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Locomotor activity measures in the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Meta-analyses and new findings.

Abstract：

INTRODUCTION:Our aim was to assess differences in movement measures in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) vs. typically developing (TD) controls. METHODS:We performed meta-analyses of published studies on motion measures contrasting ADHD with controls. We also conducted a case-control study with children/adolescents (n = 61 TD, n = 62 ADHD) and adults (n = 30 TD, n = 19 ADHD) using the McLean motion activity test, semi-structured diagnostic interviews and the behavior rating inventory of executive function and Conners (parent, teacher; self) rating scales. RESULTS:Meta-analyses revealed medium-to-large effect sizes for actigraph (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43, 0.85) and motion tracking systems (SDM: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.65, 1.20) measures in differentiating individuals with ADHD from controls. Effects sizes were similar in studies of children/adolescents ([SMD]: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.50, 1.01) and of adults ([SMD]: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.46, 1.00). In our sample, ADHD groups differed significantly in number of head movements (p = 0.02 in children; p = 0.002 in adults), displacement (p = 0.009/p < 0.001), head area (p = 0.03/p < 0.001), spatial complexity (p = 0.06/p = 0.02) and temporal scaling (p = 0.05/p = 0.04). Mean effect sizes were non-significantly larger (d = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.20, 1.45) in adults vs. children/adolescents with ADHD (d = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.82). In the concurrent go/no-go task, reaction time variability was significantly greater in ADHD (p < 0.05 in both age groups) than controls. CONCLUSIONS:Locomotor hyperactivity remains core to the construct of ADHD even in adults. Our results suggest that objective locomotion measures may be particularly useful in evaluating adults with possible ADHD.

journal_name

J Neurosci Methods

journal_title

Journal of neuroscience methods

authors

García Murillo L,Cortese S,Anderson D,Di Martino A,Castellanos FX

doi

10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.03.001

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-08-30 00:00:00

pages

14-26

eissn

0165-0270

issn

1872-678X

pii

S0165-0270(15)00083-7

journal_volume

252

pub_type

杂志文章,meta分析

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Locomotor activity measures in the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Meta-analyses and new findings.