidic amikacin resistance has been selected for which the evidence strongly indicates that resistance is mediated by aminoglycoside phosphotransferase [APH(3')-II]: (i) this resistance was coupled with resistance against kanamycin and neomycin; (ii) partially purified APH(3')-II[A...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.20.3.344
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Candida albicans remains the leading causative agent of invasive fungal infection. Although the importance of filamentation in C. albicans pathogenesis has been extensively investigated, in vivo studies to date have been unable to dissect the role of this developmental process in the establishment of infection versus ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00628-06
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pore-forming microcin E492 was purified by solid-phase extraction and reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Its molecular mass was 7,886 Da. The entire 84-amino-acid sequence was determined. There is no postranslational modification in the secreted microcin, and the sequence has homologies with the s...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.1.229-230.2002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many successful antimicrobial drugs originate from synthetic dyes. This paper reports the in vitro activity of 14 fluorescent dyes against Plasmodium falciparum. Five of these dyes (Hoechst 33342, MitoRed, DiOC(6), SYTO 9, and rhodamine B) show activity at a low nanomolar concentration against two P. falciparum strain...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00709-12
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydroxamate-based chelators of iron are potent inhibitors of in vitro growth of Plasmodium falciparum. Two types of such chelators, the natural desferrioxamine and the synthetic reversed siderophore RSFileum2, are prototypes of antimalarial agents whose action spectra differ in the speed of action, stage dependence, a...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.1.61
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ceftolozane-tazobactam, a combination of the novel antipseudomonal cephalosporin ceftolozane and the well-established extended-spectrum β-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam, is approved for treating complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI) and complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI) in adults. To determine doses ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02578-18
更新日期:2019-05-24 00:00:00