Discriminative stimulus effects of caffeine: tolerance and cross-tolerance with methylphenidate.

abstract：:We analyzed PGE2 production in primary-cultured human hepatic macrophages (HHM phi) and peripheral monocytes (MO) from patients with and without liver cirrhosis, and correlated PGE2 production with the patients' liver function. Serum choline esterase (ChE) levels were used as an indicator of liver function. PGE2 produ...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Funaki N,Arii S,Adachi Y,Higashituji H,Tanaka J,Imamura M

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:[3H]-Spiroperidol specifically binds at sites in human prefrontal cortex. The binding of this ligand is apparently anomalous at 37 degrees C, with a substantial loss of specific binding occurring between 5 and 40 min incubation. However, at 21 degrees C, this loss of binding is not observed even at 60 min. At 21 degre...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Andorn AC,Huang EH,Warren AE

更新日期：1984-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracts of Chan Su, a traditional Chinese medication used as a topical anesthetic and cardiac medication, were incubated with cardiomyocytes that had been loaded with a calcium specific fluorescent probe. Calcium transients were measured by real-time fluorescence spectrophotometry following treatment. The transients ...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Bick RJ,Poindexter BJ,Sweney RR,Dasgupta A

更新日期：2002-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Epinephrine (E) infusions raise blood pressure and there is an excess incidence of hypertension among males and blacks. However, reports of E levels by ethnicity, gender, and blood pressure status are inconsistent. Insensitive assays, variability in plasma E levels within individuals, and the small size of most studie...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： González-Trápaga JL,Nelesen RA,Dimsdale JE,Mills PJ,Kennedy B,Parmer RJ,Ziegler MG

更新日期：2000-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied effects of tyrphostin A23 (an inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase; PTK) and tyrphostin A63 (an inactive analog of tyrphostin A23) on forskolin-activated cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl(-) channels and Cl(-) secretion in renal epithelial A6 cells. Tyrphostin A23 and A63 had no ...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Niisato N,Nishio K,Marunaka Y

更新日期：2002-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphocyte apoptosis occurs in response to stressors such as thermal injury, trauma, sepsis, and surgery. This study evaluated the effect of a single bout of physical exercise stress on the induction of apoptosis in murine thymocytes and splenic lymphocytes. Female C57BL/6 mice, treadmill exercised at a submaximal int...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Hoffman-Goetz L,Zajchowski S,Aldred A

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metalloproteinases (MMP), particularly MMP-9 produced by the intratumor monocyte/macrophages, play an important role in tumor invasion and metastases. Recent clinical trials in patients with primary breast cancer suggest that bisphosphonates (BP), above all clodronate, may reduce bone metastases. The aim of the presen...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Valleala H,Hanemaaijer R,Mandelin J,Salminen A,Teronen O,Mönkkönen J,Konttinen YT

更新日期：2003-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of the Type I benzodiazepine (BDZ) receptor agonist, CL 218,872, on convulsions generated by low doses of methyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ( MBCC ), bicuculline, picrotoxin and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in mice was examined. Low doses of CL 218,872 enhanced the convulsions produced by all agents excep...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Melchior CL,Garrett KM,Tabakoff B

更新日期：1984-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of metoclopramide (10 mg, iv.) or physiological saline on the exercise-induced (standardized bicycle ergometry) increase in blood pressure and heart rate of patients with essential hypertension was investigated in a double blind, randomized, self controlled study. Metoclopramide had no effect on the exercis...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Alföldi A,Farsang C

更新日期：1987-04-13 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:The study aimed to investigate whether IL-23 is amplified in monocyte subsets of MP pneumonia and to determine its relevant pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We firstly analyze the IL-23p19 expression in monocyte subgroups in MP pneumonia patients and healthy controls subjects by using flow cytometry. Then, we also ...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Wang Z,Bao H,Liu Y,Wang Y,Qin J,Yang L

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:To assess the relationship between endothelial dysfunction, endothelin 1 (ET-1) plasma levels and subclinical inflammation in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients. MAIN METHODS:We enrolled 40 POAG patients with progressive visual field damage, although well controlled intraocular pressure (IOP) and compare...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Cellini M,Strobbe E,Gizzi C,Balducci N,Toschi PG,Campos EC

更新日期：2012-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of metformin (MF) to acutely relax phenylephrine (PE)-induced contraction in the isolated rat tail artery is reported to be accompanied by repolarization of the arterial smooth muscle cell (SMC) membranes. These membranes contain potassium (K) channels which if opened could mediate such repolarization and ...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Peuler JD,Lee JM,Smith JM

更新日期：1999-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Progesterone's (P) actions in the ventral medial hypothalamus (VMH) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are essential for sexual receptivity in hamsters. This study investigates the notion that P works in the VTA in the absence of intracellular P receptors (PRs) by 5 alpha-reduction to progestins, which would subsequ...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Frye CA,Leadbetter EA

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:Prior work suggests that ischemic preconditioning increases the level of CD39 in the heart and contributes to cardiac protection. Therefore, we examined if targeted cardiac expression of CD39 protects against myocardial injury. MAIN METHODS:Mice with cardiac-specific expression of human CD39 (αMHC/hCD39-Tg) were ...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Smith SB,Xu Z,Novitskaya T,Zhang B,Chepurko E,Pu XA,Wheeler DG,Ziolo M,Gumina RJ

更新日期：2017-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of brief inhalation of carbon dioxide (CO2) was studied in a conflict situation (Vogel test) in the rat. This treatment, which inhibits gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated transmission in rat brain and induces anxiety and panic attacks in humans, elicited a proconflict effect. Exposure of rats for 1 min...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Cuccheddu T,Floris S,Serra M,Porceddu ML,Sanna E,Biggio G

更新日期：1995-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of delta 9-THC and other cannabinoids on cAMP levels in synaptosomes from mouse brains were investigated in order to determine whether cannabinoids produced their behavioral effects through alterations in adenylate cyclase. delta 9-THC (0.01-10 microM) did not significantly alter basal cAMP levels, whereas...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Little PJ,Martin BR

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were administered intravenously liposome-encapsulated or free cobalt, and the organ distribution of the metal was explored using Co57 tracer. Two hours after administration, the cobalt level in the heart was about 40% of the control when given in sphingomyelin (SM)/cholesterol (CH) (1:1 mole ratio) liposomes. The...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Szebeni J,Garcia R,Eskelson CD,Chvapil M

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent head-twitch response (HTR) studies in mice have indicated that withdrawal from chronic cocaine exposure produces deficits in CNS conversion of L-tryptophan to 5-HT. In the present study, the ability of 5-HT releaser, d-fenfluramine, was utilized to induce the HTR in mice following abstinence from chronic cocain...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Darmani NA

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Responses to [Mpr14]-ADM(14-50), a novel analog of adrenomedullin, were investigated in the hindlimb vascular bed of the cat under conditions of controlled blood flow. Intraarterial injections of [Mpr14]-rADM(14-50) in doses of 0.003-1 nmol caused dose-related decreases in hindlimb perfusion pressure. In terms of rela...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Champion HC,Duperier CD,Fitzgerald WE,Lambert DG,Murphy WA,Coy DH,Kadowitz PJ

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sphincter of Oddi (SO) plays an important role in regulating the bile flow into the duodenum. This study was designed to investigate the effect of Chinese Medicinal Herbs Muh-Shiang-Bin-Lang-Wan (MSBLW) and their mechanism of action on regulating the motility of SO in rabbits. The activity of SO in anesthetized ra...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Kuo YI,Chiu JH,Lin JG,Hsieh CL,Wu CW

更新日期：2003-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:N(G)-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), inhibits the three isozymes of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of NOS inhibition by L-NAME is uncertain. L-NAME was a time-dependent inhibitor of neuronal NOS (nNOS). Concommitantly, L-NAME was hydrolyzed, non-enzymatically, to N(G)-Nitro-L-a...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Furfine ES,Carbine K,Bunker S,Tanoury G,Harmon M,Laubach V,Sherman P

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stability and distribution of orally administered epidermal growth factor (EGF) were examined in newborn and 5-day-old pigs. Forty-five minutes after oral administration of iodine-125 labeled EGF, 60 and 50% of the radioactivity administered were recovered from the internal organs in newborn and 5-day-old pigs, respec...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Shen WH,Xu RJ

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was conducted to investigate SAFB-induced apoptosis of mast cells as it pertains to both its basic drug mechanism and the potential therapeutics of the pathologic conditions accompanying mast cell proliferation. SAFB induced many apoptotic manifestations as evidenced by changes in cell morphology, generatio...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Park HI,Jeong MH,Lim YJ,Park BS,Kim GC,Lee YM,Kim HM,Yoo KS,Yoo YH

更新日期：2001-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:18-Hydroxycorticosterone (18-OHB) is a precursor of aldosterone and is the only corticosteroid, other than aldosterone, that is synthesized predominantly in the zona glomerulosa. Administration of the dopamine antagonist, metoclopramide results in parallel rises in plasma 18-OHB and aldosterone levels without affectin...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Sowers JR,Beck FW,Stern N

更新日期：1983-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can trigger inflammatory responses and cause damage in organs such as liver and lungs when it is introduced into mammals, but the exact molecular events that mediate these responses have remained obscure. In this study, by using 2D gel electrophoresis and cDNA microarray...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Xie W,Shao N,Ma X,Ling B,Wei Y,Ding Q,Yang G,Liu N,Wang H,Chen K

更新日期：2006-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:Toll-like receptor (TLR)9 ligand CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) exerts preconditioning in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. We hypothesized a postconditioning effect of CpG-ODN in a murine closed-chest model of myocardial infarction. MATERIALS AND METHODS:C57BL/6 (12 weeks, male, WT) mice were instrumented at ...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Kim SC,Wu S,Fang X,Neumann J,Eichhorn L,Schleifer G,Boehm O,Meyer R,Frede S,Hoeft A,Baumgarten G,Knuefermann P

更新日期：2014-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study attempts to indirectly determine if a neuronal cannabinoid (CB1) receptor mediates the intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction effects of arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA), its R-alpha-isopropyl analog, and the non-classical cannabinoid, CP-55,940. A series of these cannabinoids were dissolved in an aqueo...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Pate DW,Järvinen K,Urtti A,Mahadevan V,Järvinen T

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:Obesity is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is accompanied by augmented O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of proteins via increasing hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) flux. However, the changes and regulation of the O-GlcNAc levels induced by obesity are...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Cui YL,Xue RQ,Xi He,Ming Zhao,Yu XJ,Liu LZ,Wu Q,Si Yang,Li DL,Zang WJ

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been widely accepted to be neuro-protective. This study aimed to examine whether hemin (a HO-1 inducer) attenuates neuronal damage in the hippocampus induced by orthotopic autologous liver transplantation (OALT) in adult rats. MAIN METHODS:Rats were randomly allocated into...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Wang Y,Xia H,Yu X,Lu T,Chi X,Cai J

更新日期：2015-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously demonstrated that tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) specifically bound to its receptor (t-PAR) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). In addition to analyses of t-PA binding to plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to the t-PAR, we further eval...

journal_title：Life sciences

authors： Fukao H,Ueshima S,Okada K,Matsuo O

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00