Lower Prevalence and Severity of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Chronic Chagas' Disease by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:In Chagas' disease endemic regions, there has been for many years a recurrent empirical observation that coronary artery disease (CAD) is uncommon in patients with Chagas' disease. Previous pathological and invasive coronary angiography studies led to controversial results. OBJECTIVE:We sought to investigate whether CAD is less prevalent and less severe in patients with chronic Chagas' disease when compared with a matched population with a similar CAD risk profile. METHODS:A total of 86 participants, 43 consecutive patients with chronic Chagas' disease and 43 asymptomatic individuals, without any prior history of cardiac disease or known CAD (control group), were included. Patients and controls were matched according to gender, age, and Framingham risk score. All participants underwent coronary calcium scoring and coronary computed tomography angiography on a 320-row detector scanner. Statistical significance level adopted was p < 0.05. RESULTS:The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) was significantly lower in patients with Chagas' disease than in controls (p<0.05). The presence of coronary atherosclerotic plaques was significantly less frequent in patients with Chagas' disease than in controls (20.9% versus 41.9%, p=0.037). After adjustment for the Framingham score, the odds ratio for the presence of any coronary artery calcium (CAC) in Chagas patients was 0.26 (95%CI: 0.07-0.99, p=0.048). The pattern is similar for CACS > 10 (OR: 0.11, 95%CI: 0.01-0.87, p=0.04) and for the presence of any stenosis (OR: 0.06, 95%CI: 0.01-0.47, p=0.001). Propensity score matching also indicated an effect of Chagas disease on the CACS (-21.6 points in the absolute score and 25% less of patients with CACS >10, p=0.015). CONCLUSIONS:CAD is less prevalent and less severe in patients with chronic Chagas' disease when compared with a matched population with a similar CAD risk profile. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(6):1051-1060). FUNDAMENTO:Em regiões endêmicas da doença de Chagas, por muitos anos, existe uma observação empírica recorrente de que a doença arterial coronariana (DAC) é incomum em pacientes com doença de Chagas. Estudos anteriores baseados em análise patológica ou angiografia coronária invasiva apresentam resultados controversos. OBJETIVO:Investigar se a DAC é menos prevalente e menos grave em pacientes com doença de Chagas crônica em comparação a uma população pareada controle, com perfil de risco para DAC similar. MÉTODOS:Um total de 86 participantes, 43 pacientes com doença de Chagas crônica consecutivos e 43 indivíduos assintomáticos, sem qualquer história prévia de doença cardíaca ou doença DAC conhecida (grupo controle), foram incluídos no estudo. Pacientes e controles foram pareados quanto sexo, idade e escore de risco de Framingham. Todos os pacientes foram analisados quanto ao escore de cálcio coronário (ECC) e submetidos à angiotomografia coronária usando um tomógrafo de 320 detectores. O nível de significância estatística adotado foi de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS:O ECC foi significativamente mais baixo em pacientes com doença de Chagas em comparação aos controles (p<0,05). A presença de placas ateroscleróticas coronárias foi significativamente menos frequente em pacientes com doença de Chagas que nos controles (20,9% versus 41,9%, p=0,037). Após ajuste quanto ao escore de Framingham, o odds ratio para a presença de qualquer calcificação coronária foi de 0,26 (IC95%: 0,07-0,99, p=0,048). O padrão é similar para escore de cálcio coronário (ECC) > 10 (OR: 0,11, IC95%: 0,01-0,87, p=0,04), e para a presença de estenose (OR: 0,06, IC95%: 0,01-0,47, p=0,001). O pareamento por escore de propensão também mostrou um efeito da doença de Chagas no ECC (-21,6 pontos no escore absoluto e 25% menos pacientes com ECC > 10; p=0,015). CONCLUSÕES:A prevalência e a gravidade da DAC são mais baixas nos pacientes com doença de Chagas crônica em comparação a uma população pareada e perfil de risco para DAC similar. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(6):1051-1060).

journal_name

Arq Bras Cardiol

authors

Cardoso S,Azevedo Filho CF,Fernandes F,Ianni B,Torreão JA,Marques MD,Ávila LFR,Santos Filho R,Mady C,Kalil-Filho R,Ramires JAF,Bittencourt MS,Rochitte CE

doi

10.36660/abc.20200342

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-12-01 00:00:00

pages

1051-1060

issue

6

eissn

0066-782X

issn

1678-4170

pii

S0066-782X2020001401051

journal_volume

115

pub_type

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