Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:To determine the incidence of femur fractures in mountain rescue in England and Wales. To investigate the attitudes of rescuers toward the use of femoral traction splints. To review the literature for evidence on the use of traction splints in prehospital medicine and test the hypothesis that femoral traction splints reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with a fractured femur. METHODS:The Mountain Rescue England and Wales database was searched for cases of suspected fractured femur occurring between 2002 and 2012, a questionnaire was sent to all mountain rescue teams in England and Wales, and a literature review was performed. Relevant articles were critically reviewed to identify the evidence base for the use of femoral traction splints. RESULTS:Femur fractures are uncommon in mountain rescue, with an incidence of suspected femur fractures on scene at 9.3 a year. Traction splints are used infrequently; 13% of the suspected femur fractures were treated with traction. However, rescuers have a positive attitude toward traction splints and perceive few disadvantages to their use. No trials demonstrate that traction splints reduce morbidity or mortality, but a number describe complications resulting from their use. CONCLUSIONS:Femur fractures are rare within mountain rescue. Traction splints may be no more effective than other methods of splinting in prehospital care. We failed to identify evidence that supports the hypothesis that traction splints reduce morbidity or mortality. We advocate the use of a femoral traction splints but recognize that other splints may also be appropriate in this environment.
journal_name
Wilderness Environ Medjournal_title
Wilderness & environmental medicineauthors
Runcie H,Greene Mdoi
10.1016/j.wem.2015.01.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-09-01 00:00:00pages
305-11issue
3eissn
1080-6032issn
1545-1534pii
S1080-6032(15)00075-7journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Bites by the European adder (Vipera berus) are a rare medical emergency in the UK with 20 to 50% of an estimated 50 to 200 cases per year necessitating treatment with antivenom. We present a case demonstrating both severe systemic and local effects necessitating out of hospital resuscitation, vasopressor support, and ...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2018.08.002
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Minimal data exist regarding the activity, membership, training, and medical oversight of search and rescue (SAR) teams. OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to describe these characteristics in the Intermountain West SAR organizations. METHODS:A contact list was generated and electronic surveys were sent to SAR of...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2013.08.002
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of aspirin on the thermoregulatory responses of men during exposure to 12°C air (acute cold exposure) for a period of 120 minutes and recovery in 25°C air (rewarming) for 120 minutes. METHODS:Seven male subjects (26.1 ± 2.4 yr) underwent pre-experimental testing to determine peak VO(2) ...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2011.06.007
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Little is known about health care provider interest, knowledge, and beliefs regarding the health effects of human-induced environmental degradation (HIED). A survey was created and distributed to better characterize health provider beliefs about the adverse health effects of HIED. METHODS:An invitation to pa...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/08-WEME-OR-222R1.1
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crocodilians represent one of the oldest constant animal lineages on the planet, in no small part due to their formidable array of predatory adaptations. As both human and crocodilian populations expand, they increasingly encroach on each others' territories, bringing morbidity and mortality to both populations. In th...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1580/1080-6032(2005)16[143:CAIAAA]2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a case report of a subject suffering high-altitude cerebral and pulmonary edema successfully treated with low flow rates of supplemental oxygen administered with a breathing system designed to conserve oxygen supplies at high altitude. ...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/pr08-04.1
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to examine the retention of wilderness first aid (WFA) knowledge, self-efficacy beliefs, and skills over time in a sample of WFA course participants. METHODS:Seventy-two open enrollment (volunteer) WFA course participants were assessed at 4 months, 8 months, or 12 months after t...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2012.04.005
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To measure afterdrop and rewarming in subjects placed in a hypothermia wrap immediately after extrication from 60 minutes of snow burial. METHODS:We measured esophageal core body temperature (Tes) in 6 subjects buried in compacted snow (mean density 39%) for up to 60 minutes at an altitude of 2450 m while br...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2010.06.007
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Avalanches are one of the major threats to life in high-mountain terrain and account every year for approximately 150 accidents causing injury or death in the United States alone. Every year avalanches cause significant property damages and a death toll of approximately 15 people in the United States. The specific cha...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/1080-6032(1997)008[0101:gsrusc]2.3.co;2
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in the treatment of trauma patients was relatively unexplored until the landmark Clinical Randomisation of an Antifibrinolytic in Significant Haemorrhage-2 (CRASH-2) trial in 2010 demonstrated a reduction in mortality with the use of TXA. Although this trial was a randomized, double-bl...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2016.12.006
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to determine the incidence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) and the cardiorespiratory responses, in children and their parents, after rapid ascent to 3500 m. The sample population was composed of children and their parents who ascended within 24 hours from Arica (sea level) to Putre (3500 m)...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/06-WEME-BR-084.1
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare altitude responses of 2 ultraendurance athletes and 2 nonathletes during a 2-week expedition on Denali (Mount McKinley). METHODS:The severity of acute mountain sickness (AMS) symptoms (Lake Louise AMS guidelines) and pulmonary function parameters (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/1080-6032(2005)16[198:prouaa]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This case report describes the use of a hydration bladder as an improvised air splint for a left forearm fracture in an austere environment. The literature regarding the use of air splints in the prehospital and wilderness environments is scarce, and it does not appear that this technique has been previously described...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2018.10.008
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Scorpionism is an endemic public health problem in Jordan encountered by health providers in all parts of the country. This study updates epidemiological data on scorpion sting encounters in Jordan. METHODS:Data on scorpion sting encounters were obtained from government and military hospitals around the coun...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2017.05.003
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:There are 3 pit viper species in Canada. Limited Canadian literature exists on the epidemiology of venomous snakebites and the treatment patterns with antivenom. This study described the epidemiology, the utilization of antivenom, and estimated expenditures due to forfeited antivenom for pit viper envenoma...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2018.06.005
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study sought to create a model for testing topical treatment of jellyfish stings. It sought to determine which treatments 1) stimulate/inhibit nematocyst discharge; 2) decrease pain; and 3) decrease skin inflammation; it also sought to discover whether there is a clinical correlation between stimulated ...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2015.10.008
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a patient with missed traumatic pneumothorax due to penetrating neck injury that was presumably caused by a stingray while diving. The barb can result in significant injuries to deep structures and organs despite a deceptively small entrance wound. This case underscores the importance of performing a thoro...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2017.02.006
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Winter sports continue to be a popular form of recreation, but few studies have focused on serious injuries. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the major morbidity associated with downhill skiing, snowboarding, and sledding and to determine the incidence of serious injuries sustained while downhill...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/1080-6032(2002)013[0245:ssasii]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stingray envenomation is a common occurrence. X-ray evaluation of stingray wounds is an unnecessarily misunderstood diagnostic concept. We present the case of a patient stung by a stingray with a prolonged and complicated course and permanent disability due to a retained barb. The patient had undergone multiple medica...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2015.03.006
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this case study is to examine the physiological/behavioral factors leading up to heat exhaustion in a male wildland firefighter during wildland fire suppression. The participant (24 years old, 173 cm, 70 kg, and 3 years firefighting experience) experienced heat exhaustion following 7 hours of high ambie...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2011.01.008
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyze the nature of surfing injuries in Cornwall in order to identify trends and inform clinical management. METHODS:The details of patients presenting (with injuries sustained while surfboard/bodyboard riding) to the Emergency Department (ED) of the Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro (UK), from September 2...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/1080-6032-020.004.0335
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Combat operations necessitate bold thought and afford the opportunity to rapidly evolve and improve trauma care. The development and maturation of Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) is an important example of a critical process improvement strategy that reduced mortality in high-threat combat-related trauma. The Com...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2016.11.008
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fatalities secondary to inhalation of volcanic gases in the United States have rarely been reported. We report the deaths of 3 ski patrol members at a popular California ski resort. After a snowstorm, ski patrol members were fencing off a well-known volcanic fumarole when the snow around the vent collapsed. Two member...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/08-WEME-CR-199.1
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 67-year-old woman presented to a community emergency department in Orange County, CA, after she was stung by a scorpion identified as Centruroides limbatus from Central America. She developed local pain and systemic symptoms, including parasthesias, flushing, hypertension, and wheezing. Envenomation by this genus of...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/1080-6032(1999)010[0161:ebtslo]2.3.co;2
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Severe injuries and fatalities can occur from an alligator attack. Encounters with alligators appear to be increasing in the United States. This review provides information from alligator attacks reported in the United States as well as infections that may occur after an alligator bite. METHODS:Telephone int...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2010.02.002
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The main goal was to explore the different toxin properties (proteolytic, hemorrhagic, and neurotoxic) of Leptodeira annulata ashmeadii Duvernoy's gland secretion (DGS). METHODS:To separate and characterize the different proteins present in L. annulata ashmeadii DGS, 20% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/1080-6032(2004)015[0082:phanac]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to review the patient characteristics and management of 56 cases of high altitude pulmonary edema at the Pheriche Himalayan Rescue Association Medical Aid Post, and to measure the use of medications in addition to descent and oxygen. METHODS:In a retrospective case series, we re...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2012.07.004
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During historic, as well as more recent, conflicts, most combat casualties who die from their injuries do so in the prehospital setting. Although many of the injuries incurred by these casualties are nonsurvivable, a number of injuries are still potentially survivable. Of those injuries that are potentially survivable...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2016.11.007
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Seasonal migration of people in search of Yarsagumba fungus creates a population of collectors that faces hardship and health risks in austere high-altitude settings. METHODS:In 2016, our 4-person team performed a 2-day health-needs survey of people collecting Yarsagumba fungus near the village of Yak Kha...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2017.04.007
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A tool that can differentiate ischemic stroke from other neurological conditions (eg, hemorrhagic stroke, high-altitude cerebral edema) in the field could enable more rapid thrombolysis when appropriate. The resources (eg, an MRI or CT scanner) to investigate stroke at high altitude may be limited, and hence a portabl...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2010.10.007
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
