Maternal near-miss surveillance, Namibia.

Abstract:

Objective:To analyse and improve the Namibian maternity care system by implementing maternal near-miss surveillance during 1 October 2018 and 31 March 2019, and identifying the challenges and benefits of such data collection. Methods:From the results of an initial feasibility study, we adapted the World Health Organization's criteria defining a maternal near miss to the Namibian health-care system. We visited most (27 out of 35) participating facilities before implementation and provided training on maternal near-miss identification and data collection. We visited all facilities at the end of the surveillance period to verify recorded data and to give staff the opportunity to provide feedback. Findings:During the 6-month period, we recorded 37 106 live births, 298 maternal near misses (8.0 per 1000 live births) and 23 maternal deaths (62.0 per 100 000 live births). We observed that obstetric haemorrhage and hypertensive disorders were the most common causes of maternal near misses (each 92/298; 30.9%). Of the 49 maternal near misses due to pregnancies with abortive outcomes, ectopic pregnancy was the most common cause (36/298; 12.1%). Fetal or neonatal outcomes were poor; only 50.3% (157/312) of the infants born to maternal near-miss mothers went home with their mother. Conclusion:Maternal near-miss surveillance is a useful intervention to identify within-country challenges, such as lack of access to caesarean section or hysterectomy. Knowledge of these challenges can be used by policy-makers and programme managers in the development of locally tailored targeted interventions to improve maternal outcome in their setting. Objectif:Analyser et améliorer le système de soins obstétricaux namibien en instaurant une surveillance des décès maternels évités de justesse durant la période comprise entre le 1er octobre 2018 et le 31 mars 2019. Cerner les défis et avantages que représente une telle collecte de données. Méthodes:En nous fondant sur les résultats d'une étude de faisabilité initiale, nous avons adapté les critères employés par l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé pour définir les décès maternels évités de justesse et les avons appliqués au système de santé namibien. Nous sommes allés dans la plupart (27 sur 35) des établissements participants avant la mise en œuvre, et avons organisé des formations consacrées à l'identification des décès maternels évités de justesse et à la collecte de données. Nous avons également rendu visite à l'ensemble des établissements à l'issue de la période de surveillance afin de vérifier les données recueillies et de donner au personnel soignant l'occasion d'exprimer son avis. Résultats:Durant cette période de 6 mois, nous avons enregistré 37 106 naissances vivantes, 298 décès maternels évités de justesse (8,0 pour 1000 naissances vivantes) et 23 décès maternels (62,0 pour 100 000 naissances vivantes). Nous avons constaté que les causes les plus fréquentes de décès maternels évités de justesse étaient les hémorragies obstétricales et les problèmes d'hypertension (92/298 pour l'une comme pour l'autre; 30,9%). Sur les 49 décès maternels évités de justesse liés à des grossesses infructueuses, la cause la plus répandue était la grossesse extra-utérine (36/298; 12,1%). Le nombre d'issues fœtales ou néonatales était faible; à peine 50,3% (157/312) des bébés nés de femmes ayant évité un décès de justesse sont rentrés avec leur mère à la sortie de l'hôpital. Conclusion:La surveillance des décès maternels évités de justesse est une intervention utile pour identifier les défis auxquels est confronté le pays, comme le manque d'accès aux césariennes ou aux hystérectomies. S'ils sont conscients de ces défis, les législateurs et responsables de programmes peuvent développer des actions ciblées et adaptées aux spécificités locales afin d'améliorer la santé maternelle dans leur région. Objetivo:Analizar y mejorar el sistema de atención de maternidad de Namibia al implementar la vigilancia de la morbilidad materna extrema durante el 1 de octubre de 2018 y el 31 de marzo de 2019, e identificar los retos y los beneficios de esa recopilación de datos. Métodos:A partir de los resultados de un estudio inicial de viabilidad, se adaptaron los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud que definen la morbilidad materna extrema al sistema de atención sanitaria de Namibia. Se visitaron la mayoría (27 de 35) de los centros participantes antes de la implementación y se impartió capacitación sobre la identificación de los casos de morbilidad materna extrema y la recopilación de datos. Se visitaron todos los centros al final del periodo de vigilancia para verificar los datos registrados y dar al personal la oportunidad de proporcionar información. Resultados:Durante el periodo de 6 meses, se registraron 37 106 nacimientos vivos, 298 casos de morbilidad materna extrema (8,0 por cada 1000 nacimientos vivos) y 23 muertes maternas (62,0 por cada 100 000 nacimientos vivos). Se observó que las hemorragias obstétricas y los trastornos hipertensivos fueron las causas más comunes de las morbilidades maternas extremas (cada una de ellas 92/298; 30,9 %). De los 49 casos de morbilidad materna extrema por embarazos cuyo resultado fue un aborto, el embarazo ectópico fue la causa más común (36/298; 12,1 %). Los resultados fetales o neonatales fueron deficientes; solo el 50,3 % (157/312) de los infantes nacidos de madres con morbilidad materna extrema regresaron a casa junto con sus madres quienes habían sido dadas de alta. Conclusión:La vigilancia de la morbilidad materna extrema es una intervención de gran utilidad para identificar las dificultades que existen dentro del país, como la falta de acceso a la intervención de cesárea o la histerectomía. Los responsables de formular las políticas y los gestores de los programas pueden utilizar el conocimiento de estas dificultades en la elaboración de iniciativas focalizadas y adaptadas a las necesidades locales para mejorar los resultados de la maternidad en su entorno. :الغرض تحليل وتحسين نظام رعاية الأمومة في ناميبيا عن طريق تنفيذ مراقبة حالات نجاة الأمهات من الوفاة المؤكدة، خلال الفترة من 1 أكتوبر/تشرين أول 2018 إلى 31 مارس/آذار 2019، وتحديد التحديات والفوائد تجميع هذه البيانات. الطريقة من نتائج دراسة الجدوى الأولية، قمنا بتكييف معايير منظمة الصحة العالمية التي تُعرّف حالة نجاة الأمهات من الوفاة شبه المؤكدة، في نظام الرعاية الصحية الناميبي. قمنا بزيارة معظم المنشآت المشاركة (27 من إجمالي 35) قبل التنفيذ، وقدمنا التدريب على تحديد حالات نجاة الأمهات من الموت شبه المؤكدة، وجمع البيانات. وقمنا بزيارة جميع المنشآت في نهاية فترة المراقبة للتحقق من البيانات المسجلة، ولإعطاء فريق العمل فرصة تقديم الملاحظات. النتائج خلال فترة 6 أشهر، قمنا بتسجيل 37106 حالة ولادة حية، و298 حالة نجاة للأمهات من الوفاة المؤكدة (8.0 لكل 1000 حالة ولادة حية)، و23 حالة وفاة للأمهات (62.0 لكل 100000 حالة ولادة حية). ولاحظنا أن النزيف أثناء الولادة، واضطرابات فرط ضغط الدم، كانت أكثر الأسباب شيوعاً لحالات قرب الأمهات من الوفاة (كل 92/298؛ 30.9%). من بين 49 حالة نجاة لأمهات من الوفاة شبه المؤكدة بسبب الحمل مع نتائج للإجهاض، كان الحمل خارج الرحم هو السبب الأكثر شيوعاً (36/298؛ 12.1%). كانت النتائج المتعلقة بالجنين أو الأطفال حديثي الولادة بسيطة؛ فقط 50.3% (157/312) من المواليد وُلدوا لأمهات كانت على وشك الوفاة المؤكدة، وعادوا إلى المنزل مع أمهاتهم بعد الولادة. الاستنتاج تعد مراقبة حالات نجاة الأمهات من الوفاة شبه المؤكدة، تدخلاً مفيداً لتحديد التحديات داخل البلد، مثل عدم توفر فرصة العملية القيصرية أو استئصال الرحم. إن معرفة هذه التحديات يمكن استغلالها من جانب صانعي السياسات ومديري البرامج في تطوير التدخلات المستهدفة المصممة محلياً، لتحسين نتائج الولادة في بيئاتهم. 目标:旨在通过于 2018 年 10 月 1 日和 2019 年 3 月 31 日期间实施危重孕产妇监测来分析和改善纳米比亚孕产妇护理系统,并确定收集此类数据的挑战和益处。. 方法:根据初步可行性研究的结果,我们调整了世界卫生组织定义危重孕产妇的标准,使之适用于纳米比亚的医疗保健系统。在实施之前,我们访问了大部分参与机构(35 家中的 27 家),并对其进行有关危重孕产妇的识别和数据收集培训。我们在监测期结束时访问了所有机构以核实记录的数据,并为工作人员提供分享反馈的机会。. 结果:在这 6 个月期间,我们记录了 37,106 例活产儿,298 例危重孕产妇(每 1000 例活产儿中有 8.0 例)和 23 例孕产妇死亡(每 100000 例活产儿中有 62.0 例)。我们发现,产科出血和高血压疾病是导致危重孕产妇最常见的原因(均为 92/298;30.9%)。在 49 例最终导致流产的危重孕产妇中,宫外孕是最常见的原因(36/298;12.1%)。胎儿或新生儿生命体征弱;危重孕产妇生下的婴儿中,只有 50.3% (157/312) 的婴儿可以和母亲一起出院回家。. 结论:危重孕产妇监测是一种有效识别国内挑战的干预手段,例如缺乏实施剖腹产或子宫切除术的机会。政策制定者和计划管理者可以利用对这些挑战的了解来针对当地状况制定干预措施,以改善纳米比亚医疗背景下的孕产妇结果。. Цель:Анализ и совершенствование действующей системы охраны материнства в Намибии посредством мониторинга осложнений при родах, представляющих угрозу для жизни, в период с 1 октября 2018 г. по 31 марта 2019 г., а также выявление проблем и преимуществ такого сбора данных. Методы:Ориентируясь на результаты предварительного анализа осуществимости, авторы адаптировали критерии Всемирной организации здравоохранения, определяющие понятие осложнений при родах, представляющих угрозу для жизни, к реалиям системы здравоохранения в Намибии. До начала мониторинга авторы посетили большую часть (27 из 35) учреждений, участвовавших в исследовании, и провели обучение по выявлению осложнений при родах, представляющих угрозу для жизни, и сбору данных. По окончании периода мониторинга авторы посетили все учреждения, чтобы проверить точность зарегистрированных данных и предоставить персоналу возможность высказать свое мнение. Результаты:На протяжении 6 месяцев наблюдений авторами было зарегистрировано 37 106 живорожденных, 298 случаев осложнений при родах, представлявших угрозу для жизни (8,0 на 1000 живорожденных), и 23 случая материнской смерти (62,0 случая на 100 000 живорожденных). Согласно наблюдениям, кровотечения в родах и гипертензивные расстройства были наиболее распространенными причинами осложнений при родах, представляющих угрозу для жизни (каждая из причин составляла 92 из 298 случаев, 30,9%). В 49 случаях осложнений, представлявших угрозу для жизни, в результате беременности, завершившейся выкидышем, наиболее распространенной причиной была внематочная беременность (36 случаев из 298, 12,1%). Показатели здоровья плода или новорожденного были низкими: только 50,3% (157 из 312) младенцев, рожденных матерями, имевшими осложнения при родах, представлявшими угрозу для жизни, были выписаны вместе с матерями. Вывод:Мониторинг осложнений во время родов, представляющих угрозу для жизни, является полезным вмешательством, позволяющим выявить проблемы внутри страны, такие как недостаточный доступ к кесареву сечению или гистерэктомии. Понимание этих проблем может помочь руководителям программ и лицам, принимающим решения, в разработке специализированных программ вмешательств на местах для улучшения состояния здоровья матерей в соответствующих условиях.

authors

Heemelaar S,Josef M,Diener Z,Chipeio M,Stekelenburg J,van den Akker T,Mackenzie S

doi

10.2471/BLT.20.251371

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-08-01 00:00:00

pages

548-557

issue

8

eissn

0042-9686

issn

1564-0604

pii

BLT.20.251371

journal_volume

98

pub_type

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    authors:

    更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00

  • Host-parasite relationship of Bulinus truncatus and Schistosoma haematobium in Iran. 4. Effect of month of infection on cercarial-incubation periods of S. haematobium and S. bovis.

    abstract::Studies were conducted each month for one year to determine the cercarial-incubation periods of Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma bovis in Bulinus truncatus for different months of infection. The snails were kept in outdoor aquaria in order to simulate the natural temperature conditions in the endemic bilharzias...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Chu KY,Massoud J,Sabbaghian H

    更新日期:1966-01-01 00:00:00

  • Growing recognition of transgender health.

    abstract::Stigma, discrimination and lack of legal recognition remain major barriers for transgender people to access the health services they need. Vijay Shankar Balakrishnan reports. ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 新闻

    doi:10.2471/BLT.16.021116

    authors:

    更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00

  • Reactions and serologic responses to monovalent acetone-inactivated typhoid vaccine and heat-killed TAB when given by jet injection.

    abstract::Monovalent acetone-inactivated typhoid vaccine and heat-killed TAB caused local reactions in 82-88% of volunteers vaccinated by jet injection, whereas they caused local reactions in only 24% of volunteers injected by means of a conventional syringe. Both vaccines induced a high seroconversion rate to typhoid H antigen...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:

    authors: Edwards EA,Johnson DP,Pierce WE,Peckinpaugh RO

    更新日期:1974-01-01 00:00:00

  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from Ethiopia 2. Pair correlations between minimal inhibitory concentration values of five antibiotics and frequency of multiple antibiotic resistance.

    abstract::The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of penicillin, ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and streptomycin for 500 gonococcal strains were studied for product-moment coefficient correlations. The strains were isolated from male patients with acute gonococcal urethritis attending the Venereal Disease ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Gedebou M,Tassew A

    更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00

  • A proposal to declare neurocysticercosis an international reportable disease.

    abstract::Neurocysticercosis is an infection of the nervous system caused by Taenia solium. It is the most important human parasitic neurological disease and a common cause of epilepsy in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, representing enormous costs for anticonvulsants, medical resources and lost production. Neurocysticercosis i...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Román G,Sotelo J,Del Brutto O,Flisser A,Dumas M,Wadia N,Botero D,Cruz M,Garcia H,de Bittencourt PR,Trelles L,Arriagada C,Lorenzana P,Nash TE,Spina-França A

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Participants' understanding of informed consent in clinical trials over three decades: systematic review and meta-analysis.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the proportion of participants in clinical trials who understand different components of informed consent. METHODS:Relevant studies were identified by a systematic review of PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar and by manually reviewing reference lists for publications up to October 2013. A meta-ana...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.2471/BLT.14.141390

    authors: Tam NT,Huy NT,Thoa le TB,Long NP,Trang NT,Hirayama K,Karbwang J

    更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00

  • Dengue type 1 epidemic with haemorrhagic manifestations in Fiji, 1989-90.

    abstract::A dengue type 1 epidemic occurred in Fiji between July 1989 and July 1990. Virus isolation in C6/36 cell cultures and Toxorhynchites mosquitos yielded 36 strains. Of the 3686 cases recorded by the Ministry of Health, 60% involved indigenous Fijians and 37%, Indians. A house-to-house survey revealed that a large majori...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Fagbami AH,Mataika JU,Shrestha M,Gubler DJ

    更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00

  • Experience with live rubella virus vaccine combined with live vaccines against measles and mumps.

    abstract::Vaccination of pre-school children in the 1-7-years age-group for the specific prophylaxis of mumps and rubella is often difficult to arrange because of the already large number of inoculations given to these children. Combined vaccines to protect against measles, mumps and rubella should therefore be a valuable devel...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Smorodintsev AA,Nasibov MN,Jakovleva NV

    更新日期:1970-01-01 00:00:00

  • Interventions for the control of diarrhoeal diseases among young children: measles immunization.

    abstract::The effects of measles immunization on diarrhea morbidity and mortality are reviewed using data from field studies and theoretical calculations. 2 types of measles-associated diarrhea are distinguished: with-measles diarrhea, which starts between 1 week prerash-onset and 4 weeks postrash-onset, and postmeasles diarr...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Feachem RG,Koblinsky MA

    更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00