Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Heat-related illness is a common disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite no proven efficacy, application of chemical cold packs (CCP) to the skin overlying the large vessels of the neck, groin, and axillae is a traditional recommended cooling modality. The study objective was to compare the cooling rates of CCP applied to these traditional areas vs the glabrous skin surfaces of the cheeks, palms, and soles in exercise-induced hyperthermia. METHODS:Ten healthy adult male volunteers walked on a treadmill in a heated room (40°±0.5°C) while wearing insulated military overgarments until their esophageal temperatures (Tes) reached 39.2°C. Each participant had three heat stress trials on separate days: no treatment followed by randomly ordered traditional (neck, groin, and axillae) cooling and glabrous skin cooling. RESULTS:With no treatment, Tes remained stable after the first 5 minutes of the heat trial (ΔTes=0.12°±0.07°C/10 min). Traditional cooling followed a linear decline (ΔTes=0.17°±0.04°C/10 min; P<.001). Glabrous cooling enhanced the treatment effect by a steeper decline (ΔTes=0.30°±0.06°C/10 min; P<.001), significantly different from traditional cooling by 2-way analysis of variance (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS:Application of CCP to glabrous skin surfaces was more effective for treating exercise-induced heat stress than the traditional CCP cooling intervention. This novel cooling technique may be beneficial as an adjunctive treatment for heat-related illness in the prehospital environment.
journal_name
Wilderness Environ Medjournal_title
Wilderness & environmental medicineauthors
Lissoway JB,Lipman GS,Grahn DA,Cao VH,Shaheen M,Phan S,Weiss EA,Heller HCdoi
10.1016/j.wem.2014.11.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-06-01 00:00:00pages
173-9issue
2eissn
1080-6032issn
1545-1534pii
S1080-6032(14)00405-0journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::The lowest recorded core temperature from which a person with accidental hypothermia has survived neurologically intact is 11.8°C in a 2-y-old boy. The lowest recorded temperature from which an adult has been resuscitated neurologically intact is 13.7°C in a 29-y-old woman. The lowest core temperature with survival fr...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2020.02.003
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze the nature of surfing injuries in Cornwall in order to identify trends and inform clinical management. METHODS:The details of patients presenting (with injuries sustained while surfboard/bodyboard riding) to the Emergency Department (ED) of the Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro (UK), from September 2...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1580/1080-6032-020.004.0335
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The incidence of fatal closed head injury (CHI) and nonfatal CHI causing an altered level of consciousness in avalanche victims is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence and potential significance of CHI in avalanche-related deaths. METHODS:The records of the state medical examiner an...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1580/1080-6032(2001)012[0244:atachi]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stingray envenomation is a common occurrence. X-ray evaluation of stingray wounds is an unnecessarily misunderstood diagnostic concept. We present the case of a patient stung by a stingray with a prolonged and complicated course and permanent disability due to a retained barb. The patient had undergone multiple medica...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2015.03.006
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Families are traveling with their children in increasing frequency. Travel to Asia offers children many opportunities to learn about new cultures and history. It also offers the potential for exposure to numerous infectious agents not commonly encountered in the United States. Families must begin to prepare for travel...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1580/06-WEME-RA-026R2.1
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To measure afterdrop and rewarming in subjects placed in a hypothermia wrap immediately after extrication from 60 minutes of snow burial. METHODS:We measured esophageal core body temperature (Tes) in 6 subjects buried in compacted snow (mean density 39%) for up to 60 minutes at an altitude of 2450 m while br...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2010.06.007
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Mountaineers face a variety of health risks at altitude including pulmonary edema; portable ultrasound may be used to diagnose high altitude pulmonary edema. This report tests the functionality of electronic equipment in a hypobaric test environment and the ability of remotely guided nonexperts to use ultraso...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1580/08-WEME-BR-228R2.1
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Scorpionism is an endemic public health problem in Jordan encountered by health providers in all parts of the country. This study updates epidemiological data on scorpion sting encounters in Jordan. METHODS:Data on scorpion sting encounters were obtained from government and military hospitals around the coun...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2017.05.003
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to describe the pediatric emergencies encountered by the Christophorus-1 helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) during a period of 2 years. METHODS:Emergency treatment of pediatric casualties by HEMS was evaluated at a helicopter base. Children up to 14 years who were tre...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2016.03.001
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cricothyroidotomy is an advanced and life-saving technique, but it is also a rare and a difficult procedure. The purpose of the present study was to produce a low-cost simulation model with realistic anatomic features to investigate its effectiveness in developing cricothyroidotomy skills. METHODS:This st...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2020.05.003
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Winter sports continue to be a popular form of recreation, but few studies have focused on serious injuries. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the major morbidity associated with downhill skiing, snowboarding, and sledding and to determine the incidence of serious injuries sustained while downhill...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1580/1080-6032(2002)013[0245:ssasii]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We experienced a case involving prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during cardiac arrest on Mt. Fuji (3776 m), demanding lengthy exertion by the rescuers performing CPR. Considering the effects of exertion on the rescuers, we examined their percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation during simulated CPR and co...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2019.10.008
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The case of a 42-y-old rock climber who sustained a complete, isolated rupture of the short head of the biceps brachii muscle after falling onto his upper arm while bouldering is presented. This is the first description of this rare injury after a climbing accident. Moreover, there is no definitive consensus on whethe...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2020.04.006
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wilderness medicine training has become increasingly popular among medical professionals with numerous educational opportunities nationwide. Curricula for fellowship programs and for medical student education have previously been developed and published, but a specific curriculum for wilderness medicine education duri...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2017.10.003
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risk of injury in cold environments is related to a combination of athlete preparedness, preexisting medical conditions, and the body's physiologic response to environmental factors, including ambient temperature, windchill, and wetness. The goal of this section is to decrease the risk of hypothermia, frostbite, and n...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2015.09.006
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a recognized risk of rapid ascent to high altitude. Since the recognition of this entity more than 30 years ago, most pulmonary deaths at high altitude have been attributed to HAPE. However, as the bodies can almost never be recovered for postmortem examination, rare diagnoses t...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1580/1080-6032(1995)006[0220:pepaha]2.3.co;2
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Physical stress (exercise and/or environmental) activates the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axes. The combination of ultraendurance exercise in the cold presents a unique summated stress to the body. The purpose of this study was to assess the stress hormo...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2009.12.020
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in the treatment of trauma patients was relatively unexplored until the landmark Clinical Randomisation of an Antifibrinolytic in Significant Haemorrhage-2 (CRASH-2) trial in 2010 demonstrated a reduction in mortality with the use of TXA. Although this trial was a randomized, double-bl...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2016.12.006
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are many tales describing ferocious schools of piranha attacking humans, but there are few scientific data supporting such behavior. The very few documented instances of humans attacked and eaten by piranha schools include 3 that occurred after death by other causes (eg, heart failure and drowning). These predac...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1580/1080-6032(2003)14[249:paohis]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Planning and providing emergency and primary care for a large transient population of visitors and employees in a national park can be problematic. Furthermore, planning for emergency and primary health care needs of visitors and itinerant workers in a wilderness area national park has not been well documente...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1580/1080-6032(2000)011[0257:pfaaem]2.3.co;2
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Portable electronic devices play an important role in the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Electromagnetic interference from electronic devices has been shown to impair the function of an avalanche transceiver in search mode (but not in transmitting mode). This study investigates the influence of elect...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2014.12.016
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three groups of five men each were dehydrated overnight in the heat (115 degrees F) on two occasions (D1 and D2) to approximately 5.5% of their starting body weight. During the 3-week period between D1 and D2, one group (AC) was acclimatized to heat and physically conditioned, the second group (C) was physically condi...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 传,古典文章,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1580/1080-6032(2000)011[0204:wpadeo]2.3.co;2
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We aimed to ascertain risk factors for acute mountain sickness (AMS) in miners exposed to chronic intermittent high altitude conditions. METHODS:All new hires (2009-2012) for mine employment (4000 m above sea level) were followed up for 12 months after first ascent. Demographics, physiologic data, and cigare...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2014.10.006
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Puerto Rico (PR) is home to 10 indigenous species of snake. Alsophis portorricensis has traditionally been considered harmless. In 1961, Hageman classified A portorricensis as somewhere between "venomous" and "nonvenomous." In 1966, Heatwole and Banuchi reported the only case found in the literature of a "venomous" bi...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2010.07.001
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Minimal data exist regarding the activity, membership, training, and medical oversight of search and rescue (SAR) teams. OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to describe these characteristics in the Intermountain West SAR organizations. METHODS:A contact list was generated and electronic surveys were sent to SAR of...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2013.08.002
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The presence of coliform bacteria indicates a watershed risk for harboring microbes capable of causing human disease. We hypothesized that water from watersheds that have different human- or animal-use patterns would have differing risks for the presence of coliform bacteria. METHODS; Water was collected in w...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1580/pr05-05.1
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To help the Mountain Rescue Association of Scotland find the best protective mountain rescue casualty bag in cold and windy conditions. The study investigated how 3 different casualty bags (labeled Bag 1, Bag 2, and Bag 3) performed in a cold (-10 degrees C, dry bulb), windy (wind speed 3.0 m x s(-1)) environ...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1580/1080-6032(2002)013[0036:acomrc]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Teaching emergency procedural skills in a wilderness setting can be logistically challenging. To teach these skills as part of a wilderness medicine elective for medical students, we designed an outdoor simulation session with low-fidelity models. The session involved 6 stations in which procedural skills were taught ...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.wem.2013.11.001
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a well-recognized disease entity in trekkers to the Nepal Himalayas. We present the case of a patient who had clinical features consistent with HAPE but did not descend the mountain on time, which contributed to his death. The important factors of the diagnosis, the descent, and...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1580/1080-6032(2000)011[0099:atroph]2.3.co;2
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE:We examined the changes in ventilation during sleep at high altitude using the LifeShirt monitoring system on 2 climbers who were attempting to summit Mount Aconcagua (6956 m). METHODS:Prior to the summit attempt, we measured cardiovascular and pulmonary function at 401 m (Rochester, MN) and gathe...
journal_title:Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1580/06-WEME-BR-041R.1
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00