Abstract:
:Human beings have always lived with risks and have coped as best they could, according to their perceptions of the relative dangers and the mechanisms available to them. Being conscious of risks helps us to confront and cope with them, but it also has negative effects. The multiplicity of threats and the urgency with which they are presented make it difficult to sort out those that we as individuals can control from those that we cannot. Consequently, we are in danger of surrendering to feelings of helplessness and apathy, which paralyze us in the act of coping even in situations in which personal action can make a difference. The challenge for those of us engaged in interpreting risks to the public is to do so in such a way that we convey a sense of relative risk; and, cumulatively over time, we need to "accentuate the positive" in the sense of communicating that it is well worth the effort for people to control those risks they can control. Risks over which individuals fell they have no control contrast with those related to daily lifestyle decisions. The public is aware of the risks associated with these decisions, but because of some overriding fears, the daily lifestyle choices receive lower priority than they deserve from the public. As health professionals, we can improve ways of presenting the most serious and most controllable threats and reach broader audiences with key messages.
journal_name
Am J Prev Medjournal_title
American journal of preventive medicineauthors
Mason JO,Ogden HG,Berreth DA,Martin LYsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-05-01 00:00:00pages
133-9issue
3eissn
0749-3797issn
1873-2607journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:Tobacco use remains a leading modifiable cause of cancer incidence and premature mortality in the U.S. and globally. Despite increasing life expectancy worldwide, less is known about the effects of cigarette smoking on older populations. This study sought to determine the effects of smoking on mortality in...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.036
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sedentary behavior is an independent risk factor for excess body weight and other health problems. There are no published data on sitting time at work, or how this is related to occupation and sector (branch of business). No published study has shown whether extended sitting at work is compensated for by sit...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.033
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Self-reported weight and height are under- and over-reported, respectively, in epidemiologic studies. This tendency, which may adversely affect study operations, has not been evaluated among subjects being enrolled into a weight-loss program. METHODS:Self-reported weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) w...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00293-8
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The California Department of Health Services conducted a $28,600,000 tobacco education media campaign in 1990 and 1991. An independent evaluation of the media campaign featured four waves of data-gathering, one prior to the campaign's beginning and three at intervals thereafter. In all, 29,264 students in grades 4-12 ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Given the increased emphasis on chronic diseases in the United States, physicians and health survey analysts are now gathering information on patients' subjective measures of health, also known as health-related quality-of-life measures. Studies indicate that these measures can be more powerful predictors of...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2003.11.002
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Regular assessment of the size and composition of the U.S. public health workforce has been a challenge for decades. Previous enumeration efforts estimated 450,000 public health workers in governmental and voluntary agencies in 2000, and 326,602 governmental public health workers in 2012, although difference...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.07.018
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) was recommended for routine use in 2006 followed by monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) in 2008. PURPOSE:To describe, among a U.S. sample of pediatricians (n=289 respondents) and family medicine physicians (n=243 respondents), (1) current practices regarding rotavirus vacc...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.10.001
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in the United States, affecting 2.3 million Americans. AF is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and poor quality of life. AF and its treatments result in high healthcare resource use and costs. OBJECTIVE:To develop a fra...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.07.021
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patient satisfaction has become a measure of the quality of health care, and in highly competitive markets like the Twin Cities metropolitan area of Minnesota, it has become a health plan marketing tool. The purpose of this analysis is to examine whether the known association between preventive services and ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sexual violence is a serious and costly public health problem. Current research that systematically documents the broad range of economic costs of sexual violence is lacking. PURPOSE:To estimate the incidence and costs of sexual violence in Iowa in 2009. METHODS:Using data obtained from population surveys,...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.04.005
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The relationships among food access, foods consumed, and nutritional status and health in developing countries are not well understood. Between 2013 and 2018, differences in the rural food environment and access to food, nutritional status, and body size in the rural villages where the Pune Maternal Nutrit...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.10.017
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular fitness has important implications for current and future health in children. PURPOSE:In this paper, criterion-referenced standards are developed for aerobic capacity (an indicator of cardiovascular fitness) based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. METHODS:The sample was draw...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.07.007
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Adolescents' use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and exposure to e-cigarette TV advertising have increased in recent years, despite questions about their safety. The current study tests whether exposure to e-cigarette TV advertisements influences intentions to use e-cigarettes in the future and rel...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.010
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Military Training Task Force of the Defense Safety Oversight Council chartered a Joint Services Physical Training Injury Prevention Working Group to: (1) establish the evidence base for making recommendations to prevent injuries; (2) prioritize the recommendations for prevention programs and policies; an...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.10.023
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The study systematically reviewed articles on the association between tobacco smoking and periodontitis, as it has been hypothesized that smoking affects the course of periodontitis through impairment of immunological and vascular mechanisms. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION:Searches of articles indexed in PubMed, Scopus,...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.02.014
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In 1975, the then-Center for Disease Control (CDC) established the Vessel Sanitation Program (VSP) to minimize the risk for diarrheal disease among passengers and crew aboard ships by assisting the cruise ship industry in developing and implementing comprehensive environmental health programs. OBJECTIVES:To...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(02)00644-x
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The purposes of this study are to examine the extent to which (1) more-healthy and less-healthy food choices are available to American secondary students in their schools, and (2) there are differences in the availability of such foods as a function of grade, racial/ethnic background, and socioeconomic statu...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.018
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Human papillomavirus vaccination is less prevalent among foreign-born than U.S.-born women and may lead to disparities in human papillomavirus-related cancers in the future. There is limited research on factors associated with vaccination uptake between these two groups. This study examined the association...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2017.08.017
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::After publication of certain vaccine recommendations made by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, several unexpected events have occurred during implementation of these recommendations. These have included changes in recommendations following adverse events involved with a particular vaccine and the confe...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.06.023
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most major medical organizations recommend routine screening for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers. Screening can lead to early detection of these cancers, resulting in reduced mortality. Yet not all people who should be screened are screened, either regularly or, in some cases, ever. This report presents resul...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.04.008
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successfully reaching at-risk teens aged 12-17 years with smoking-prevention messages capable of changing their knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about cigarette smoking requires a multifaceted approach to understand the target audience's unique demographic, environmental, behavioral, interpersonal, and intrapersonal ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.07.040
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Worksite cholesterol screening programs are becoming increasingly prevalent. Variability in cholesterol measurements frequently renders the interpretation of single or repeated cholesterol determinations problematic, complicating employee counseling within screening programs. In the setting of a corporate cholesterol ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Literature on food environments is expanding rapidly, yet a gap exists regarding the role of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) on healthy food availability. In October 2009, the U.S. Department of Agriculture revised the WIC foo...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.06.009
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Physical activity is necessary for bone mass development in adolescence. There are few studies quantifying the associations between physical activity and bone mass in adolescents. PURPOSE:To assess the relationship between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA) an...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.03.001
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tobacco use has been found to be more prevalent among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) adults than among the general population, but there is little information about LGBT youth. This study examined tobacco use in relation to sexual identity in a community venue-based sample of youth. METHODS:...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.002
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study describes opportunistic smoking-cessation counseling and compares strategies used in general practice to experts' recommendations. METHODS:In this observational study we analysed 157 videotaped consultations with self-reported smokers, visiting 70 Australian general practitioners (GPs) who were r...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(97)00010-x
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Muscle strength preservation may play an important role in protecting against cardiometabolic diseases, functional decline, musculoskeletal deterioration, and early all-cause mortality. However, sex-specific strength growth charts and curves using data from a U.S.-representative sample and clinically feasi...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.013
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There are known racial differences in cardiovascular health behaviors, including smoking, physical activity, and diet quality. A better understanding of these differences may help identify intervention targets for reducing cardiovascular disease disparities. This study examined whether socioeconomic, psych...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.03.017
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the past 10 years a good deal of effort has focused on preventing cigarette smoking among adolescents. This effort has often been made without a clear understanding of (1) which groups within the population are at highest risk, (2) which variables are associated with habitual smoking rather than experimentation...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We examined levels of diabetes preventive care services and glycemic and lipid control among African Americans with diabetes in two North Carolina communities. METHODS:Cross-sectional, population-based study of 625 African-American adults with diagnosed diabetes. Participants had a household interview to de...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00351-8
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00