Abstract：
:In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, short noncoding RNA (ncRNA) generated by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) are terminated by the NRD complex consisting of Nrd1, Nab3, and Sen1. We now show that Pcf11, a component of the cleavage and polyadenylation complex (CPAC), is also generally required for NRD-dependent transcription termination through the action of its C-terminal domain (CTD)-interacting domain (CID). Pcf11 localizes downstream from Nrd1 on NRD terminators, and its recruitment depends on Nrd1. Furthermore, mutation of the Pcf11 CID results in Nrd1 retention on chromatin, delayed degradation of ncRNA, and restricted Pol II CTD Ser2 phosphorylation and Sen1-Pol II interaction. Finally, the pcf11-13 and sen1-1 mutant phenotypes are very similar, as both accumulate RNA:DNA hybrids and display Pol II pausing downstream from NRD terminators. We predict a mechanism by which the exchange of Nrd1 and Pcf11 on chromatin facilitates Pol II pausing and CTD Ser2-P phosphorylation. This in turn promotes Sen1 activity that is required for NRD-dependent transcription termination in vivo.
journal_name
Genes Devjournal_title
Genes & developmentauthors
Grzechnik P,Gdula MR,Proudfoot NJdoi
10.1101/gad.251470.114subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-04-15 00:00:00pages
849-61issue
8eissn
0890-9369issn
1549-5477pii
29/8/849journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Transcription factor p53 forms a network with associated factors to regulate the cell cycle and apoptosis in response to environmental stresses. However, there is currently no direct genetic evidence to show if or how the p53 pathway functions during organogenesis. Here we present evidence to show that the zebrafish d...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.1366405
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:E2F is a cellular, sequence-specific DNA-binding factor that binds to pairs of sites that occur upstream of the E1A and E2 early mRNA cap sites. During adenovirus infection, there is induction of a form of E2F that binds cooperatively to the pair of sites in the E2 control region. Production of the infection-specific ...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.3.7.1062
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eukaryotic chromosomes reach their stable rod-shaped appearance in mitosis in a reaction dependent on the evolutionarily conserved condensin complex. Little is known about how and where condensin associates with chromosomes. Here, we analyze condensin binding to budding yeast chromosomes using high-resolution oligonuc...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.1675708
更新日期：2008-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The hair follicle undergoes a lifelong developmental cycle that depends on the integration between activating and inhibitory signals acting to regulate and guide the proliferation and differentiation of pluripotent epithelial stem cells. The effectors and mechanisms responsible for re-entry of quiescent telogen hair f...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.223172.113
更新日期：2013-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The Brr2 helicase provides the key remodeling activity for spliceosome catalytic activation, during which it disrupts the U4/U6 di-snRNP (small nuclear RNA protein), and its activity has to be tightly regulated. Brr2 exhibits an unusual architecture, including an ∼ 500-residue N-terminal region, whose functions and mo...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.271528.115
更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The homeless (hls) gene of Drosophila is required for anteroposterior and dorsoventral axis formation during oogenesis. At a low frequency, females homozygous for mutations in hls generate early egg chambers in which the oocyte is positioned incorrectly within the cyst. At a high frequency, late-stage egg chambers exh...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.9.20.2495
更新日期：1995-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcription of bacteriophage N4 middle genes is carried out by a phage-coded, heterodimeric RNA polymerase (N4 RNAPII), which belongs to the family of T7-like RNA polymerases. In contrast to phage T7-RNAP, N4 RNAPII displays no activity on double-stranded templates and low activity on single-stranded templates. In v...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.1121403
更新日期：2003-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Chromosome replication occurs precisely once during the cell cycle of almost all eukaryotic cells, and is a highly complex process that is still understood relatively poorly. Two conserved kinases called Cdc7 (cell division cycle 7) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) are required to establish replication forks during t...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1101/gad.1933010
更新日期：2010-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes leads to the transcriptional activation of a group of adipose-specific genes. As an approach to defining the mechanism responsible for activating the expression of these genes, we investigated the binding of nuclear factors to the promoters of tw...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.3.9.1323
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As in many polarized cells, spindle alignment in yeast is essential and cell cycle regulated. A key step that governs spindle alignment is the selective binding of the Kar9 protein to only one of the two spindle pole bodies (SPBs). It has been suggested that cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28, in complex with cyclin Clb4, ...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.298704
更新日期：2004-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipids play crucial roles in many aspects of glial cell biology, affecting processes ranging from myelin membrane biosynthesis to axo-glial interactions. In order to study the role of lipid metabolism in myelinating glial cells, we specifically deleted in Schwann cells the Lpin1 gene, which encodes the Mg2+-dependent ...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.1638008
更新日期：2008-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) bound to GTP transfers the initiator methionyl tRNA to the 40S ribosomal subunit. The eIF5 stimulates GTP hydrolysis by the eIF2/GTP/Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex on base-pairing between Met-tRNA(i)(Met) and the start codon. The eIF2, eIF5, and eIF1 all have been implicated in...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.831800
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mitotic kinase Aurora A (Aur-A) is required for formation of a bipolar mitotic spindle and accurate chromosome segregation. In somatic cells, Aur-A protein and kinase activity levels peak during mitosis, and Aur-A is degraded during mitotic exit. Here, we investigated how Aur-A protein and kinase activity levels a...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.1007302
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Post-translational modifications of conserved N-terminal tail residues in histones regulate many aspects of chromosome activity. Thr 3 of histone H3 is highly conserved, but the significance of its phosphorylation is unclear, and the identity of the corresponding kinase unknown. Immunostaining with phospho-specific an...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.1267105
更新日期：2005-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In the cytoplasm of oocytes and early embryos, addition of poly(A) to mRNAs can activate their translation. We demonstrate that despite many differences between poly(A) addition in the cytoplasm and nucleus, these two forms of polyadenylation may involve identical trans-acting factors. Nuclear polyadenylation requires...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.8.9.1106
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Start sites of DNA replication are marked by the origin recognition complex (ORC), which coordinates Mcm2-7 helicase loading to form the prereplicative complex (pre-RC). Although pre-RC assembly is well characterized in vitro, the process is poorly understood within the local chromatin environment surrounding replicat...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.247924.114
更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Early endoderm formation in zebrafish requires at least three loci that function downstream of Nodal signaling but upstream of the early endodermal marker sox17: bonnie and clyde (bon), faust (fau), and casanova (cas). cas mutants show the most severe phenotype as they do not form any gut tissue and lack all sox17 exp...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.892301
更新日期：2001-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Maternal imprinting at the Xist gene is essential to achieve paternal allele-specific imprinted X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in female mammals. However, the mechanism underlying Xist imprinting is unclear. Here we show that the Xist locus is coated with a broad H3K27me3 domain that is established during oocyte grow...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.304113.117
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the absence of growth signals, cells exit the cell cycle and enter into G0 or quiescence. Alternatively, cells enter senescence in response to inappropriate growth signals such as oncogene expression. The molecular mechanisms required for cell cycle exit into quiescence or senescence are poorly understood. The DREA...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.2034211
更新日期：2011-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Pcf11 is one of numerous proteins involved in pre-mRNA 3'-end processing and transcription termination. Using elongation complexes (ECs) formed from purified yeast RNA polymerase II (Pol II), we show that a 140-amino acid polypeptide from yeast Pcf11 is capable of dismantling the EC in vitro. This action depends on th...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.1296305
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:RUNX1/AML1 is required for the development of definitive hematopoiesis, and its activity is altered by mutations, deletions, and chromosome translocations in human acute leukemia. RUNX1 function can be regulated by post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions. We show that RUNX1 is arginine-methyl...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.1632608
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To find new genes that influence liver lipid mass, we performed a genetic screen for zebrafish mutants with hepatic steatosis, a pathological accumulation of fat. The red moon (rmn) mutant develops hepatic steatosis as maternally deposited yolk is depleted. Conversely, hepatic steatosis is suppressed in rmn mutants by...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.180968.111
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, gene silencing at the HMR and HML loci is normally dependent on Sir2p, Sir3p, and Sir4p, which are structural components of silenced chromatin. Sir2p is a NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase required for silencing. Silencing can be restored in cells lacking Sir proteins by a dominant mutati...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.873601
更新日期：2001-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The Hedgehog (Hh) family of secreted proteins controls many aspects of animal development. In Drosophila, Hh transduces its signal via Cubitus interruptus (Ci), a transcription factor present in two forms: a full-length activator and a carboxy-terminally truncated repressor that is derived from the full-length form by...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.13.21.2828
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macrophages play critical roles in events ranging from host defense to obesity and cancer, where they infiltrate affected tissues and orchestrate immune responses in tandem with the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Despite the dual roles played by macrophages in inflammation, the functions of macrophage-d...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.178749.111
更新日期：2012-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:DinI is a recently described negative regulator of the SOS response in Escherichia coli. Here we show that it physically interacts with RecA and prevents the binding of single-stranded DNA to RecA, which is required for the activation of the latter. DinI also displaces ssDNA from a stable RecA-DNA cofilament, thus eli...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.862901
更新日期：2001-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In Drosophila germ cells, PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are amplified through a PIWI slicer-dependent feed-forward loop termed the ping-pong cycle, yielding secondary piRNAs. However, the detailed mechanism remains poorly understood, largely because an ex vivo model system amenable to biochemical analyses has not bee...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.283929.116
更新日期：2016-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We have purified and cloned a new splicing factor, KSRP. KSRP is a component of a multiprotein complex that binds specifically to an intronic splicing enhancer element downstream of the neuron-specific c-src N1 exon. This 75-kD protein induces the assembly of five other proteins, including the heterogeneous nuclear ri...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.11.8.1023
更新日期：1997-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammalian cells exhibit a complex response to DNA damage. The tumor suppressor BRCA1 and associated protein BARD1 are thought to play an important role in this response, and our previous work demonstrated that this includes transient inhibition of the pre-mRNA 3' processing machinery. Here we provide evidence that thi...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.1309505
更新日期：2005-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In murine plasmacytoma and human Burkitt's lymphoma cells, one allele of c-myc is translocated into one of the immunoglobulin loci, resulting in a characteristic pattern of deregulated c-myc transcription. Translocation events between c-myc and the IgH locus segregate c-myc and the IgH intron enhancer to different rec...
journal_title：Genes & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1101/gad.8.18.2212
更新日期：1994-09-15 00:00:00
