Abstract：
:The density of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) produced in aqueous samples by exposure to X-ray or carbon-ion beams was investigated. The generation of ·OH was detected by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin-trapping technique using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) as the spin-trapping agent. When the concentration of DMPO is in excess of the generated ·OH, the production of DMPO-OH (spin-trapped ·OH) should be saturated. Reaction mixtures containing several concentrations (0.5-1685 mM) of DMPO were then irradiated by a 32 Gy 290 MeV carbon-ion beam (C290-beam) or X-ray. C290-beam irradiation was performed at the Heavy-Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan), applying different linear energy transfers (LET) (20-169 keV/µm). The amount of DMPO-OH in the irradiated samples was detected by EPR spectroscopy. The generation of DMPO-OH increased with the concentration of initial DMPO, displayed a shoulder around 3.3 mM DMPO, and reached a plateau. This plateau suggests that the generated ·OH were completely trapped. Another linear increase in DMPO-OH measured in solutions with higher DMPO concentrations suggested very dense ·OH generation (>1.7 M). Generation of ·OH is expected to be localized on the track of the radiation beam, because the maximum concentration of measured DMPO-OH was 40 µM. These results suggested that both sparse (≈3.3 mM) and dense (>1.7 M) ·OH generation occurred in the irradiated samples. The percentage of dense ·OH generation increased with increasing LET. Different types of dense ·OH generation may be expected for X-ray and C290-beams.
journal_name
Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo)journal_title
Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletinauthors
Matsumoto K,Ueno M,Nakanishi I,Anzai Kdoi
10.1248/cpb.c14-00736subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
195-9issue
3eissn
0009-2363issn
1347-5223journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The dissolution of oval soft gelatin capsules containing 5 mg of nifedipine dissolved in a water soluble vehicle was evaluated by the rotating dialysis cell (RDC) method and the paddle (PD) method as described in the Japanese Pharmacopoiea (JP) XI. The dissolution pattern of nifedipine obtained by the PD method was li...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.42.333
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chitosan-alginate polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) have been prepared in situ in beads and microspheres. This study examines the preparation of suitable chitosan-alginate coacervates for casting into homogeneous PEC films for potential applications in packaging, controlled release systems and wound dressings. Coacervatio...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.48.941
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two new C(21) steroidal glycosides, tenacissoside L (1), tenacissoside M (2), were isolated from the stems of Marsdenia tenacissima (ROXB.) WIGHT et ARN. Their structures were elucidated, respectively, by means of chemical and spectral data, including ESI-MS, HR-ESI-MS, 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR. ...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.54.696
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A highly sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for the determination of arachidonic acid metabolites is described. The metabolites are converted into corresponding fluorescent derivatives by reaction with 3-bromomethyl-6,7-methylenedioxy-1-methyl-2(1H)-quinoxalinone in the presen...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.37.2846
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The percutaneous (p.c.) absorption of clonazepam (CZP), an antiepileptic drug, was investigated in rabbits. CZP was efficiently absorbed from a gel ointment (0.5% CZP, 1g, 9 cm2) with Azone and therapeutic plasma concentrations were maintained for 27 h. The bioavailability of CZP from the gel ointment was 47.2 +/- 3.1...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.37.442
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of 43 stilbene derivatives that showed cytotoxicity against human lung carcinoma (A549) was analyzed using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) for defining the hypothetic pharmacophore model. The polyoxylated stilbenes were found to be active inhibitors of tubulin polymerization. Several cis-stilbene...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.51.516
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new spiroketallactone, epi-danshenspiroketallactone A (1) and a new C18-norditerpenoid, normiltioane (2) along with 21 known compounds, were isolated from cell cultures of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. In the in vitro assays, the compounds 9-1...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.c12-00987
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From the quaternary alkaloidal fraction of the dried tubers of Stephania cepharantha, two new isoquinoline alkaloids, stecepharine and tetradehydroreticuline have been isolated along with the known compounds, magnoflorine, menisperine, steponine, cyclanoline, oblongine, cis-N-methylcapaurine and 2'-N-methylisotetrandr...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.48.370
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five new components, named multiforisins A, B, C, D, and E, with immunosuppressive activity were isolated from an Ascomycete, Gelasinospora multiforis. Multiforisin A, the main immunosuppressive principle of this fungus, was deduced to be 5-formyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methoxy-6-(1E-propenyl)-alpha-pyrone. Multiforisins...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.43.547
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-Se-4-methoxybenzylselenocysteine++ + [Fmoc-Sec(MBzl)-OH] was synthesized from selenocystine and successfully applied to Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis. The stability and the deprotection conditions of the Se-MBzl group were examined. The diselenide bond of a peptide was directly ...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.41.502
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heparan sulfate proteoglycan was extracted from bovine lens capsules by 0.45 M NaCl/2 M urea and purified using ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The proteoglycan was found to consist of protein and carbohydrate in a ratio of 75 to 25. The estimated average molecular weight of the heparan sulfate proteog...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.39.1059
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has emerged as a promising anticancer agent as it selectively kills cancer cells. However, TRAIL resistance limits its use as a therapeutic agent. An understanding the mechanisms responsible for TRAIL resistance and strategies to overcome it are important...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1248/cpb.c15-00732
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evaluating the acute toxic effects of drugs or toxins is based mainly on studies which require the use of light microscopy. Recently, the effects of such substances on biological membranes, such as the nasal membrane, has been studied using the traditional Ussing chambers, which make it possible to study the transepit...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.39.1636
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two new sesquiterpene derivatives (1 and 2), ramarin A (1) and ramarin B (2), together with three known compounds (3-5) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ramaria formosa. The structures of the two sesquiterpenes were established by extensive spectroscopic studies and chemical evidence. The inhibitory activity ...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.c15-00051
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three novel 22-beta-O-spirostanol oligoglycosides, torvosides J (1), K (2) and L (3) have been isolated from the fruits of Solanum torvum SWARTZ and their chemical structures have been characterized based on the spectroscopic means. They are worth of note as rare 22-beta-O-spirostanol glycosides. ...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.53.1122
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of 5-(pyridin-4-yl)-N-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amines (3a-d), 5-(pyridin-4-yl)-N-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amines (4a-d) and 5-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-substituted-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones (5a-d) were obtained by the cyclization of hydrazinecarbothioamide derivatives 2a-d derived from isonicotinic acid hydr...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.c15-00059
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonenzymatically glycated human serum albumin was incubated with ferric ion at 37 degrees C in 0.2 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, up to 30 days. In the incubation mixture, amino acids, tyrosine and phenylalanine, were detected, suggesting site specific cleavage of glycated human serum albumin. ...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.40.1653
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three metabolites of N-[2-(1-azabicyclo[3.3.0]octan-5-yl)ethyl]-2-nitroaniline fumarate (SK-946), a novel central muscarinic cholinergic receptor agonist, were prepared to confirm their proposed structures, and tested for muscarinic receptor affinity in vitro. ...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.47.880
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Soluplus® on the solubility of atorvastatin calcium and to develop a solid dispersion formulation that can improve the oral bioavailability of atorvastatin calcium. We demonstrated that Soluplus® increases the aqueous solubility of atorvastatin calcium. Sev...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.c14-00030
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biotransformation of chrysin by Cunninghamella elegans NRRL 1392 produced apigenin, apigenin 7-sulfate, apigenin 7,4'-disulfate, and a new metabolite identified as chrysin 7-sulfate. On the other hand, fermentation of apigenin, using the same microorganism, yielded apigenin 7-sulfate and apigenin 7,4'-disulfate. The s...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.53.671
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adriamycin linked to oxidized dextran (ADM-OXD) via Schiff's base formation was compared with free adriamycin with regard to antitumor activity, acute toxicity and plasma pharmacokinetics in rats following i.v. administration. ADM-OXD showed higher activity against Walker carcinosarcoma 256 than free adriamycin. On th...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.37.1639
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fe2+-dependent lipid peroxidation in phosphatidylcholine (PC) liposomes, assessed by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) production, was stimulated in the presence of Fe3+ in a concentration-dependent manner. The rates of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction and Fe2+ oxidation (Fe2+ disappearance and Fe3+...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.50.203
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peptides mimicking chemokine receptor CCR5 were synthesized and their anti-HIV-1 activities evaluated. Prepared compounds, especially a sulfated derivatives, showed significant anti-HIV-1 activities. Furthermore, a hybrid molecule linked to an N-carbomethoxycarbonyl-prolyl-phenylalanine (CPF) moiety had a greater effe...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.48.308
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analytical studies were carried out, for the first time, to evaluate the use of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) as an analytical reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of eleven therapeutically important fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQA). The procedures involved the reaction of the FQA with NBS and subsequent measu...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.55.1551
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new flavonol triglycoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1"-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1'''-->6")-beta-D-galactopyranoside, has been isolated from the leaves of Hammada scoparia together with two known compounds, isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1'''-->2")[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1"-->6")]-beta-D-...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.50.1268
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of [6]-gingerol were investigated in rats with acute renal failure induced by bilateral nephrectomy, or those with acute hepatic failure induced by a single oral administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), to clarify the contribution of the kidney and liver to the elimination process of [6]-gin...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.40.1295
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From the air-dried roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer collected in Xinjiang province, China ("Shinkyo-Kanzo" in Japanese), a new oleanene-type triterpene oligoglycoside named licorice-saponin L3 and a new chalcone oligoglycoside named isoliquiritin apioside were isolated together with glycyrrhizin, 18 alpha-glycyr...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.41.1567
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dryocrassyl formate, sitostanyl formate, and 12alpha-hydroxyfern-9(11)-ene were isolated from the fresh fronds of Cyathea podophylla. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques and synthesis. Ten known triterpenoids, three derivatives of phytol, a stanol, and beta-tocopherol were also identified from...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.51.1311
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Umbilicus pendulinus afforded in addition to 2-O-caffeoyl malate, isoquercitrin and Z-venusol, the new isomer E-venusol. Special NMR experiments were carried out to elucidate the configuration of the two latter compounds. ...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.48.1768
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three new cardiac glycosides named cheiranthoside VIII (1), cheiranthoside IX (2) and cheiranthoside X (3) were isolated from the seeds of Erysimum cheiranthoides. Based on spectroscopic data, the structures of 1-3 were characterized as strophanthidin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-antiaropyranoside, cheiran...
journal_title：Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1248/cpb.50.861
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
