Mdr1a, Bcrp and Mrp2 regulate the efficacy and toxicity of mesaconitine and hypaconitine by altering their tissue accumulation and in vivo residence.

abstract：:The present study examined the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis as potential mechanisms underlying effects of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCB) on inositol phosphate (IP) signaling in cerebellar granule cells. DCB (100 microM) increased basal...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Shafer TJ,Mundy WR,Tilson HA,Kodavanti PR

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metals such as arsenic, cadmium, beryllium, and nickel are known human carcinogens; however, other transition metals, such as tungsten (W), remain relatively uninvestigated with regard to their potential carcinogenic activity. Tungsten production for industrial and military applications has almost doubled over the pas...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Laulicht F,Brocato J,Cartularo L,Vaughan J,Wu F,Kluz T,Sun H,Oksuz BA,Shen S,Peana M,Medici S,Zoroddu MA,Costa M

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic compounds are classified as toxicants and human carcinogens. Environmental exposure to arsenic imposes a big health issue worldwide. Arsenic elicits its toxic efforts through many mechanisms, including generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nrf2 is the primary transcription factor that controls expressio...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Jiang T,Huang Z,Chan JY,Zhang DD

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Arsenic exposure frequently leads to reproductive failures by disrupting the rat uterine histology, hormonal integrity and estrogen signaling components of the rat uterus, possibly by generating reactive oxygen species. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was assessed as a prospective therapeutic agen...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Chatterjee A,Chatterji U

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organophosphorus (OP) compounds inhibit mitochondrial enzymes, respiration, and ATP generation, in addition to inducing structural changes such as matrix swelling. This implicates mitochondria as primary subcellular targets for these compounds. In this study, the health and function of cellular mitochondria following ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Carlson K,Ehrich M

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzene exposure can result in bone marrow myelotoxicity. We examined the effects of benzene metabolites on bone marrow stromal cells of the hemopoietic microenvironment. Male B6C3F1 mouse bone marrow adherent stromal cells were plated at 4 X 10(6) cells per 2 ml of DMEM medium in 35-mm tissue culture dishes. The grow...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gaido K,Wierda D

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prescribing appropriate Tacrolimus (Tac) dosing is still a challenge for clinicians due to the interindividual variability in dose requirement and the narrow therapeutic index. Our objective is to identify potential factors that affects Tac exposure in Tunisian Kidney patients and to develop and validate a Tac dose re...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ben-Fredj N,Hannachi I,Chadli Z,Ben-Romdhane H,A Boughattas N,Ben-Fadhel N,Aouam K

更新日期：2020-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The disposition of 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF), a highly toxic environmental contaminant which accumulates in human tissues, was examined in the male Fischer rat after iv and oral exposure. Greater than 70% of an oral dose of 0.1, 0.5, or 1.0 mumol PeCDF/kg body wt was absorbed by the gastrointestinal sy...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Brewster DW,Birnbaum LS

更新日期：1987-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We report that intracellular calcium levels rise in mammalian neurosecretory terminals and in cultured pheochromocytoma cells during acute exposure to physiological medium incubated in IV drip chambers. The agent responsible for this effect is shown to be di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP). DEHP (800 nM) added to saline...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Tully K,Kupfer D,Dopico AM,Treistman SN

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thiocyanate anions (SCN-) as the end products of tobacco smoke and found in the blood of cigarette smokers have been implicated in atherogenesis and heart diseases. Magnesium deficiency has also been implicated in the etiology of atherogenesis. The contractile responses of rat aorta to SCN- and the modulation of extra...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Li W,Zheng T,Altura BT,Altura BM

更新日期：1999-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhalation of ozone (O3) has been associated with development of inflammation in the respiratory airways and a variety of alterations in pulmonary function. Epithelial cells lining the airways are the first cells with which inhaled O3 comes into contact and thus represent a potential major target of acute O3 toxicity....

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wright DT,Adler KB,Akley NJ,Dailey LA,Friedman M

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since it was recently shown that the addition of nicotinamide (NAM) to pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) cell monolayers significantly altered their ATP pools (Nadeau and Lane, 1988), the effects of the vitamin on the metabolism of the cells, exposed or not to very short chrysotile asbestos fibers (VSF), were evalu...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Nadeau D,Lane DA

更新日期：1989-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was undertaken to determine the ability of a series of 19 compounds representing different chemical classes of carcinogens to induce lung tumors in strain A/J mice after either ip or po administration. Aflatoxin B1, dibutylnitrosamine, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, and methylnitrosourea induced a significant incre...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Stoner GD,Conran PB,Greisiger EA,Stober J,Morgan M,Pereira MA

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous studies link arsenic exposure to human cancers in a variety of tissues, including the prostate. Our prior work showed that chronic arsenic exposure of the non-tumorigenic, human prostate epithelial cell line, RWPE-1, to low levels of (5 microM) sodium arsenite for 29 weeks resulted in malignant transformation...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Benbrahim-Tallaa L,Waterland RA,Styblo M,Achanzar WE,Webber MM,Waalkes MP

更新日期：2005-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Theoretical work has shown that the isobole method is not generally valid as a method for testing the absence or presence of interaction (in the biochemical sense) between chemicals. The present study illustrates how interaction can be tested by fitting a toxicodynamic model to the results of a mixture experiment. The...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Bosgra S,van Eijkeren JC,van der Schans MJ,Langenberg JP,Slob W

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxic milk mutation is an autosomal recessive mutation found in an inbred C57BL/6J strain of mice which results in an excessive hepatic accumulation of copper (Cu), mostly associated with metallothionein (MT). The possible toxicological significance of elevated levels of hepatic copper-metallothionein (Cu-MT) was ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Stephenson GF,Chan HM,Cherian MG

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bropirimine is an immunomodulator with experimental antiviral and antitumor activities. This pyrimidinone has been found to be embryolethal at doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) that produce only transient maternal toxicity, when administered to pregnant Upj:TUC(SD)spf rats on specific days of gestation. Serum analyses carried...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Black DL,Marks TA,Branstetter DG,Kirton KT

更新日期：1991-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess aluminum toxicity to the A1-exposed lactating organism and her suckling offspring, lactating rabbits received 20, sc, A1 lactate injections (0, 25, 100, 400, or 800 mumol A1/kg/inj) between Days 4 and 29 postpartum. Offspring were weaned Day 30 postpartum. Weight gain in the first 12 postnatal weeks was slig...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Yokel RA

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The topobiological behaviour of Nrf1 dictates its post-translational modification and its ability to transactivate target genes. Here, we have elucidated that topovectorial mechanisms control the juxtamembrane processing of Nrf1 on the cyto/nucleoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), whereupon it is cleaved and ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Xiang Y,Halin J,Fan Z,Hu S,Wang M,Qiu L,Zhang Z,Mattjus P,Zhang Y

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The restoration of plasma acetylcholinesterase activity in mice following inhibition by organophosphorus pesticides and nerve agents has been attributed to synthesis of new enzyme. It is generally assumed that activity levels return to normal, are stable and do not exceed the normal level. We have observed over the pa...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Duysen EG,Lockridge O

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylglyoxal is found in high levels in the blood and other tissues of diabetic patients and exerts deleterious effects on cells and tissues. Previously, we reported that resveratrol, a polyphenol in grapes, induced the expression of Sestrin2 (SESN2), a novel antioxidant protein, and inhibited hepatic lipogenesis. Th...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Seo K,Seo S,Han JY,Ki SH,Shin SM

更新日期：2014-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Low dietary concentrations of methionine and cysteine are known to decrease hepatic glutathione content. However, it is not known if restricting the dietary content of these sulfur containing amino acids also affects hepatic levels of adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS), the cofactor for sulfation, or meta...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sendelbach LE,White CA,Howell S,Gregus Z,Klaassen CD

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The embryotoxic and teratogenic potential of inhaled monochlorobenzene (MCB) was evaluated in rats and rabbits. Bred Fischer 344 rats and inseminated New Zealand White rabbits were exposed to 0, 75, 210, or 590 ppm of MCB via inhalation for 6 hr/day during the period of major organogenesis. Exposure to 590 ppm caused ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： John JA,Hayes WC,Hanley TR Jr,Johnson KA,Gushow TS,Rao KS

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organic cations (OCs) constitute a diverse array of compounds of physiological, pharmacological, and toxicological importance. Renal secretion of these compounds, which occurs principally along the proximal portion of the nephron, plays a critical role in regulating the concentration of OCs in the plasma and in cleari...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wright SH

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult BALB/c mice, which are sensitive to hyperoxia (LT50 = 4.5 days 100% O2), were made tolerant to 100% O2 after treatment with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Following a single ip dose of 400 mg/kg, mice survived longer periods in O2 when exposed to O2 at 7, 14, and 21, but not 2 days, following BHT injection. The...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Margaretten N,Tryka AF,Witschi H

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have a crucial role in protection against the toxic effects of lipophilic chemicals in the environment. UGTs such as UGT1A7, UGT1A8, and UGT1A10 are exclusively expressed in gastrointestinal tissues, each with a unique tissue distribution patter...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gregory PA,Lewinsky RH,Gardner-Stephen DA,Mackenzie PI

更新日期：2004-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study sought to investigate the effects of environmentally relevant gestational followed by continued chronic exposure to the herbicide, atrazine, on motor function, cognition, and neurochemical indices of nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) activity in male rats. Dams were treated with 100 μg/kg atrazine, 10mg/kg atrazi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Walters JL,Lansdell TA,Lookingland KJ,Baker LE

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PCBs are neurotoxic compounds that have a known effect on the dopaminergic system in the brain. In a previous work it was established that PCBs are potent inhibitors of the uptake of dopamine into rat brain synaptic vesicles. In this work we further investigated the vesicular dopamine uptake in response to different P...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mariussen E,Andersson PL,Tysklind M,Fonnum F

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metallothionein (MT) is a sulfhydryl-rich protein whose levels are increased by administration of a variety of agents including metals, cytokines, and oxidative stress agents. Recent studies have suggested that MT is involved in protecting against various forms of oxidative stress, but little is known about the induct...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Bauman JW,McKim JM Jr,Liu J,Klaassen CD

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the interaction of retinoid-induced limb defects and cleft palate on day 11 of gestation, a RXR-selective agonist (AGN191701, an arylpropenyl-thiophene-carboxylic acid derivative, 20 mg/kg orally) was coadministered with a RARalpha-agonist (Am580, an arylcarboxamidobenzoic acid derivative, 5 mg/kg orally) to ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Elmazar MM,Rühl R,Nau H

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00