The epidemiology and clinical spectrum of infections of the central nervous system in adults in north India.

Abstract:

:Infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are a leading cause of mortality in low- and middle-income countries. We studied the spectrum, aetiology and outcome of CNS infections in 401 consecutive patients aged ≥12 years admitted at the medical emergency centre of PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. An aetiological diagnosis was made in 365 (91.0%) patients, with 149 (40.8%) microbiologically confirmed cases. CNS tuberculosis was the most prevalent cause (51.5%), followed by viral meningoencephalitis (13.9%), community-acquired bacterial meningitis (9.7%), cryptococcal meningitis (6.2%), scrub typhus meningoencephalitis (1.7%), neurocysticercosis (1.7%) and fungal brain abscess (1.7%). Human immunodeficiency virus (11.0%) and diabetes mellitus (6.2%) remained the usual predisposing conditions. We found a mortality rate of 27.9%, highest in cases without an aetiology (64.5%). Tuberculosis remained the most common cause; however, an increasing number of scrub typhus, dengue, fungal infections and non-classical bacterial pathogens may indicate a change in the epidemiology of community-acquired CNS infections in India.

journal_name

Trop Doct

journal_title

Tropical doctor

authors

Kumar D,Pannu AK,Dhibar DP,Singh R,Kumari S

doi

10.1177/0049475520959905

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2021-01-01 00:00:00

pages

48-57

issue

1

eissn

0049-4755

issn

1758-1133

journal_volume

51

pub_type

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