Abstract:
:We report the effects of age error on use of weight-for-age and height-for-age for assessing and screening malnutrition, and for identifying factors of malnutrition in 679 children aged 22-59 months in Companiganj, in rural Bangladesh. Overreporting and random error in age and correlation of age error with each of the anthropometric indices are observed. As a result, the proportion of children having less than or equal to 60 per cent of median weight-for-age is overestimated by five percentage points and the proportion having less than 80 per cent of median height-for-age is overestimated by six points. Loss in sensitivity (proportion of malnourished children correctly identified) for the above cutoff points is 20 per cent for weight-for-age and 28 per cent for height-for-age, compared to the situation in the absence of age error. Although mother's education is not a significant determinant of weight-for-age and height-for-age, age error makes mother's education appear artifactually significant in the analysis of variance.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Bairagi R,Edmonston B,Khan ADdoi
10.2105/ajph.77.3.280subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-03-01 00:00:00pages
280-2issue
3eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:Whether or not spermicides can reduce the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission remains an important question for the control of heterosexual HIV transmission. The authors provide estimates from a reanalysis of one of the few observational studies on the efficacy of condoms and spermicides,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.4.590
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and effect of domestic violence and childhood sexual abuse in women with HIV or at risk for HIV infection. METHODS:Participants with HIV or at risk for HIV infection enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study. Childhood sexual abuse; all physical,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.4.560
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To estimate the seroprevalence and investigate risk behaviors for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection in intravenous drug users in Los Angeles County, a stratified, random sample of 790 clients, enrolled in either methadone maintenance or detoxification programs, were studied. Thirteen study participants (1.8...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.1.81
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined local health department (LHD) preparedness capacities in the context of participation in accreditation and other performance improvement efforts. MetHODS: We analyzed preparedness in 8 domains among LHDs responding to a preparedness capacity instrument from 2010 through 2012. Study groups include...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302159
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study investigated the effect of moderate prenatal alcohol exposure on psychomotor development of preschool-age children in a longitudinal study. METHODS:Pregnant women were interviewed about their alcohol consumption at their first visit to the maternity hospital in Roubaix, France. Alcohol consumptio...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.12.1654
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2018.304412.]. ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304412e
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary arteries and aortas obtained at autopsy in six populations were examined microscopically. Two variants of atherosclerosis could be separately quantified by objective morphometry. These two variants, fibroplasia and atheronecrosis, were both found to increase with age and to correlate with each other from one ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.5.575
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nutrition surveillance system in public health clinics is providing data for patient care and program planning. Through this system, Arizona's Mexican-American population has been shown to differ from other ethnic groups seen in clinic. Anemia and low height-for-age are significant problems in the Mexican-American p...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.67.2.151
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mission of public health--improving the health of populations--is difficult to advance in public discourse because a language to express the values animating that mission has not been adequately developed. Following on the work of Robert Bellah, Dan Beauchamp, and others, we argue that the first "language" of Amer...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.043844
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined two major methadone treatment factors, visit frequency and methadone dose, posited to be important in reducing intravenous drug use and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. METHODS:One hundred fifty opiate-dependent subjects randomly assigned to four groups received 50 or 80 ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.1.34
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to provide estimates of disability prevalence for states and metropolitan areas in the United States. METHODS:We analyzed Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 2001 for all 50 states and the District of Columbia and 103 metropolitan areas. We performed stratified analyses by demogra...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.047308
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thanks to the Affordable Care Act, thousands of people living with HIV who have received Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program-funded care are now eligible for Medicaid or subsidized insurance. The protection against insurance discrimination on the basis of preexisting conditions is increasing health care access for many, but t...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302442
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An estimated 2,300,000 women in the United States underwent tubal sterilizations in 1970-1975. During this period the rate of tubal sterilizations per 1,000 women 15-44 years of age rose from 4.7 to 11.7. We studied the influence on sterilization trends of four demographic variables: age, region of residence, race, an...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.70.8.808
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:I examined genetic influences on smoking among adolescents and differences in the heritability of smoking across states in the United States. METHODS:With data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (participants aged 12-21 years), I used a multilevel twin- and sibling-pair (N = 2060 pair...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.134932
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the prevalence and causes of functional paralysis in the United States. METHODS:We used the 2013 US Paralysis Prevalence & Health Disparities Survey to estimate the prevalence of paralysis, its causes, associated sociodemographic characteristics, and health effects among this population. RESULT...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303270
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether state-sponsored antitobacco advertisements are associated with reduced adult smoking, and interactions between smoking-related advertising types. METHODS:We measured mean exposure to smoking-related advertisements with television ratings for the top-75 US media markets from 1999 to 2...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300443
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have summarized the evolution of the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), a prospective cohort study of 121 700 married registered nurses launched in 1976; NHS II, which began in 1989 and enrolled 116 430 nurses; and NHS3, which began in 2010 and has ongoing enrollment. Over 40 years, these studies have generated long-term,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303338
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined agreement of administrative data with self-reported race/ethnicity and identified correlates of agreement. METHODS:We used Veterans Affairs administrative data and VA 1999 Large Health survey race/ethnicity data. RESULTS:Relatively low rates of agreement (approximately 60%) between data sources...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.10.1734
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study investigated the psychological effects of paid employment and nonemployment, cross-sectionally and longitudinally, in 541 middle-aged women. METHODS:Women were seen for an extensive baseline evaluation and were reevaluated in an identical manner 3 years later. They were divided into four "synthet...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.2.202
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the association between the size and growth of Latino populations and hospitals' uncompensated care in California. METHODS:Our sample consisted of general acute care hospitals in California operating during 2000 and 2010 (n = 251). We merged California hospital data with US Census data for each ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302583
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to quantify the potential health impact of selected medical and nonmedical policy changes within the United States. METHODS:Using data from the 1997-2000 National Health Interview Surveys (linked to mortality data through 2002) and the 1996-2002 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys, we calculated age...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.165019
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contact tracing was one of the core public health strategies implemented during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this essay, we describe the rapid establishment of a volunteer contact tracing program in New Haven, Connecticut. We describe successes of the program and challenges that were faced. Going forw...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305959
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of 2 large field studies on the impact of the polio eradication initiative on health systems and 3 supplementary reports were presented at a December 1999 meeting convened by the World Health Organization. All of these studies concluded that positive synergies exist between polio eradication and health sys...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.92.1.19
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the joint associations of marital status and duration of cohabitation on self-reported intimate partner violence, substance use, and postpartum depression among childbearing women. METHODS:We analyzed data from the 2006-2007 Canadian Maternity Experiences Survey, a cross-sectional nationwide sam...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301116
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study tested the hypothesis that tobacco industry campaign contributions influence state legislators' behavior. METHODS:Multivariate simultaneous equations regression was used to analyze data on tobacco industry campaign contributions to state legislators and legislators' tobacco control policy scores ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.6.918
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nationwide evaluation of 49 Veterans Administration drug dependence treatment programs was conducted using a sample of 1,655 patients. Their status with reference to seven treatment goals was assessed at admission and again 11 months later to determine change. The following changes were observed: a large decrease in...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.68.1.39
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated annual mortality, years of potential life lost, and associated economic costs attributable to regular cigar smoking among US adults aged 35 years or older. METHODS:We estimated cigar-attributable mortality for the United States in 2010 using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Smok...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.301991
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined whether social processes of neighborhoods, such as collective efficacy, during individual's adolescent years affect the likelihood of being involved in physical dating violence during young adulthood. METHODS:Using longitudinal data on 633 urban youths aged 13 to 19 years at baseline and data fr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.169730
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To develop a protocol for prevention of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission in Wisconsin prisons, we interviewed 619 male prisoners at incarceration to obtain information on hepatitis B risk factors. We defined previous infections by the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to hepatitis B surface...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.10.1182
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to measure the difference in employment rates between HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative persons and to establish whether this difference varied according to the HIV-infected persons' socioeconomic position as defined by education level. METHODS:We used data from the VESPA (VIH: Enquête Sur les...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.081083
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00