Abstract:
:Compound action potential recording techniques were used to investigate the time- and frequency-dependent effects of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and tetraethylammonium (TEA) on large diameter, fast conducting (t1) and medium diameter, middle conducting (t2) optic tract axons in anesthetized hooded rats. Single-pulse studies show 4-AP causes a rapid decrease in t1 and t2 response amplitude with larger decreases and longer lasting effects in t2 axons. In both axons, 4-AP leads to waveform broadening which is accounted for by increases in fall time since rise time and conduction velocity are unaffected by 4-AP. Strength-duration curves reveal 4-AP increases rheobase and decreases chronaxie in both axons with larger increases occurring in t1. T1, but not t2, axons also display some TEA-sensitivity. The absolute and relative refractory periods, determined with paired-pulse recovery functions, are increased by 4-AP to a greater degree in t1 than t2 axons. These axons, however, display equal sensitivity to TEA. In contrast, 4-AP and TEA decrease frequency following in both axons with larger effects observed in t2. Based on our data, and that of others, we speculate that t1 axons exhibit 4-AP and TEA sensitivity at nodal/paranodal regions and not at internodal regions, while t2 axons exhibit 4-AP sensitivity at nodal/paranodal and internodal regions and TEA sensitivity only at internodal regions of the axolemma. The possible relevance of these findings to the distribution of 4-AP- and TEA-sensitive potassium channels on t1 and t2 axons and the coding of visual spatial and temporal information remains to be determined.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Fox DA,Ruan DYdoi
10.1016/0006-8993(89)91102-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-10-02 00:00:00pages
229-42issue
2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
0006-8993(89)91102-5journal_volume
498pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract::The effects of spinal cord hemisection on protein labeling in the medulla, pons, midbrain, and cortex in the Cebus monkey were studied by measuring the uptake of [3H]lysine into the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitable and non-precipitable fractions of brain. Animals were sacrificed 3, 6 or 13 days after hemisectio...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(77)90458-9
更新日期:1977-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies with PC12 cells have suggested that the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway might play a major role in the neuronal differentiation that is induced by nerve growth factor (NGF). Cells of the PC12D subline extend neurites within several hours in response to NGF in the presence of inhibitors ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01403-0
更新日期:1998-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The postnatal development of the terminal Schwann cell, an analogue of the lamellar cell in cutaneous sensory receptors, was examined by histochemistry for non-specific cholinesterase and immunohistochemistry for S-100 protein in the periodontal Ruffini endings of the rat incisor. Double immunohistochemistry for S-100...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02463-4
更新日期:2000-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::Paranodal glial loops (lateral belt cytoplasm) of myelinated CNS and PNS fibres contain tubules of agranular reticulum, as well as microtubules, wound spirally around the axon. Similar agranular elements run circumferentially in the expanded rims of sheet-like astrocytic processes encapsulating thalamic synaptic glome...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(80)90414-x
更新日期:1980-09-08 00:00:00
abstract::The postnatal maturation of the medial preoptic area (MPOA) of male and female rats was studied by means of light and electron microscopy. In Golgi-Kopsch preparations, bi- and multipolar cells were present at birth in both sexes; the perikarya of most of these cells, as seen with the electron microscope, exhibited an...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(77)90454-1
更新日期:1977-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::Expertise offers a unique insight into how our brain functions. The purpose of this experiment was to determine if motor system activity and functional connectivity between the cognitive system and sensorimotor system is differentially modulated by an individual's level of expertise. This goal was achieved through the...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2013.09.048
更新日期:2013-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown previously that progesterone linked with bovine serum albumin at position 3 of the progesterone molecule (P-3-BSA) was effective in modulating (both stimulating and inhibiting) amphetamine (AMPH)-evoked dopamine (DA) release in vitro from superfused corpus striatal (CS) tissue fragments of ovariectomized...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90395-c
更新日期:1991-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of toluene on synaptic transmission and neuronal morphology were investigated using guinea pig hippocampal slices. Population spikes (PS) were elicited in granule cell layer by stimulation of the perforant path and antidromic potentials (AP) were evoked in the same locii by stimulation of mossy fibers. Tol...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91983-6
更新日期:1994-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that muscarinic cholinergic agonists bind to 3 distinct receptor sites in brain, each being distinguished by their affinity for the agonists. Antagonists, on the other hand, bind to these sites with the same high affinity. The relative concentrations of the two high and the low affinity ago...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(80)91089-6
更新日期:1980-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Measurement of histamine and its metabolizing enzymes in a variety of chordate species indicated that histamine and histamine methyltransferase were present in brain of all vertebrate species with a recognizable brain structure. Diamine oxidase was absent in mammalian brain but was present in brain of lower vertebrate...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)90642-9
更新日期:1981-03-09 00:00:00
abstract::Among 235 histologically identified cells of the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (LGV) in the cat, 66 responded antidromically to electrical stimulation of the pretectum (PT) and/or superior colliculus (SC): 22 projected to PT, 22 to SC and 22 to both sites. The LGV cells were innervated by optic tract fibers corre...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90993-x
更新日期:1985-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in the polymorph layer of the hippocampal dentate hilus were found to be the cells of origin for ipsilateral association and commissural projections to the dentate gyrus. Both afferent systems terminate in the proximal one-third of the stratum moleculare. The polymorph layer is the primary target for noradrene...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)90512-6
更新日期:1981-06-29 00:00:00
abstract::The role of astrocytes in glutamate toxicity has been controversial. Here, we show that astrocytes in neuron-astrocyte co-cultures increased neuronal sensitivity to chronic glutamate exposure but not to acute exposure. Enhanced neuronal toxicity by chronic exposure was dependent on astrocyte cell numbers. A reduced ge...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.10.015
更新日期:2014-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::The projections of putative dopamine containing cells within the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) were studied using a combination of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunocytochemistry and fluorescent retrograde tracing. Substantial numbers of TH-immunoreactive cells in the DR were found to project to the nucleus accumbens. Progr...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)90239-8
更新日期:1990-03-12 00:00:00
abstract::While listening to music, we immediately detect 'wrong' tones that do not match our expectations based on the prior context. This study aimed to determine whether such expectations can occur preattentively, as indexed by event-related potentials (ERPs), and whether these are modulated by attentional processes. To this...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.08.023
更新日期:2006-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Body temperature changes and heat shock protein (HSP-72) induction in the caudate nucleus were studied in female C57BL/6N mice pretreated with ibogaine (50 mg/kg) and sacrificed 48 h. after a single dose of methamphetamine (20 mg/kg). Methamphetamine injection resulted in hyperthermia and induced HSP-72 expression, wh...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01154-3
更新日期:1999-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Electrical stimulation of the chorda tympani nerve (CT; innervating taste buds on the rostral tongue) is known to initiate recurrent inhibition in cells in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS, the first central relay in the gustatory system). Here, we explored the relationship between inhibitory circuits and the br...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.03.069
更新日期:2009-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::The precursor of the non-Abeta-component of Alzheimer's disease (AD) amyloid (NACP, alpha-synuclein) aggregates into insoluble filaments of Lewy bodies (LBs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with LBs (DLB). The microtubule-associated protein tau is an integral component of filaments of neurofibrillary tangles ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01848-x
更新日期:1999-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Putative serotonergic dorsal raphe (DRN) neurons display a dramatic state-related change in behaviour, discharging regularly at a high rate during waking and at progressively slower rates during slow-wave sleep (SWS) and ceasing firing during paradoxical sleep (PS). Using the antidromic latency technique and extracell...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02210-7
更新日期:2001-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic potentials evoked in the medial amygdala (m-AMG) neurons were studied in in vitro slice preparations obtained from normal and olfactory bulbectomized rats. Local stimulation induced a sequence of responses: a fast EPSP, a fast IPSP and a slow EPSP. The fast EPSP was suppressed by kynurenic acid (KYN) at a con...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)91743-z
更新日期:1990-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Regeneration of descending supraspinal projections were identified in adult goldfish following administration of HRP to different levels of the spinal cord. While in the untreated normal fish 17 nuclei were shown to project into the spinal cord, only 11 of them seem to have participated in the process of regeneration....
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90159-k
更新日期:1993-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of tree shrews is very susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of kainic acid. In addition to neuronal loss, there is a profound loss of retinal terminals that is manifested through a disruption of anterograde transport of WGA/HRP from the retina to the kainic acid-lesioned area of ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)91516-2
更新日期:1987-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::We have conducted studies in intact adult male rats, designed to examine the effect of a 3- or 7-day exposure to alcohol (EtOH) on the pituitary's response to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRF) or stress, and on CRF expression in the hypothalamus. In a first series of experiments, rats exposed to EtOH vapors for 7 ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)91685-a
更新日期:1990-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of lead as a neurotoxic agent has been associated with alterations in calcium metabolism. On this line, the present study shows that lead alters the characteristics of [3H]nitrendipine ([ 3H]NDP) binding to rat striatal membranes. In vitro, lead shares the action of calcium in enhancing [3H]NDP binding alth...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)91202-2
更新日期:1984-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::The actions of sodium valproate (NaVP) were studied in the in vitro hippocampus using extracellular, intracellular and voltage-clamp recording techniques. In the CA1 region, concentrations of 30-200 microM NaVP reduced the amplitude but not the time course of post-tetanic potentiation (PTP) of dendritic field excitato...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90678-6
更新日期:1988-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work had indicated that animals that were sleep-deprived and then trained on a passive avoidance task show poor retention of the task 24 h later after being allowed to sleep freely again. Cholinergic involvement is suggested by the fact that this effect is prevented by treatment with the muscarinic agonist pi...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02688-x
更新日期:2003-07-04 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated exposure to stressful stimuli or psychostimulants increases sensitivity to the motoric effects of these drugs, i.e. behavioral sensitization. The objective of the present experiment was to determine the interaction between factors that modulate psychostimulant sensitivity, i.e. sex and circulating gonadal hor...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91651-9
更新日期:1994-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::In the companion study (Dev. Brain Res., 34 (1987) 223-233), we showed that a monocular injection of antibodies against ox large retinal ganglion cells produces a 53% (low concentration) to 82% (high concentration) loss of Y-cells in lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) layers A and A1 that receive inputs from the antibod...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-3806(87)90212-4
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dorsolateral funiculus (DLF) spinal pathway has previously been identified as a major pathway involved in descending modulation of pain. While bilateral lesions of the DLF attenuated systemic morphine analgesia as measured by the tail-flick test, they failed to attenuate analgesia as measured by the formalin test....
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90582-7
更新日期:1985-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Alteration in the blood-nerve barrier may be of primary importance in the development of experimental lead neuropathy. Using quantitative track autoradiography, we have directly demonstrated that there is a 15-fold increase in the rate of 210Pb accumulation in the endoneurium 70 days after the onset of chronic intoxic...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)90318-8
更新日期:1981-11-23 00:00:00