Abstract:
:We studied the effect of legislation requiring deposits for beverage containers on the incidence of lacerations in urban children. Records of emergency room visits for lacerations and fractures were reviewed for three years pre-legislation (1980-82) and the immediate post-legislation period (1983). The incidence of total sutured lacerations did not change substantially after the legislation, but glass-related lacerations fell by 60 per cent, due to a reduced incidence in lacerations occurring outside of the home.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Baker MD,Moore SE,Wise PHdoi
10.2105/ajph.76.10.1243subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-10-01 00:00:00pages
1243-4issue
10eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The prevalence of antibody to LAV/HTLV-III among homosexual men attending a community clinic and a sexually transmitted disease clinic in Seattle, Washington in early 1985 was 42 per cent and 32 per cent, respectively. Seropositivity was apparently not related to age or number of sexual partners. The high prevalence o...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.76.5.564
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine intraindividual change in polytobacco and individual tobacco and nicotine product use across young adulthood. METHOD:Participants were 2711 students from 24 Texas colleges participating in a 6-wave online study, with 6 months between each wave. Participants were aged 18 to 25 years at baseline in...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304850
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined rates of uninsurance among workers in the US health care workforce by health care industry subtype and workforce category. METHODS:We used 2004 to 2006 National Health Interview Survey data to assess health insurance coverage rates. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to est...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.152413
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cotinine was measured in the serum of nearly all 5,115 18-30 year old, Black and White, men and women participating in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in (Young) Adults Study, 30 percent of whom reported current cigarette smoking. Ninety-five percent of the reported smokers had serum cotinine levels indicative of...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2105/ajph.80.9.1053
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systematic reviews have the potential to promote knowledge exchange between researchers and decision-makers. Review planning requires engagement with evidence users to ensure preparation of relevant reviews, and well-conducted reviews should provide accessible and reliable synthesis to support decision-making. Yet, sy...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301400
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the relationship between health care system and economic factors and early childhood caries (ECC) data availability and prevalence. METHODS:We estimated ECC data for 193 United Nations countries from studies published between 2007 and 2017. We obtained other variables from the World Health Organiz...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304466
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We assessed whether multiple psychosocial factors are additive in their relationship to sexual risk behavior and self-reported HIV status (i.e., can be characterized as a syndemic) among young transgender women and the relationship of indicators of social marginalization to psychosocial factors. METHODS:Par...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300433
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Roe v Wade decision made safe abortion available but did not change the reality that more than 1 million women face an unwanted pregnancy every year. Forty years after Roe v Wade, the procedure is not accessible to many US women. The politics of abortion have led to a plethora of laws that create enormous barrier...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301119
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the association of household-level stressors with depressive symptoms among low-wage nursing home employees. METHODS:Data were collected in 2006 and 2007 from 452 multiethnic primary and nonprimary wage earners in 4 facilities in Massachusetts. We used logistic regression to estimate the associ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300323
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We analyzed smoking survey data across communities in Chicago, Ill, to explore community-level variations in smoking behavior. METHODS:We conducted a health survey of 6 racially and ethnically diverse Chicago communities during 2002-2003. The survey included questions about current smoking, smoking history,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.051169
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Data from the Western Collaborative Group Study were used to determine the extent to which the inverse association between socioeconomic status (SES) and mortality can be explained by risk factors for major causes of mortality. METHODS:The relation of education and income to subsequent mortality was studied...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.9.1231
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined initiation patterns among different birth cohorts of people who used prescription opioids and heroin because of historical differences in drug use availability. We examined data from a community-based study of persons who inject drugs (n = 483) in California and a general population survey from the Nationa...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302972
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe the cesarean rates in different child policy periods and assess the medical necessity of cesareans during the 2-child policy period. METHODS:We collected hospital-level aggregate data on 93 745 deliveries and individual-level data on 27 977 deliveries from 6 hospitals in the Hubei and Gansu prov...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304868
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the associations between depressive symptoms and sexual identity and behavior among women with or at risk for HIV. METHODS:We analyzed longitudinal data from 1811 participants in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) from 1994 to 2013 in Brooklyn and the Bronx, New York; Chicago, Illinois; Wa...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302259
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Overall and cause-specific mortality among persons with diabetes in North Dakota was estimated and compared with estimates from previous population-based studies. METHODS:Data were derived from North Dakota death certificate data, which included unique information on decedents' diabetes status and Behaviora...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.1.84
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There have been changes within the judicial system that may be attributable to opinions on the admissibility of expert testimony that began with the Supreme Court's 1993 decision in Daubert v Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. After surveying Daubert and subsequent related Supreme Court opinions, I examine a number of ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.044701
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This article describes a unifying conceptual framework for the public health system as a way to facilitate the measurement of public health system performance. METHODS:A conceptual framework for the public health system was developed on the basis of the work of Donabedian and a conceptual model previously d...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.8.1235
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using data from the Child Health Supplement to the 1981 National Health Interview Survey, illness and use of physician services are compared for children under 18 years old in three family income groups. The results indicate that although annual prevalence of many health problems does not differ greatly by income leve...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.78.8.927
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A hospital-based survey on shift work, sleep, and accidents was carried out among 635 Massachusetts nurses. In comparison to nurses who worked only day/evening shifts, rotators had more sleep/wake cycle disruption and nodded off more at work. Rotators had twice the odds of nodding off while driving to or from work and...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.7.1011
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:National data are thought to underestimate pregnancy-related mortality in the United States. A multisource surveillance system for pregnancy-associated deaths in New Jersey offers an opportunity to identify the magnitude of and the trends in pregnancy-related mortality at the state level. METHODS:Data from ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.8.1085
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding differential disease susceptibility requires new tools to quantify the cumulative effects of environmental stress. Evidence suggests that social, physical, and chemical stressors can influence disease through the accumulation of epigenetic modifications. Geographically stable epigenetic alterations could...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302130
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A representative sample of women living in metropolitan Los Angeles were asked what they heard and what they believed about mammography and whether they would obtain a mammogram if their doctor advised it. Forty percent of these women said they had not heard of mammography even after the procedure was described. Few o...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.69.11.1172
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Syphilis in the United States is focally distributed, with high incidence rates in the South and in metropolitan areas nationwide. In this study an ecological analysis, using the county as the unit of analysis, was performed to generate hypotheses about community-level determinants of syphilis rates. METHOD...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.87.12.1937
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asymptomatic infection with either Entameba histolytica or Giardia lamblia was found in 61 per cent of the residents of a dormitory in an institution for the mentally retarded; two other dormitories had rates of 20 per cent and 22 per cent. Drug therapy was successfully undertaken in all three dormitories, and environ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.69.12.1279
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study evaluated the efficacy of radiographic screening for tuberculosis in correctional facilities. METHODS:Inmates at an admission facility in New York, NY, were screened for tuberculosis by registry cross-match, symptom interviews, tuberculin testing, and chest radiography. RESULTS:Thirty-two cases ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.87.8.1335
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies of stress in childhood have used instruments containing items describing events/conditions thought by adults to be stressful for children. In interviews with 5th- and 6th-grade children, we asked them to describe circumstances that would make or had made them feel bad, nervous, or worried. After prete...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.2.117
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We assessed whether local health departments (LHDs) were conducting obesity prevention programs and diabetes screening programs, and we examined associations between LHD characteristics and whether they conducted these programs. METHODS:We used the 2005 National Profile of Local Health Departments to conduc...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.168831
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe the association between indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) and the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the United States during the period 2002 to 2010, when overall ASD prevalence among children more than doubled, and to determine whether SES disparities account for ongoing rac...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.304032
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the relationship between obstetrical intervention and preterm birth in the United States between 1991 and 2006. METHODS:We assessed changes in preterm birth, cesarean delivery, labor induction, and associated risks. Logistic regression modeled the odds of preterm obstetrical intervention after r...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.180570
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In public health evaluations, confounding bias in the estimate of the intervention effect will typically threaten the validity of the findings. It is a common misperception that the only way to avoid this bias is to measure detailed, high-quality data on potential confounders for every intervention participant, but th...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303250
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00