The potential impact of coinfection on antimicrobial chemotherapy and drug resistance.

abstract：:Virulence of many bacterial pathogens is based, at least in part, on the action of phospholipases. The consequences may be immediate and direct, as in the action of Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin on red cells or platelets, or subtle, as with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipases of Listeria monocytogenes a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Songer JG

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rolling circle DNA replication is inherently continuous and unregulated. This 'go-for-broke' strategy works well for lytic phages but is suicidal for plasmids that must coexist with their host. Plasmids have consequently evolved elaborate copy number control systems that operate at the transcriptional, translational a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rasooly A,Rasooly RS

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogenic Yersinia express a complex array of iron-regulated functions and possess mechanisms for inorganic iron and hemin acquisition. These include a unique temperature-regulated hemin storage system, high-affinity transport processes for hemin and inorganic iron, and an iron-responsive regulatory system controllin...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Perry RD

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of bacterial cells to use small signalling molecules to monitor population growth may help them to react rapidly to environmental change. Regulatory systems made up of a small sensor molecule, an N-acyl homoserine lactone and a protein effector have been identified recently in a wide range of Gram-negative...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Swift S,Bainton NJ,Winson MK

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spectacular failure of the existing bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine in recent tuberculosis-control trials has prompted a search for potential replacements. Imaginative approaches currently under development include the modulation of BCG by the production of auxotrophic mutants or cytokine-secreting recombina...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Orme IM

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During cellular entry and infection, the parvovirus capsid follows a complex path from the cell surface to the nucleus, where the DNA is replicated. Various receptors have been characterized that bind to different parvoviruses and mediate their entry into cells. However, the subsequent trafficking pathways within the ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Harbison CE,Chiorini JA,Parrish CR

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant root activities shape microbial community functioning in the soil, making the rhizosphere the epicenter of soil biogeochemical processes. With this opinion article, we argue to rethink the rhizosphere boundaries: as gases can diffuse several centimeters away from the roots into the soil, the portion of soil infl...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： de la Porte A,Schmidt R,Yergeau É,Constant P

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria must segregate their DNA and position a septum to grow and divide. In many bacteria, MinD is involved in spatial regulation of the cytokinetic Z ring, and ParAs are involved in chromosome and plasmid segregation. The use of the MinD/ParA family to provide positional information for spatial organization contin...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Lutkenhaus J

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Corynebacterium glutamicum, a Gram-positive soil bacterium, is used for the production of l-glutamate and l-lysine, both of which are derived from intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Recent studies have revealed that this amphibolic pathway is subject to complex regulation not only at the transcriptio...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Bott M

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus populations in infected individuals consist of quasispecies with diverse mutations. These quasispecies have different biological properties, and the analysis of these variants has led to new interpretations of viral persistence, carcinogenesis and resistance to interferon therapy. ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Enomoto N,Sato C

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclopentenone prostanoids inhibit virus replication by turning on an intracellular defence response that involves the induction of cytoprotective heat-shock proteins, the modification of viral glycoprotein maturation and the control of NF-kappa B activation. These molecules represent an interesting model for the deve...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Santoro MG

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endogenous circadian clock of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus controls many cellular processes and confers an adaptive advantage on this organism in a competitive environment. To be advantageous, this internal biological oscillator must be reset daily to remain in synchrony with its environment and to t...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Mackey SR,Golden SS

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the lack of an in vitro replication system, genes coding for viral proteins of hepatitis C virus have been identified. The putative nucleocapsid (p22) and envelope (gp35 and gp58) proteins have been expressed in cells by different vectors under various foreign promoters. Detection of antibodies to these protei...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Miyamura T,Matsuura Y

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The SOS response is an essential process for responding to DNA damage in bacteria. The expression of SOS genes is under the control of LexA, a global transcription factor that undergoes self-cleavage during stress to allow the expression of DNA repair functions and delay cell division until the damage is rectified. Le...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Fornelos N,Browning DF,Butala M

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Filamentous phages are small, highly evolved parasites that can reproduce and disseminate without killing their host. During assembly, virion proteins are transferred from the host membrane to the single-stranded DNA phase genome and simultaneously secreted from the cell. Filamentous phage assembly shares certain feat...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Russel M

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protozoans of the genus Plasmodium are the causative agents of malaria; they have a complex life cycle involving vertebrate and arthropod hosts and have three distinct invasive stages. Although the invasive stages probably invade cells using similar mechanisms, each stage has a different host cell specificity and util...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Sinnis P,Sim BK

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Defensins and cathelicidins are prevalent and essential gastrointestinal cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs). However, these defensive peptides are not infallible because certain enteropathogens can overcome their protective function. Furthermore, impaired defensin synthesis has been linked to the occurrence of Cro...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Peyrin-Biroulet L,Vignal C,Dessein R,Simonet M,Desreumaux P,Chamaillard M

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The term 'type III secretion' has seen widespread use. However, problems persist in nomenclature. We propose that the standard abbreviation for this kind of secretion should be 'T3S' and that 'type III secretion system' should be abbreviated to 'T3SS'. There is also a need for a new terminology to distinguish flagella...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Desvaux M,Hébraud M,Henderson IR,Pallen MJ

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of biofilms is initiated by bacteria transitioning from the planktonic to the surface-associated mode of growth. Several regulatory systems have been described to govern the initiation and subsequent formation of biofilms. Recent evidence suggests that regulatory networks governing the decision of bacter...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Chambers JR,Sauer K

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rumen of sheep and cattle represents a mobile, self-sustaining fermentation system for plant material. Analysis of the rumen flora continues to provide fundamental knowledge of anaerobic microbiology and is now yielding microbial genes that have potential in biotechnology. Recent research has provided fascinating ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Flint HJ

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Entomopathogenic fungi are attracting attention as potential biological control agents of insect pests. The mechanisms of pathogenesis have parallels with those of some plant-pathogenic fungi, particularly in the areas of formation of an infection structure, entry into the host and toxin-mediated host death. Understan...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Clarkson JM,Charnley AK

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungal infections are on the rise due to new medical procedures that have increased the number of immune compromised patients, antibacterial antibiotics that disrupt the microbiome, and increased use of indwelling medical devices that provide sites for biofilm formation. Key to understanding the mechanisms of pathogen...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Min K,Neiman AM,Konopka JB

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In nongrowing microbes, proteome turnover is reduced and identification of newly synthesized, low-abundance proteins is challenging. Babin and colleagues recently utilized bio-orthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) to identify actively synthesized proteins in nongrowing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, discovering...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Henry TC,Brynildsen MP

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The forms of African trypanosomes that live in tsetse fly vectors are coated with lipid-anchored proteins and glycoproteins known collectively as procyclins. Procyclins are expressed during development in the fly in a multiplicity of isoforms yet their functions remain unknown. Recent studies involving a multidiscipli...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Pearson TW

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One strategy for neutralizing retroviral infectivity is to induce the incorporation of lethal fusion proteins, such as capsid protein-nuclease fusions, into the virion during the normal viral assembly process. Genes encoding such antiviral fusion proteins must be nontoxic to the host, lethal to the virus, and must be ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Boeke JD,Hahn B

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deeper understanding of the bacteriostatic and bactericidal mechanisms of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) should help in the design of new antibacterial agents. Over several decades, a variety of biochemical assays have been applied to bulk bacterial cultures. While some of these bulk assays provide time resolution of t...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Choi H,Rangarajan N,Weisshaar JC

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human coronaviruses (HCoVs), including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, are zoonotic pathogens that originated in wild animals. HCoVs have large genomes that encode a fixed array of structural and nonstructural components, as well as a variety of accessory proteins that differ in number and sequence even among closely related C...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Forni D,Cagliani R,Clerici M,Sironi M

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new genetic locus mediating avirulence in the potato late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans has been discovered. The Avr3b-Avr10-Avr11 locus is recognized by three different potato resistance genes, and is different from other Avr loci that have been identified thus far. This locus encodes a large protein with ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Qutob D,Tedman-Jones J,Gijzen M

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Fungi comprise a diverse kingdom of eukaryotes that are characterized by a typically filamentous but sometimes unicellular vegetative form, and heterotrophic, absorptive nutrition. Their simple morphologies and variable ecological strategies have confounded efforts to elucidate their limits, phylogenetic relations...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： McLaughlin DJ,Hibbett DS,Lutzoni F,Spatafora JW,Vilgalys R

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of quality control mechanisms to stall developmental pathways or completely remove defective cells from a population is a widespread strategy to ensure the integrity of morphogenetic programs. Endospore formation (sporulation) is a well conserved microbial developmental strategy in the Firmicutes phylum wherei...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Decker AR,Ramamurthi KS

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00