Children's Headache: Drawings in the Diagnostic Work Up.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:This study aims to evaluate the drawings effectiveness in childhood headache assessment. BACKGROUND:Headache is a common cause of pain in children. Although drawings have been used in childhood to recognize psychological insights and pain perception, they were rarely used for headache characterization. METHODS:We collected drawings from 67 subjects with cephalalgia during a 22-month timeframe. The clinical diagnosis was made according to the 2nd edition of The International Headache Classification. Drawings were independently categorized as migraine or tension-type headache (TTH) by two child neuropsychiatrists blinded to the clinical data. Cohen kappa for interrater agreement, sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) were calculated. Subjects were also divided into three age groups to assess the influence of age. Finally, a control group of 90 subjects was collected and K-means cluster analysis was performed. RESULTS:The drawings had a sensitivity of 85.71 and 81.48%, a specificity of 81.48 and 85.71%, and a PPV of 85.71 and 81.48%, for migraine and TTH diagnosis, respectively. Drawings by the older age group showed the highest predictability degree. Finally, by mean of cluster analysis, 59 of the 67 patients were correctly classified, whereas control subjects were similarly distributed between the two clusters. CONCLUSIONS:Drawings are a useful instrument for migraine and TTH differential diagnosis. Thus, we suggest their inclusion in childhood headache diagnostic assessment.

journal_name

Neuropediatrics

journal_title

Neuropediatrics

authors

Mazzotta S,Pavlidis E,Cordori C,Spagnoli C,Pini LA,Pisani F

doi

10.1055/s-0035-1550147

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-08-01 00:00:00

pages

261-8

issue

4

eissn

0174-304X

issn

1439-1899

journal_volume

46

pub_type

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