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Risk factors associated with Leishmania exposure among dogs in a rural area of Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil.

Abstract：

INTRODUCTION:We sought to determine risk factors (RFs) associated with the presence of antibodies against Leishmania in dogs from a rural area of Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil. METHODS:Serum samples were collected from 250 dogs and tested using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence antibody tests (IFATs). Data concerning dogs, their environment, and their owners' knowledge of leishmaniasis were collected using a questionnaire. To determine RFs for contact with the parasite, univariate statistical analysis based on chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests, followed by logistic regression, was used. RESULTS:It was found that 79/250 (31.6%) of the dogs were positive by IFAT, and 72/250 (28.8%) by ELISA. A total of 82/250 dogs (32.8%) were positive in at least one test. The RFs associated with occurrences of Leishmania exposure were large body size (OR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.26-4.04; p = 0.003), presence of chickens (OR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.05-3.65; p = 0.023), and lack of knowledge about Leishmania among dog owners (OR = 1.74; 95% CI = 0.96-3.21; p = 0.049). After multivariate analysis, the RFs for occurrence of Leishmania exposure in dogs that remained significantly associated were the dog's size (large dogs) (OR = 1.2; 95% CI = 1.06-1.35; p = 0.003) and presence of chickens on the properties (small farms) (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.02-1.30; p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS:These results may be useful for improving preventive practices to reduce the incidence of Leishmania exposure among dogs in rural areas.

journal_name

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop

journal_title

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

authors

Spada JCP,Silva DTD,Alves ML,Cárdenas NC,Inlamea OF,Faria GA,Ferreira AG,Silva HR,Oliveira TMFS,Buzetti WAS

doi

10.1590/0037-8682-0059-2020

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-09-11 00:00:00

pages

e20200059

eissn

0037-8682

issn

1678-9849

pii

S0037-86822020000100340

journal_volume

53

pub_type

杂志文章

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