Abstract：
:Addictive disorders are very common and have devastating individual and social consequences. Currently available treatment is moderately effective at best. After many years of neglect, there is renewed interest in potential clinical uses for classic hallucinogens in the treatment of addictions and other behavioral health conditions. In this paper we provide a comprehensive review of both historical and recent clinical research on the use of classic hallucinogens in the treatment of addiction, selectively review other relevant research concerning hallucinogens, and suggest directions for future research. Clinical trial data are very limited except for the use of LSD in the treatment of alcoholism, where a meta-analysis of controlled trials has demonstrated a consistent and clinically significant beneficial effect of high-dose LSD. Recent pilot studies of psilocybin-assisted treatment of nicotine and alcohol dependence had strikingly positive outcomes, but controlled trials will be necessary to evaluate the efficacy of these treatments. Although plausible biological mechanisms have been proposed, currently the strongest evidence is for the role of mystical or other meaningful experiences as mediators of therapeutic effects. Classic hallucinogens have an excellent record of safety in the context of clinical research. Given our limited understanding of the clinically relevant effects of classic hallucinogens, there is a wealth of opportunities for research that could contribute important new knowledge and potentially lead to valuable new treatments for addiction.
journal_name
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatryauthors
Bogenschutz MP,Johnson MWdoi
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.03.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-04 00:00:00pages
250-8eissn
0278-5846issn
1878-4216pii
S0278-5846(15)00051-2journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:There has been significant recent progress in understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of antidepressant treatments. The delayed-onset of action of monoamine-based antidepressant drugs have been associated to their ability to slowly increase synaptic plasticity and neuronal excitability via altering neurotrophic s...
journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
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abstract：:The effects of repeated antidepressant drug treatment on behavioral outcome in Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, a putative animal model of depressive behavior, were compared to Wistar and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Rats were treated with desipramine (norepinephrine [NE] uptake blocker), nomifensine (NE and dopamine [DA] uptake...
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.01.002
更新日期：2010-03-17 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2011.03.023
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
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更新日期：2017-10-03 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.04.019
更新日期：2009-08-31 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2011.01.008
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.10.023
更新日期：2013-03-05 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
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更新日期：2014-04-03 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2016-01-04 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2007-03-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.03.035
更新日期：2006-08-30 00:00:00
