Abstract：
PURPOSE:To review methods of assessing bulbar redness, particularly with respect to the practicality of comparing different rating systems. METHODS:The published literature was reviewed and discussed by a panel of experts and a narrative review prepared. RESULTS:Bulbar hyperemia is a common clinical sign and an important indicator of ocular disease. As bulbar hyperemia is a frequent side effect of topical glaucoma medications, accurate objective measurement is important to allow comparison of clinical studies. A number of different measurement systems have evolved to allow quantification of subjectively assessed redness to be rendered into a form that allows between-treatment comparisons and longitudinal changes in both clinical research and practice. Whereas widespread use of image-based rating scales has improved the assessment of bulbar redness in clinical practice and clinical research, these techniques are less than ideal. The scales are subject to an intrinsic subjectivity and are suboptimal in differentiating the physiologic phenomenon of bulbar hyperemia. There is also a degree of interobserver and intraobserver variation; in some studies, average variation in scores exceed half the extent of the whole scale. Moreover, a lack of interscale validation has led to confusion in comparing the results from clinical studies that use different scales. In a recent series of studies, cross-calibration between the various scales in use has been attempted. CONCLUSIONS:Whereas naive comparisons between the results obtained in studies using different bulbar redness scales can lead to erroneous conclusions, the tools exist to permit meaningful comparisons between rating systems and scales.
journal_name
Eur J Ophthalmoljournal_title
European journal of ophthalmologyauthors
Baudouin C,Barton K,Cucherat M,Traverso Cdoi
10.5301/ejo.5000626subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-07-01 00:00:00pages
273-9issue
4eissn
1120-6721issn
1724-6016pii
5BC371D3-283D-48A2-BED1-4A2828F92540journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：PURPOSE:Ibopamine is a prodrug of N-methyldopamine that has a non-cycloplegic mydriatic action due to its alpha-adrenergic properties and is able to induce, when topically given, a transient increase of intraocular pressure (IOP) in eyes with hydrodynamic disorders. METHODS:This is a randomized, crossover, open-labele...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Characterize the safety and tolerability of lifitegrast ophthalmic solution 5.0% for the treatment of dry eye disease. METHODS:Pooled data from five randomized controlled trials were analyzed. Key inclusion criteria were adults with dry eye disease (Schirmer tear test score ⩾1 and ⩽10 mm, eye dryness score ⩾40...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/1120672118791936
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To report variation of choroidal thickness (CT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in subjects with drusen and subjects with reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) compared with healthy individuals using the Spectral-domain (SD)-Optical Coherence Tomography with enhanced depth imaging (EDI) system. DESIGN:A prospecti...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/1120672121992009
更新日期：2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) to argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) as treatment and retreatment to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with uncontrolled open-angle glaucoma (OAG) on maximally tolerated medication therapy with a follow-up of 12 months. METHODS:A total...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/112067210901900317
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare 4 limbal-conjunctival autograft fixation techniques-conventional suture, commercial fibrin glue, autologous fibrin glue, and cautery-in primary nasal pterygium surgery. METHODS:This is a retrospective and descriptive study. The postoperative patient discomfort, graft edema, ocular inflammation, and ...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5301/ejo.5000924
更新日期：2017-06-26 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare glare disability test results in patients with hydrophilic and hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOL). METHODS:Sixty eyes of 60 patients were studied in three groups of 20. Each eye in Group 1 had a single-piece hydrophilic acrylic (Bioacryl, Biotech, France) IOL implant, and each eye in Group...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/112067210401400103
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate whether the central corneal thickness (CCT) shows alterations in Graves disease and Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) cases according to the disease severity and hormonal status of the patients. METHODS:A total of 150 patients (62 male, 88 female) with Graves disease and 32 control subjects (11 male, 2...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5301/EJO.2008.399
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine retinal displacement after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling for epiretinal membrane treatment, and to determine the correlation between the extent of displacement and the ganglion cell layer thickness changes. METHODS:Thirty-nine consecutive patients were evaluated. Optical coheren...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/1120672119894887
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To quantify the maximal level of temperature and the time the maximal temperature is achieved and correlate the temperature parameters to the mean rate of endothelial cell loss after standardized ultrasound delivery assisted with four viscoelastic substances or different temperature of balanced salt solution (B...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Reconstruction of the ocular surface is challenging. As an alternative to mucosal and limbal epithelial, we study the feasibility of cultivated human conjunctival epithelial (HCjE) cells of patients with total limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). METHODS:We studied superior forniceal conjunctival biopsies harve...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5301/ejo.5000511
更新日期：2014-11-06 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the symptoms, signs, and results of objective tests for dry eye syndrome (DES) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and controls. METHODS:A total of 104 children with T1DM and 104 age- and sex-matched controls were compared in terms of the symptoms, signs, and results of objective tests for D...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/112067210701700601
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess the safety and efficacy of hybrid vitreous surgery combining active 23-G ports with a sutured 20-G 6-mm infusion cannula for performing vitrectomy in endophthalmitis and trauma. METHODS:This is a retrospective analysis of 10 eyes with endophthalmitis and 10 eyes with trauma requiring vitreous surgery...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5301/ejo.5000988
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate perioperative changes in blood coagulation in patients undergoing retinal detachment surgery. MATERIALS:Prospective study of 56 patients, aged from 19 to 82 (mean +/- S.D. 53 +/- 16.8) years, undergoing retinal detachment surgery (encirclement with scleral buckling) under general anesthesia. Exclud...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/112067210001000408
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To check whether three months' follow-up is sufficient to determine endothelial cell loss after cataract surgery and whether this value depends on preoperative central endothelial cell density. METHODS:A two-year prospective assessment of central endothelial cell density was done in 60 eyes after phacoemulsifi...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/112067210201200106
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate choroidal thickness, macular thickness, and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in amblyopic eyes compared to fellow and normal control eyes using high-definition spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS:Fifty-four without any systemic problem and ocular d...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5301/ejo.5000594
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of systemic medications are known to cause macular toxicity, and bull's eye maculopathy is caused by some of them like hydroxychloroquine and clofazimine. A 55-year-old female, known case of vitiligo with history of undergoing methoxsalen-ultraviolet A therapy, presented with painless defective vision in both...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/1120672120907317
更新日期：2020-02-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Purpose. Extraocular muscle (EOM) pulleys are important in eye movement physiology and may play a role in the outcome of strabismus surgery. Few studies have evaluated "normal" position of EOM pulleys. We sought to assess intraoperatively medial rectus (MR) pulley location and variations in a prospective observational...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5301/ejo.5000187
更新日期：2013-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To study the effect of deep sclerectomy (DS) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and exfoliative glaucoma (EXG). METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect of DS in 235 consecutive eyes. Eyes were divided into 2 groups according to glaucoma subtype: POAG (127 eyes) and...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5301/ejo.5000762
更新日期：2016-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the ocular and orbital complications observed in children treated for retinoblastoma. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:We retrospectively studied 73 children (39 boys, 34 girls) suffering from retinoblastoma. Thirty-six had bilateral tumor and 37 unilateral disease for a total of 109 eyes affected. The foll...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In renal failure the incidence of pingueculae is significantly higher than in a comparable control group but there is no evidence that the calcific precipitation in renal failure is of a dystrophic nature. The lime salts are not located within the area of elastotic degeneration, a prerequisite for dystrophic degenerat...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To report a case of spontaneous extrusion of a stainless steel glaucoma drainage implant (Ex-PRESS). METHODS:An Ex-PRESS was implanted under the conjunctiva in a 76-year-old man with primary open-angle glaucoma. RESULTS:Two years after implantation, the Ex-Press extruded spontaneously. Despite this adverse ev...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To asses visual quality after bilateral implantation of the Acri.LISA 366D intraocular lens (IOL) (Carl Zeiss Meditec) in patients with high and low-moderate myopia. METHODS:A total of 304 eyes of 152 patients had bilateral implantation of the Acri.LISA 366D IOL. The patients were divided into 2 groups: low-mo...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/112067211002000111
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To review published literature concerning cataract surgery and dry eye disease (DED). METHODS:A search was undertaken using the following: PubMed (all years), Web of Science (all years), Ovid MEDLINE(R) (1946 to 12 December 2019), Ovid MEDLINE(R) Daily Update 10 December 2019, MEDLINE and MEDLINE non-indexed items...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/1120672120929958
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess eye movements pattern during reading process in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) using a microperimeter. METHODS:Thirty-two patients with POAG at early and moderate stage, according to Glaucoma Staging System 2, and 34 healthy age- and sex-matched subjects were included in the study. ...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5301/ejo.5000397
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Mutations in the ABCA4 gene result in a broad spectrum of severe retinal degeneration, including Stargardt macular dystrophy, fundus flavimaculatus, autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa, and cone-rod dystrophy. In addition to the detection of well-characterized mutations, genetic testing frequently yields n...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5301/ejo.5001019
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To review the current practice of retreatment with Ozurdex injections in patients with macular edema (ME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO), and to recommend simple guidelines for Ozurdex reinjection in management of RVO. METHODS:This was a multicenter retrospective study of patients who received more ...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.5301/ejo.5000376
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral steroids when combined with long-term oral azathioprine (AZA) and orbital radiotherapy in patients with active thyroid-related restrictive myopathy. METHODS:A total of 88 patients from adnexal outpatient clinics of Bristol Eye Hospital, UK, and 2nd Department of Opht...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.5301/ejo.5000463
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To describe a patient with Leber miliary aneurysms who fulfilled the criteria for clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) in remission. METHODS:Case report. RESULTS:We performed a complete ophthalmologic examination in a 45-year-old woman who was referred to our department for retinal vascular abnormaliti...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/112067210901900428
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To describe a strategy to reduce Covid-19 spread among healthcare workers and provide ophthalmologists with recommendations useful for a possible second wave of Covid-19 in Autumn. METHODS:Epidemiological surveillance at the Cà Foncello Hospital (Veneto, Italy) since 24 February 2020 to 24 April 2020 when the ...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/1120672120982520
更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This prospective, randomized, double-masked, clinical trial was designed to evaluate visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, subjective quality of vision, and quality of life in 47 patients symmetrically, and randomly, implanted with 4 different IOL designs (SN6AD1, SN60D3, ReZoom NXG1, and Tecnis ZMA00), 3 months...
journal_title：European journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.5301/EJO.2011.8371
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
