HLA-G expression in melanomas.

abstract：:The C-type lectins DC-SIGN, DC-SIGNR and LSECtin are encoded by the lectin gene cluster on chromosome 19p13.3 and perform cell-adhesion and pathogen recognition functions on dendritic cells, liver cells and lymph node sinusoidal endothelial cells. DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR share similar overall gene and protein molecule st...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Zhang F,Ren S,Zuo Y

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) establishes a latent infection within sensory neurons and periodically reactivates in response to stress. HSV's ability to inhabit neurons for the life of the host involves a number of virally encoded functions that tightly regulate the latency-reactivation cycle, preventing uncontrolled spr...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Bloom DC

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (Mϕs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that can efficiently phagocytose Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB). It is quite interesting to mention here that DCs and Mϕs use distinct strategies to combat and eliminate Mtb. Simil...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Khan N,Vidyarthi A,Pahari S,Agrewala JN

更新日期：2016-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The tolerogenic phenotype of human dendritic cells is characterized by high cell surface expression of the inhibitory receptor ILT3. ILT3 signals both intracellularly inhibiting tyrosine phosphorylation, NF-kappaB and MAPK p38 activity, transcription of certain co-stimulatory molecules, secretion of cytokines and chem...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Vlad G,Chang CC,Colovai AI,Vasilescu ER,Cortesini R,Suciu-Foca N

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Almost 30 years have passed since adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) was identified as a new disease entity in Japan. During this period, its causative agent, human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1), was discovered, and a crucial role of the viral product Tax in ATL leukemogenesis was demonstrated. Recently, another HTLV-1 prod...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Murata K,Yamada Y

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The B cell-stimulating molecules, BAFF (B cell activating factor) and APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand), are critical factors in the maintenance of the B cell pool and humoral immunity. In addition, BAFF and APRIL are involved in the pathogenesis of a number of human autoimmune diseases, with elevated levels of ...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Samy E,Wax S,Huard B,Hess H,Schneider P

更新日期：2017-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite their functional similarities, peripheral lymphoid tissues are remarkably different according to their developmental properties and structural characteristics, including their specified vasculature. Access of leukocytes to these organs critically depends on their interactions with the local endothelium, where ...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Kellermayer Z,Hayasaka H,Kajtár B,Simon D,Robles EF,Martinez-Climent JA,Balogh P

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The immune response to the phosphorylcholine (PC) hapten elicited by PC-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is composed of 2 groups of antibodies with specificity to either PC or phenylphosphorylcholine which were designated as group I and II anti-PC antibodies, respectively. We demonstrate that anti-PC IgE antibody expre...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Blaser K,Heusser CH

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gastric mucosal pathogen Helicobacter pylori induces autoantibodies directed against the gastric proton pump H+,K+-ATPase in 20-30% of infected patients. The presence of these autoantibodies is associated with severity of gastritis, increased atrophy, and apoptosis in the corpus mucosa, and patients with these aut...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Bergman MP,Vandenbroucke-Grauls CM,Appelmelk BJ,D'Elios MM,Amedei A,Azzurri A,Benagiano M,Del Prete G

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple cytokines and growth factors are critical for the prognosis of cancer which has been regarded as a worldwide health problem. Recently, neuropeptides, soluble factors regulating a series of functions in the central nervous system, have also been demonstrated to stimulate the proliferation and migration of tumo...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Ye Y,Liu P,Wang Y,Li H,Wei F,Cheng Y,Han L,Yu J

更新日期：2016-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells are professional antigen-presenting cells that maintain immune tolerance to self-antigens by deleting or controlling the pathogenicity of auto-reactive T-cells. Dendritic cell-based immunotherapies show great promise for the restoration of tolerance in autoimmune disease. Dendritic cells can be modifie...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Hilkens CM,Isaacs JD,Thomson AW

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) as molecules able to redirect T lymphocytes toward tumor cells is currently being exploited in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Despite promising preliminary results, some clinical trials evidenced limitations for this technology that must be overcome for more extensi...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Chicaybam L,Sodré AL,Bonamino M

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A unifying theory of B cell development and lineage commitment is presented. There are two firmly established B lineages: cells which normally arise only from fetal sources and lack N insertions in their rearranged heavy chains; and N-containing cells which arise from adult bone marrow precursors (and perhaps from lat...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Wortis HH

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Agonistic anti-CD40 antibody is a potent stimulator of anti-tumor immune responses due to its action on both immune and tumor cells. It has the ability to "precondition" dendritic cells, allowing them to prime effective cytotoxic T-cell responses. Thus, anti-CD40 antibody provides an ideal therapy for combination with...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Khong A,Nelson DJ,Nowak AK,Lake RA,Robinson BW

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Classical and non-classical monocytes are two well-defined subsets of monocytes displaying distinct roles. They differentially express numerous genes relevant to their primary role. Using five independent transcriptomic microarray datasets, we ruled out several inconsistent genes and identified common genes consistent...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Anbazhagan K,Duroux-Richard I,Jorgensen C,Apparailly F

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) persists as a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease and is characterized by the production of autoantibodies and immune complexes that affect multiple organs. The underlying mechanism that triggers and sustains disease are complex and involve certain susceptibility genes and enviro...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Seitz HM,Matsushima GK

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B family of proteins is a key regulator of inflammation, innate immunity, and cell survival and differentiation. Components of these pathways are potential targets of intervention for inflammation, infectious diseases, and cancer. However, therapeutic interventions that dampen the host re...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Krakauer T

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neonates often respond poorly to conventional vaccines or microbial infections. Immaturity of the immune system has been considered to play a role in this regard. However, accumulating evidence shows that in certain conditions, neonatal inoculation of antigens leads to protective immunity. In the particular case of DN...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Bot A

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is a significant problem in women of childbearing ages and is caused by Candida albicans, a commensal organism of the intestinal and reproductive tracts. As a result of this commensalism, most healthy individuals have demonstrable Candida-specific adaptive immunity that is con...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Fidel PL Jr

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of a strong cellular immune response is critical for the control of the intracellular pathogen Toxoplasma gondii. This occurs by activation of a complex, integrated immune response, which utilizes cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems. In the last two decades there have been major advances in...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Lieberman LA,Hunter CA

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Noncoding RNA comprises of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are abundantly present in mammalian transcriptome. These noncoding RNAs have been implicated in multiple biological processes through the regulation of gene expression. Each of these noncoding RNAs were found to have multiple genes ta...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Roy S,Awasthi A

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past few decades, advancements in molecular and cell biology have allowed scientists to identify a large number of new antigens from a variety of viral and bacterial pathogens. However, successful development of these antigens into effective vaccines strongly relies on delivery systems able to avoid the rapid...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Cutting SM,Hong HA,Baccigalupi L,Ricca E

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elucidation of the structure of MHC molecules has provided profound new insights into their function in antigen presentation. In addition, structural studies have implicated certain regions of MHC molecules in specific functions. Although much of MHC biology has concentrated on the extensive polymorphism among these m...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Krensky AM,Clayberger C

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is specialized for the recognition of pathogenic nucleic acids. TLR9 is expressed in intracellular compartments where it responds specifically to pathogen DNA. Several factors contribute to the ability of TLR9 to discriminate between self and foreign DNA. Regulatory mechanisms of the innate...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Vollmer J

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both estrogen (E2) and T-cell receptor (TCR) peptides have beneficial effects on the clinical course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and possibly multiple sclerosis (MS) that involve distinct but congruent mechanisms. Of interest, these two approaches share an ability to enhance expression of the Fo...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Offner H,Vandenbark AA

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathophysiology of atopic diseases, including asthma and allergy, is the result of complex gene-environment interactions. Since European colonization the Indigenous population of Australia has undergone significant changes with respect to their lifestyle as hunter-gatherers. These changes have had a detrimental ef...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Walton SF,Weir C

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction between immune responses and hepatitis B virus (HBV) is coordinated between innate and adaptive immunity. Anti-HBs antibodies protect the host by blocking the binding ability of HBV. Anti-HBc antibodies are detected with persistent HBV infection. The presence of anti-HBe antibodies is often associated ...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Tsai HT,Tsai TH,Lu TM,Yang CC

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two of the key events in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis are the synovial cell proliferation and lymphocyte infiltration into the synovium. The resulting synovitis is longlasting and leads to destructive arthritis, which is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis. Accumulating evidence suggests that one of the key...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Takeuchi T,Abe T

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IVIgG preparations are now widely applied for immune modulatory treatment in various forms of autoimmune and immune complex diseases. Several controlled studies clearly demonstrated the clinical efficacy of this type of treatment; the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, however, have yet to be elucidated. Among ...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Mannhalter JW,Eibl MM

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leukocytes can't perform phagocytosis in blood stream. Blood velocity prevents phagocytosis because there is no time for leukocyte to recognize and catch bacteria. Bloodstream clearance from pathogens is performed by erythrocytes. During motion in bloodstream erythrocytes become charged by triboelectric effect. This c...

journal_title：International reviews of immunology

authors： Minasyan HA

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00