Abstract：
:L-Glutamate is regarded as the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS. However, whether the released transmitter originates from a cytosolic pool or is discharged from synaptic vesicles by exocytosis (vesicle hypothesis) remains controversial. A problem with the general acceptance of the vesicle hypothesis is that the enrichment of glutamate in synaptic vesicles has not been convincingly demonstrated. In the present study, we have analyzed the glutamate content of synaptic vesicles isolated from rat cerebral cortex by a novel immunobead procedure. A large amount of glutamate was present in these vesicles when a proton electrochemical gradient was maintained across the vesicle membrane during isolation. Compared with the starting fraction, glutamate was enriched more than 10-fold relative to other amino acids. Addition of N-ethylmaleimide prevented glutamate loss during isolation. Isotope exchange experiments revealed that exchange or re-uptake of glutamate after homogenization is negligible. We conclude that rat brain synaptic vesicles contain high levels of glutamate in situ.
journal_name
Neuronjournal_title
Neuronauthors
Burger PM,Mehl E,Cameron PL,Maycox PR,Baumert M,Lottspeich F,De Camilli P,Jahn Rdoi
10.1016/0896-6273(89)90240-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-12-01 00:00:00pages
715-20issue
6eissn
0896-6273issn
1097-4199pii
0896-6273(89)90240-7journal_volume
3pub_type
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